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Samenvatting - Fysiotechniek

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Dit is een samenvatting van het vak Fysiotechniek, gedoceert aan de KU Leuven Campus Brugge door Prof. G. Huysentruyt.

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Fysiotechniek
Elektrotherapie – G. Huysentruyt

Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: gelijkstroom (galvanisatie)...............................................................6
1. galvanisatie.................................................................................................... 6
1.1. Effecten van galvanisatie.........................................................................6
1.2. Penetratievermogen van laag frequente galvanische stoom...................8
1.3. Applicatie van galvanische stroom...........................................................8
1.4. Indicaties.................................................................................................. 8
2. iontoforese...................................................................................................... 9
2.1. Wat is iontoforese..................................................................................... 9
2.2. Toepassingen......................................................................................... 10
2.3. Producten............................................................................................... 11
Hoofdstuk 2: spierstimulatie................................................................................ 11
1. de techniek van het prikkelen......................................................................12
1.1. Elektrodiagnose...................................................................................... 13
2. elektrostimulatie........................................................................................... 15
2.1. Elektrostimulatie bij primaire atrofie......................................................15
2.2. Elektrostimulatie bij totale denervaties..................................................16
2.3. Elektrostimulatie bij partiële denervaties...............................................17
2.4. Elektrostimulatie bij secundaire atrofie..................................................17
2.5. Parameters van de faradische zwelstroom.............................................18
2.6. Samenvatting behandelparameters.......................................................19
3. indicaties voor elektrobewegingstherapie....................................................19
3.1. Onvermogen tot contracties bij intact neuromusculair apparaat...........19
3.2. Selectieve spiertraining..........................................................................19
3.3. Spierpompwerking activeren om doorbloeding te verhogen..................19
3.4. Beginnende reïnnervatie........................................................................20
Hoofdstuk 3: diadynamische stromen..................................................................20
1. Wat zijn NEmamische stromen.....................................................................20
1.1. Soorten................................................................................................... 20
1.2. Modulatie................................................................................................ 20
2. Effecten van diadynamische stromen...........................................................21


1

, 2.1. Galvanische effecten..............................................................................21
2.2. Lokale responsen op de impulsen..........................................................21
2.3. Methodiek............................................................................................... 22
Hoofdstuk 4: alternatieve stroomvormen............................................................22
1. ultra-reiz stroom........................................................................................... 22
2. high voltage pulsed galvanic currecnt (hvpgc).............................................22
3. microcurrent electrical therapy (met)...........................................................22
Hoofdstuk 5: pijnmodulatie..................................................................................23
1. nocisensoriek................................................................................................ 23
1.1. Soorten pijn............................................................................................ 23
1.2. Nociceptoren.......................................................................................... 23
1.3. Baan van de pijnprikkel..........................................................................24
1.4. Pijnmodulatie op spinaal niveau.............................................................24
1.5. Pijnmodulatie op supra-spinaal niveau...................................................26
2. het orthosympathisch zenuwstelsel..............................................................26
3. pijnmodulatie en beïnvloeding van het vegetatieve zs.................................27
3.1. Perifere pijnmodulatie............................................................................27
3.2. Spinale pijnmodulatie............................................................................. 28
3.3. Supraspinale pijnmodulatie....................................................................29
3.4. Samenvatting......................................................................................... 29
Hoofdstuk 6: TENS............................................................................................... 29
1. TENS als pijnmodulatie.................................................................................30
1.1. Impulsvorm............................................................................................. 30
1.2. Impulstijd................................................................................................ 30
1.3. Impulsfrequentie.................................................................................... 30
1.4. Intensiteit............................................................................................... 31
1.5. Modaliteiten............................................................................................ 31
1.6. Applicatie vorm...................................................................................... 32
2. tens als spierstimulatie.................................................................................33
2.1. Impuls vorm............................................................................................ 33
2.2. Impulsduur............................................................................................. 33
2.3. Impulsfrequentie.................................................................................... 33
2.4. Duty cycle............................................................................................... 33
2.5. Intensiteit............................................................................................... 33
2.6. Uitgangspositie....................................................................................... 33


