,Table of Contents
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 6
Chapter 1: Orientation To Pharmacology............................................. 6
Chapter 2: Application Of Pharmacology In Nursing Practice............. 9
Chapter 3: Drug Regulation, Development, Names, And Information.. 15
UNIT II: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY ........................... 19
Chapter 4: Pharmacokinetics .................................................... 19
Chapter 5: Pharmacodynamics .......26
Chapter 6: Drug Interactions ......... 30
Chapter 7: Adverse Drug Reactions And Medication Errors ....... 37
Chapter 8: Individual Variation In Drug Responses ......... 44
UNIT III: DRUG THERAPY ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN.... 50
Chapter 9: Drug Therapy During Pregnancy And Breast-Feeding .... 50
Chapter 10: Drug Therapy In Pediatric Patients ..... 55
Chapter 11: Drug Therapy In Geriatric Patients .... 60
UNIT IV: PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS ...... 67
Section 1: Introduction .. 67
Chapter 12: Basic Principles Of Neuropharmacology ... 67
Chapter 13: Physiology Of The Peripheral Nervous System .... 71
Section 2: Cholinergic Drugs ........ 76
Chapter 14: Muscarinic Agonists And Antagonists .... 76
Chapter 15: Cholinesterase Inhibitors And Their Use In Myasthenia Gravis .... 81
Chapter 16: Drugs That Block Nicotinic Cholinergic Transmission: Neuromuscular
Blocking Agents And Ganglionic Blocking Agents ... 87
Section 3: Adrenergic Drugs ....... 93
Chapter 17: Adrenergic Agonists ..... . 93
,Chapter 18: Adrenergic Antagonists ... 100
Chapter 19: Indirect-Acting Antiadrenergic Agents .... 108
Unit V: Central Nervous System Drugs .. 114
Section 4: Introduction ............................ 114
Chapter 20: Introduction To Central Nervous System Pharmacology
............................................ 114
Section 5: Drugs for Neurodegenerative Disorders
.......................................................................... 118
Chapter 21: Drugs For Parkinson’s Disease
...................................................................................... 118
Chapter 22: Alzheimer’s Disease
.................................................................................................. 125
Chapter 23: Drugs For Multiple Sclerosis ......... 131
Section 6: Neurologic Drugs ................. 137
Chapter 24: Drugs For Seizure Disorders ........ 137
Chapter 25: Drugs For Muscle Spasm And Spasticity ....... 147
Section 7: Drugs for Pain ........................... 152
Chapter 26: Local Anesthetics ................ 152
Chapter 27: General Anesthetics ........... 158
Chapter 28: Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics, Opioid Antagonists, And Nonopioid Centrally
Acting Analgesics ......................................... 165
Chapter 29: Pain Management In Patients With Cancer ....... 173
Chapter 30: Drugs For Headache ........ 182
Section 8: Psychotherapeutic Drugs ........... 188
Chapter 31: Antipsychotic Agents And Their Use In Schizophrenia
.............................................. 188
Chapter 32: Antidepressants ........................................... 196
Chapter 33: Drugs For Bipolar Disorder ............. 206
Chapter 34: Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs ............... 212
,Chapter 35: Central Nervous System Stimulants And Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder .......... 226
Section 9: Drug Abuse .................................... 233
Chapter 37: Substance Use Disorders I: Basic Considerations
....................................................... 233
Chapter 38: Substance Use Disorders II: Alcohol
............................................................................ 237
Chapter 39: Substance Use Disorders III: Nicotine And Smoking
.................................................. 246
Chapter 40: Substance Use Disorders IV: Major Drugs Of Abuse Other Than Alcohol And
Nicotine ........................................................... 252
UNIT VI: DRUGS THAT AFFECT FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
.................................... 262
Chapter 41: Diuretics ...................... 262
Chapter 42: Agents Affecting The Volume And Ion Content Of Body Fluids
................................ 268
UNIT VII: DRUGS THAT AFFECT THE HEART, BLOOD VESSELS, AND BLOOD
......................... 275
Chapter 43: Review Of Hemodynamics
.......................................................................................... 275
Chapter 44: Drugs Acting On The Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System
............................... 279
Chapter 45: Calcium Channel Blockers ............. 286
Chapter 46: Vasodilators ..................... 291
Chapter 47: Drugs For Hypertension .............. 296
Chapter 48: Drugs For Heart Failure ........... 306
Chapter 49: Antidysrhythmic Drugs ......... 318
Chapter 50: Prophylaxis Of Coronary Heart Disease: Drugs That Help Normalize
Cholesterol And Triglyceride Levels ................................ 329
,Chapter 51: Drugs For Angina Pectoris ............. 338
Chapter 52: Anticoagulant, Antiplatelet, And Thrombolytic Drugs
................................................ 347
Chapter 53: Management Of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
.................................................. 357
Chapter 54: Drugs For Hemophilia ......... 363
Chapter 55: Drugs For Deficiency Anemias .......... 369
Chapter 56: Hematopoietic Agents ............. 377
UNIT VIII: DRUGS FOR ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
........................................................................ 382
Chapter 57: Drugs For Diabetes Mellitus ......... 382
Chapter 58: Drugs For Thyroid Disorders ........... 391
Chapter 59: Drugs Related To Hypothalamic And Pituitary Function
........................................... 399
Chapter 60: Drugs For Disorders Of The Adrenal Cortex ....... 405
UNIT IX: WOMEN’S HEALTH ............................................................................ 412
Chapter 61: Estrogens And Progestins: Basic Pharmacology And Noncontraceptive
Applications ...................................... 412
Chapter 62: Birth Control ................. 417
Chapter 63: Drug Therapy Of Infertility .......... 426
Chapter 64: Drugs That Affect Uterine Function ....... 431
UNIT X: MEN’S HEALTH .............. 437
Chapter 65: Androgens .................... 437
Chapter 66: Drugs For Erectile Dysfunction And Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
............................ 445
,UNIT XI: ANTIINFLAMMATORY, ANTIALLERGIC, AND IMMUNOLOGIC DRUGS
.................... 450
Chapter 67: Review Of The Immune System ....... 450
Chapter 68: Childhood Immunization ........... 456
Chapter 69: Immunosuppressants ............. 462
Chapter 70: Antihistamines ............. 472
Chapter 71: Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs And
Acetaminophen ................................................ 480
Chapter 72: Glucocorticoids In Nonendocrine Disorders
................................................................ 489
UNIT XII: DRUGS FOR BONE AND JOINT DISORDERS ..
