NURS 6521 Advanced Pharmacology –
Midterm Exam Review Questions and
Answers, GRADE A
100-Question Practice Quiz (with Answers & Rationales)
1.
Which pharmacokinetic process is most affected in older adults?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Answer: D. Excretion
Rationale: Renal clearance decreases with age, prolonging drug half-life.
2.
Which CYP450 enzyme is most involved in drug metabolism?
A. CYP3A4
B. CYP2D6
C. CYP1A2
D. CYP2C19
Answer: A. CYP3A4
Rationale: CYP3A4 metabolizes the majority of prescribed drugs.
3.
Which drug class is contraindicated in pregnancy (Category X)?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Beta blockers
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Penicillins
,Answer: A. ACE inhibitors
Rationale: ACE inhibitors cause fetal renal damage.
4.
Which antihypertensive is first-line in Black patients without CKD?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. ARBs
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Beta blockers
Answer: C. Thiazide diuretics
Rationale: Thiazides and CCBs are more effective in Black patients.
5.
What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?
A. Naloxone
B. Flumazenil
C. Protamine sulfate
D. Vitamin K
Answer: B. Flumazenil
Rationale: Flumazenil reverses benzodiazepine effects.
6.
Which of the following drugs requires monitoring of thyroid function?
A. Lithium
B. Phenytoin
C. Carbamazepine
D. Valproate
Answer: A. Lithium
Rationale: Lithium can cause hypothyroidism.
7.
Which antibiotic is safe in pregnancy?
A. Tetracycline
B. Fluoroquinolone
, C. Amoxicillin
D. Aminoglycoside
Answer: C. Amoxicillin
Rationale: Tetracyclines & fluoroquinolones are teratogenic.
8.
A patient taking simvastatin should avoid:
A. Orange juice
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Cranberry juice
D. Milk
Answer: B. Grapefruit juice
Rationale: Grapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 → statin toxicity.
9.
Which insulin has the fastest onset?
A. Regular insulin
B. NPH insulin
C. Insulin lispro
D. Insulin glargine
Answer: C. Insulin lispro
Rationale: Lispro is rapid-acting.
10.
What is the primary side effect of ACE inhibitors?
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Dry cough
D. Constipation
Answer: C. Dry cough
Rationale: Due to increased bradykinin.
11.
Midterm Exam Review Questions and
Answers, GRADE A
100-Question Practice Quiz (with Answers & Rationales)
1.
Which pharmacokinetic process is most affected in older adults?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Answer: D. Excretion
Rationale: Renal clearance decreases with age, prolonging drug half-life.
2.
Which CYP450 enzyme is most involved in drug metabolism?
A. CYP3A4
B. CYP2D6
C. CYP1A2
D. CYP2C19
Answer: A. CYP3A4
Rationale: CYP3A4 metabolizes the majority of prescribed drugs.
3.
Which drug class is contraindicated in pregnancy (Category X)?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Beta blockers
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Penicillins
,Answer: A. ACE inhibitors
Rationale: ACE inhibitors cause fetal renal damage.
4.
Which antihypertensive is first-line in Black patients without CKD?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. ARBs
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Beta blockers
Answer: C. Thiazide diuretics
Rationale: Thiazides and CCBs are more effective in Black patients.
5.
What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?
A. Naloxone
B. Flumazenil
C. Protamine sulfate
D. Vitamin K
Answer: B. Flumazenil
Rationale: Flumazenil reverses benzodiazepine effects.
6.
Which of the following drugs requires monitoring of thyroid function?
A. Lithium
B. Phenytoin
C. Carbamazepine
D. Valproate
Answer: A. Lithium
Rationale: Lithium can cause hypothyroidism.
7.
Which antibiotic is safe in pregnancy?
A. Tetracycline
B. Fluoroquinolone
, C. Amoxicillin
D. Aminoglycoside
Answer: C. Amoxicillin
Rationale: Tetracyclines & fluoroquinolones are teratogenic.
8.
A patient taking simvastatin should avoid:
A. Orange juice
B. Grapefruit juice
C. Cranberry juice
D. Milk
Answer: B. Grapefruit juice
Rationale: Grapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 → statin toxicity.
9.
Which insulin has the fastest onset?
A. Regular insulin
B. NPH insulin
C. Insulin lispro
D. Insulin glargine
Answer: C. Insulin lispro
Rationale: Lispro is rapid-acting.
10.
What is the primary side effect of ACE inhibitors?
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Dry cough
D. Constipation
Answer: C. Dry cough
Rationale: Due to increased bradykinin.
11.