2

, 2.7. Duur behandeling................................................................................... 33
2.8. Elektrode plaatsing.................................................................................34
Hoofdstuk 7: middenfrequente wisselstroom.......................................................34
1. inleiding........................................................................................................ 34
1.1. Klinische toepassing............................................................................... 34
1.2. Passage door de huid.............................................................................35
2. voordelen van MF stroom.............................................................................35
3. modaliteiten van MF stroom.........................................................................35
3.1. Pre-modulated interferential current......................................................36
3.2. True interferential current......................................................................36
3.3. Modulatie................................................................................................ 36
4. interferentiële stromen................................................................................. 36
4.1. Wat is interferentie................................................................................. 36
4.2. Waar vindt interferentie plaats...............................................................37
4.3. Vectortechnieken................................................................................... 37
4.4. Elektroden.............................................................................................. 38
4.5. Parameters............................................................................................. 38
4.6. Techniekkeuze........................................................................................ 39
Hoofdstuk 8: hoogfrequente wisselstroom (HFW)................................................39
1. inleiding........................................................................................................ 39
1.1. Voordelen tijdens revalidatie..................................................................40
1.2. Vergelijking met andere technieken.......................................................40
2. de condensator methode..............................................................................40
2.1. Soorten stomen...................................................................................... 40
2.2. Elektrische veldlijnen.............................................................................. 41
3. inductie of spoelenmethode.........................................................................43
3.1. Inleiding.................................................................................................. 43
3.2. Toepassingen bij kortegolftherapie........................................................44
3.3. Toepassing bij ultrakortegolf en microgolftherapie................................45
4. gepulseerde hoogfrequente stromen...........................................................45
5. effecten van hoogfrequente stromen...........................................................45
5.1. Warmte effecten..................................................................................... 45
5.2. Biologische effecten............................................................................... 45
5.3. Effecten op diverse processen................................................................46
6. dosering van hoogfrequente stromen...........................................................46


3

, 6.1. Intensiteit............................................................................................... 46
6.2. Behandelduur......................................................................................... 47
6.3. Pulsduur en pulsfrequentie.....................................................................47
7. behandelkeuze............................................................................................. 47
8. indicaties...................................................................................................... 47
9. contra-indicaties........................................................................................... 48
Hoofdstuk 9: ultrageluid...................................................................................... 48
1. inleiding........................................................................................................ 48
2. hoe wordt ultrageluid opgewekt...................................................................49
3. ultrageluid bundel......................................................................................... 49
3.1. Behandelzones....................................................................................... 49
3.2. Parameters............................................................................................. 50
4. reflectie en afbuiging van een ultrageluid bundel........................................50
4.1. Reflectie................................................................................................. 50
4.2. Effecten van reflectie.............................................................................. 51
5. absorptie van ultrageluid.............................................................................. 51
6. effecten van ultrageluid................................................................................ 52
6.1. Mechanisch effect – non-thermische effecten........................................52
6.2. Thermisch effect..................................................................................... 52
7. gevaar.......................................................................................................... 52
8. doseringsparameters van ultrageluid...........................................................52
8.1. Continu – gepulseerd..............................................................................52
8.2. De intensiteit.......................................................................................... 53
8.3. Dynamisch – semi-stationair...................................................................53
8.4. Grootte van behandelkop.......................................................................53
8.5. Ultrageluidsfrequentie............................................................................53
8.6. Behandeltijd........................................................................................... 54
8.7. Behandelfrequentie................................................................................54
9. indicaties...................................................................................................... 54
10. contra-inidcaties......................................................................................... 54
11. alternatieve vormen................................................................................... 55
11.1. Fonoforese............................................................................................ 55
11.2. Shockwave therapie.............................................................................55
11.3. Longwave therapie...............................................................................55
Hoofdstuk 10: Lichttherapie.................................................................................55


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