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Biol 373- Exam #1 Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
Chapter 1 Ans: Evolution
Robert Hooke (1665) Ans: observed compartments in
cork, under a microscope, and first named them cells
resolution Ans: -resolving power (ability to see fine
detail)
-the ability to distinguish two adjacent objects or points
from one another
Resolving power (RP) = Ans: Wavelength of light in nm
/ 2 x Numerical aperture
-Shorter wavelengths provide a better resolution
What is the descriptive nature of cell biology Ans: focus
on observation, with little emphasis on explanation
Compound microscopes (1830s) Ans: -These had two
lenses
-Both magnification and resolution were improved
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-Structures only 1 micrometer in size could be seen
clearly
Robert Brown Ans: identified the nucleus, a structure
inside plant cells
Matthias Schleiden Ans: concluded that all plant tissues
are composed of cells
Thomas Schwann Ans: concluded that all animal
tissues are composed of cells; postulated the cell theory
(1839)
What is the cell theory? Ans: 1. All organisms consist of
one or more cells (Schwann 1839)
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms
(Schwann 1839)
3. All cells arise only from preexisting cells (Virchow
1855)
Cytology Ans: focuses mainly on cellular structure and
emphasizes optical techniques
Biochemistry Ans: focuses on cellular structure and
function
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Genetics Ans: focuses on information flow and heredity
and includes sequencing of the entire genome (all of the
DNA) in numerous organisms
micrometer (μm) Ans: one millionth of a meter (10-6
m)
nanometer (nm) Ans: one-billionth of a meter (10-9 m)
microtome (mid-1800s) Ans: -allowed preparation of
very thin slices of samples
limit of resolution Ans: how far apart objects must be
to appear as distinct
The smaller the microscope's limit of resolution, the
greater its Ans: resolving power
Electron Microscopy (Ruska 1930's) Ans: -Focused
electron beam
-Wavelength = 6pm
-100,000 X less than red visible light
Fredrich Wöhler (1828) Ans: -showed that a compound
made in a living organism (urea) could be synthesized in
the lab
Louis Pasteur (1860s) Ans: showed that yeasts could
ferment sugar into alcohol
Biol 373- Exam #1 Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
Chapter 1 Ans: Evolution
Robert Hooke (1665) Ans: observed compartments in
cork, under a microscope, and first named them cells
resolution Ans: -resolving power (ability to see fine
detail)
-the ability to distinguish two adjacent objects or points
from one another
Resolving power (RP) = Ans: Wavelength of light in nm
/ 2 x Numerical aperture
-Shorter wavelengths provide a better resolution
What is the descriptive nature of cell biology Ans: focus
on observation, with little emphasis on explanation
Compound microscopes (1830s) Ans: -These had two
lenses
-Both magnification and resolution were improved
, Page | 2
-Structures only 1 micrometer in size could be seen
clearly
Robert Brown Ans: identified the nucleus, a structure
inside plant cells
Matthias Schleiden Ans: concluded that all plant tissues
are composed of cells
Thomas Schwann Ans: concluded that all animal
tissues are composed of cells; postulated the cell theory
(1839)
What is the cell theory? Ans: 1. All organisms consist of
one or more cells (Schwann 1839)
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms
(Schwann 1839)
3. All cells arise only from preexisting cells (Virchow
1855)
Cytology Ans: focuses mainly on cellular structure and
emphasizes optical techniques
Biochemistry Ans: focuses on cellular structure and
function
, Page | 3
Genetics Ans: focuses on information flow and heredity
and includes sequencing of the entire genome (all of the
DNA) in numerous organisms
micrometer (μm) Ans: one millionth of a meter (10-6
m)
nanometer (nm) Ans: one-billionth of a meter (10-9 m)
microtome (mid-1800s) Ans: -allowed preparation of
very thin slices of samples
limit of resolution Ans: how far apart objects must be
to appear as distinct
The smaller the microscope's limit of resolution, the
greater its Ans: resolving power
Electron Microscopy (Ruska 1930's) Ans: -Focused
electron beam
-Wavelength = 6pm
-100,000 X less than red visible light
Fredrich Wöhler (1828) Ans: -showed that a compound
made in a living organism (urea) could be synthesized in
the lab
Louis Pasteur (1860s) Ans: showed that yeasts could
ferment sugar into alcohol
