California Geology midterm Exam
Be able to describe the difference among the rocks you found out insection/lab along with
shale/mudstone, sandstone, conglomerate, breccia,limestone, evaporite and a chert. - ANS--
shale/mudstone: made of dust (deep ocean)
-sandstone- product of sand (shallow ocean)
-conglomerate: chunks of other rocks
-brecia/ limestone- made from ca co3 shells of useless critters
- chert- silica si02 critters
Be acquainted with the metamorphic rocks you noticed in phase and lab suchas slate,
schist, gneiss, quartzite, eclogite, marble. - ANS-slate- mudstone/shale
schist- mudstone/shale
gneiss-granite
quartzite-sandstone
ecoglite- basalt
marble- limestone
Be familiar with the position positive minerals including gold and mercuryhave played in the
records of California. - ANS-gold- gold rush
mercury- used for gold extraction
Describe the layered structure of the earth (crust-mantle-center). What is every layer
composed of? About how thick is every layer? - ANS-Layered shape: Mantle and core. The
center is composed of internal stable often iron center and outer liquid core. The Mantle is
iron, magnesium, and silicates. The mantle carries decrease mantle (thickest) ,
Asthenosphere (much less thick), and Lithosphere (Thinnest).
How are external bodily properties (crystal shape, cleavage, hardness,density) managed by
atomic structure? - ANS-the atomic structure determines how it will look and so forth.
How are rocks correlated from location to location? - ANS-via matching up rocks from
exceptional places which might be comparable in age. Via bodily standards and fossils
How are sedimentary rocks used to apprehend the geologic report? - ANS-growing and
falling of sea stage
How are the bounds between eras, epochs and periods determinedon the Geologic Time
Scale? - ANS-End and begining of eras are decided with the aid of whilst a new species or
form of animal first seemed. Ie:humans appeared proper before the beggining of the
quarternary length
How do we understand those charges? - ANS-gps- relative and absolute plate pace
How do you use absolute courting to assign actual ages to the bounds on the geologic time
scale? What sorts of rock relationships does one search for in using absolute dating and
, relative date together to shape a more complete picture of geologic time? -
ANS-radiometrically datable rocks, and clear members of the family between them and
stratified rocks
How does one use the concepts of unique horizontality,superposition, pass-cutting
relationships and unconformities to figure outthe relative ages of rock devices in a geologic
phase. Specifically, if I gaveyou a cartoon like the ones we studied all through the Geologic
Time lecture, beable to interpret the cool animated film in phrases of the geologic history of
the section(i.E. Which layer is youngest, oldest, if a fault runs via the segment, howcould you
bracket the age?) - ANS-Faults & dikes are younger than beds they cross
How is the worldwide pattern of earthquake and volcano places related to plate tectonics? -
ANS-Plates define earthquakes and volcanoes. Mainly subduction plate zones
How old is the oldest ocean crust and the way does that evaluate with theage of the
continental crust? - ANS-ocean crust is consantly re forming, round 200 myo
continental crust takes a long term to form not often destroyed- 1 - four billion yo
In phrases of the shape of the volcano, temperature of eruption, associated rock kind, and
tectonic province, what are the differences among Mt. Shasta, Medicine Lake Volcano, and
LongValley Caldera ?(there's a slide that covers this is the younger volcanoes lecture) -
ANS--volcanoes form and eruption depends on lava comp.
The difference among mt. Shasta, medicinal drug lake and long balley
1. Mt. Shasta- andesite rocks, shaped by way of melting above subduction plate through
melting point melancholy. Stratovolano
2. Medicinal drug lake-basalt, decompression melting of the mantle in a continental
extension or rift quarter
3. Long valley-rhyolite
Low- temperature, excessive-stress metamorphism is related to whatkind of tectonic hobby?
