Test Bank For A Concise Introduction to Logic 14th Edition By Patrick J. Hurley, All Chapters ||Complete A+ Guide

TEST BANK A Concise Introduction to Logic 14th
b b b b b b b




EditionbyHurley
b b b




Chapter1 to14 b b b




TESTBANK b

,TABLE OF CONTENTS b b




Part I: INFORMAL LOGIC.
b b b




1. Basic Concepts.
b b




Arguments, Premises, and Conclusions. Exercise. Recognizing Arguments. Exercise. Deduction and Induction. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b b b


bValidity, Truth, Soundness, Strength, Cogency. Exercise. Argument Forms: Proving Invalidity. Exercise. Extended Arguments.
b b b b b b b b b b b b


Exercise.
b




2. Language: Meaning and Definition.
b b b b




Varieties of Meaning. Exercise. The Intension and Extension of Terms. Exercise. Definitions and Their Purposes.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


Exercise. Definitional Techniques. Exercise. Criteria for Lexical Definitions. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b




3. Informal Fallacies.
b b




Fallacies in General. Exercise. Fallacies of Relevance. Exercise. Fallacies of Weak Induction. Exercise. Fallacies of Presumption
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


Ambiguity, and Illicit Transference. Exercise. Fallacies in Ordinary Language. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b b




Part II: FORMAL LOGIC.
b b b




4. Categorical Propositions.
b b




The Components of Categorical Propositions. Exercise. Quality, Quantity, and Distribution. Exercise. Venn Diagrams and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


Modern Square of Opposition. Exercise. Conversion, Obversion, and Contraposition. Exercise. The Traditional Square
b b b b b b b b b b b b b


Opposition. Exercise. Venn Diagrams and the Traditional Standpoint. Exercise. Translating Ordinary Language Statements i
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


Categorical Form. Exercise.
b b b




5. Categorical Syllogisms.
b b




Standard Form, Mood, and Figure. Exercise. Venn Diagrams. Exercise. Rules and Fallacies. Exercise. Reducing the Number
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


Terms. Exercise. Ordinary Language Arguments. Exercise. Enthymemes. Exercise. Sorites. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b b




6. Propositional Logic.
b b




Symbols and Translation. Exercise. Truth Functions. Exercise. Truth Tables for Propositions. Exercise. Truth Tables for Arguments
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


bExercise. Indirect Truth Tables. Exercise. Argument Forms and Fallacies. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b




7. Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic.
b b b b b




Rules of Implication I. Exercise. Rules of Implication II. Exercise. Rules of Replacement I. Exercise. Rules of Replaceme
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


II. Exercise. Conditional Proof. Exercise. Indirect Proof. Exercise. Proving Logical Truths. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b b b b




8. Predicate Logic.
b b




Symbols and Translation. Exercise. Using the Rules of Inference. Exercise. Quantifier Negation Rule. Exercise. Conditional a
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b


Indirect Proof. Exercise. Proving Invalidity. Exercise. Relational Predicates and Overlapping Quantifiers. Exercise. Iden
b b b b b b b b b b b b b


Exercise.
b




Part III: INDUCTIVE LOGIC.
b b b




9. Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning.
b b b b b b




Analogical Reasoning. Legal Reasoning. Moral Reasoning. Exercise.
b b b b b b

,10. Causality and Mill's Methods.
b b b b

,"Cause" and Necessary and Sufficient Conditions. Mill's Five Methods. Mill's Methods and Science. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b




11. Probability. b




Theories of Probability. The Probability Calculus. Exercise.
b b b b b b




12. Statistical Reasoning. b b




Evaluating Statistics. Samples. The Meaning of "Average." Dispersion. Graphs and Pictograms. Percentages. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b b b b




13. Hypothetical/Scientific Reasoning.
b b




The Hypothetical Method. Hypothetical Reasoning: Four Examples from Science. The Proof of Hypotheses. The
b b b b b b b b b b b b b


bTentative Acceptance of Hypotheses. Exercise. b b b b




14. Science and Superstition. b b b




Distinguishing Between Science and Superstition. Evidentiary Support. Objectivity. Integrity. Abusing Science. Exercise.
b b b b b b b b b b b




b Answers to Selected Exercises. b b b