How about low-strain, excessive-temperaturemetamorphism? How approximately fairly high
stress and temperaturemetamorphism? (there is a figure in the metamorphic rock lecture on
this) - ANS-1. Low temp excessive pressure- local metamorphism
2. Low strain excessive temp- contact metamorphism
3. High stress high temp- burial metamorphism
n addition to the composition of the granitic plutonic rocks of theSierra, what other proof
argues for his or her beginning below a continentalvolcanic arc, just like the contemporary
Cascade volcanic chain? - ANS-roof pendants show there had been sedimentary rock lying
on the surface before plutonic rock shaped and extruded from below
Name the essential characteristics used to perceive minerals. - ANS-1. Crystal shape
2. Fracture
three. Unique gravity
4. Cleavage
5. Streak
6. Hardness
7. Luster
Be able to describe the difference among the rocks you found out insection/lab along with
shale/mudstone, sandstone, conglomerate, breccia,limestone, evaporite and a chert. - ANS--
shale/mudstone: made of dust (deep ocean)
-sandstone- product of sand (shallow ocean)
-conglomerate: chunks of other rocks
-brecia/ limestone- made from ca co3 shells of useless critters
- chert- silica si02 critters
Be acquainted with the metamorphic rocks you noticed in phase and lab suchas slate,
schist, gneiss, quartzite, eclogite, marble. - ANS-slate- mudstone/shale
schist- mudstone/shale
gneiss-granite
quartzite-sandstone
ecoglite- basalt
marble- limestone
Be familiar with the position positive minerals including gold and mercuryhave played in the
records of California. - ANS-gold- gold rush
mercury- used for gold extraction
Describe the layered structure of the earth (crust-mantle-center). What is every layer
composed of? About how thick is every layer? - ANS-Layered shape: Mantle and core. The
center is composed of internal stable often iron center and outer liquid core. The Mantle is
iron, magnesium, and silicates. The mantle carries decrease mantle (thickest) ,
Asthenosphere (much less thick), and Lithosphere (Thinnest).
How are external bodily properties (crystal shape, cleavage, hardness,density) managed by
atomic structure? - ANS-the atomic structure determines how it will look and so forth.
How are rocks correlated from location to location? - ANS-via matching up rocks from
exceptional places which might be comparable in age. Via bodily standards and fossils
How are sedimentary rocks used to apprehend the geologic report? - ANS-growing and
falling of sea stage
How are the bounds between eras, epochs and periods determinedon the Geologic Time
Scale? - ANS-End and begining of eras are decided with the aid of whilst a new species or
form of animal first seemed. Ie:humans appeared proper before the beggining of the
quarternary length
How do we understand those charges? - ANS-gps- relative and absolute plate pace
How do you use absolute courting to assign actual ages to the bounds on the geologic time
scale? What sorts of rock relationships does one search for in using absolute dating and
, relative date together to shape a more complete picture of geologic time? -
ANS-radiometrically datable rocks, and clear members of the family between them and
stratified rocks
How does one use the concepts of unique horizontality,superposition, pass-cutting
relationships and unconformities to figure outthe relative ages of rock devices in a geologic
phase. Specifically, if I gaveyou a cartoon like the ones we studied all through the Geologic
Time lecture, beable to interpret the cool animated film in phrases of the geologic history of
the section(i.E. Which layer is youngest, oldest, if a fault runs via the segment, howcould you
bracket the age?) - ANS-Faults & dikes are younger than beds they cross
How is the worldwide pattern of earthquake and volcano places related to plate tectonics? -
ANS-Plates define earthquakes and volcanoes. Mainly subduction plate zones
How old is the oldest ocean crust and the way does that evaluate with theage of the
continental crust? - ANS-ocean crust is consantly re forming, round 200 myo
continental crust takes a long term to form not often destroyed- 1 - four billion yo
In phrases of the shape of the volcano, temperature of eruption, associated rock kind, and
tectonic province, what are the differences among Mt. Shasta, Medicine Lake Volcano, and
LongValley Caldera ?(there's a slide that covers this is the younger volcanoes lecture) -
ANS--volcanoes form and eruption depends on lava comp.
The difference among mt. Shasta, medicinal drug lake and long balley
1. Mt. Shasta- andesite rocks, shaped by way of melting above subduction plate through
melting point melancholy. Stratovolano
2. Medicinal drug lake-basalt, decompression melting of the mantle in a continental
extension or rift quarter
3. Long valley-rhyolite
Low- temperature, excessive-stress metamorphism is related to whatkind of tectonic hobby?
How about low-strain, excessive-temperaturemetamorphism? How approximately fairly high
stress and temperaturemetamorphism? (there is a figure in the metamorphic rock lecture on
this) - ANS-1. Low temp excessive pressure- local metamorphism
2. Low strain excessive temp- contact metamorphism
3. High stress high temp- burial metamorphism
n addition to the composition of the granitic plutonic rocks of theSierra, what other proof
argues for his or her beginning below a continentalvolcanic arc, just like the contemporary
Cascade volcanic chain? - ANS-roof pendants show there had been sedimentary rock lying
on the surface before plutonic rock shaped and extruded from below
Name the essential characteristics used to perceive minerals. - ANS-1. Crystal shape
2. Fracture
three. Unique gravity
4. Cleavage
5. Streak
6. Hardness
7. Luster