....... 496
Chapter 73: Drug Therapy Of Rheumatoid Arthritis ..... 496
Chapter 74: Drug Therapy Of Gout ............. 501
Chapter 75: Drugs Affecting Calcium Levels And Bone Mineralization
.......................................... 506
UNIT XIII: RESPIRATORY TRACT DRUGS ...... 514
Chapter 76: Drugs For Asthma And Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ...... 514
Chapter 77:Drugs For Allergic Rhinitis, Cough, And Cold ...... 524
UNIT XIV:GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS ...... 531
Chapter 78:Drugs For Pepic Ulcer Disease ...... 531
Chapter 79:Lazatives ...... 538
Chapter 80:Other Gastrointestinal Drugs ...... 545
UNIT XV:NUTRITION AND COMPLEMENTARY THERAPY ...... 556
Chapter 81:Vitamins ...... 556
Chapter 82:Drugs For Weight Loss ...... 564
,UNIT XVI:DRUGS FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES ...... 572
Chapter 83:Basic Principles Of Antimicrobial Therapy ...... 572
Chapter 84:Drugs That Western The Bacterial Cell Wall II: Penicillin ...... 579
Chapter 85:Drugs That Western The Bacterial Cell Wall II: Caphalosporus,
Carbapenomus, Vasconeyus, Tetavancin, Aztreonum, Tecopilum, And
Fordomycin ...... 588
Chapter 86:Bacteriostatic Initiation of Protein Synthesis, Tetracyclines,
Microlides, And Others594
Chapter 87:Antimodipocidics, Bactericidal Initiation of Protein Synthesis
...... 609
Chapter 88:Antibiontases And Trimesorbentin ...... 614
Chapter 89:Drug Therapy Of Urinary Tract Infection ...... 621
Chapter 90:Antimycobacterial Agents: Drugs For Tuberculosis, Leprosy,
And Mycobacterium Avion Complex Infection ...... 629
Chapter 91:Miscellaneous Antibacterial Drugs: Fluoroquinolones,
Metrovidazole, Daptomycin, Bilampin, Bilantinin, Bacitonin, And Polymysin
...... 641
Chapter 92:Antifungal Agents ...... 646
Chapter 93:Antiviral Agents I: Drugs For Naoritty Viral Infections ...... 657
Chapter 94:Antiviral Agents II: Drugs For HIV Infection And Related
Opportunistic Infections ...... 665
Chapter 95:Drug Therapy Of Sexually Transmitted Diseases ...... 673
Chapter 96:Antiseptics And Disinfectants ...... 679
UNIT XVII:DRUGS FOR PARABITIC DISEASES ...... 684
Chapter 97:Antibirrhinitis ...... 684
Chapter 98:Antiprotoxoid Drugs I: Antimalarial Agents ...... 690
,Chapter 99:Antiprotoxoid Drugs II: Miscellaneous Agents ...... 696
Chapter 100:Ectoparasintoler ...... 700
UNIT XVIII:CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY ...... 707
Chapter 101: Basic Principles Of Cancer Chemotherapy ...... 707
Chapter 102: Anticancer Drugs I: Cytotoxic Agents ...... 716
Chapter 103:Anticancer Drugs II: Hormonal Agents, Targeted Drugs, And
Other Noncytotoxic Anticancer Drugs ...... 725
UNIT XX:DRUGS FOR EYES, EARS, AND SKIN ...... 731
Chapter 104:Drugs For The Eye ...... 731
Chapter 105:Drugs For The Skin ...... 739
Chapter 106:Drugs For The Ear ...... 750
Chapter 107:Miscellaneous Noteworthy Drugs ...... 756
Chapter 108:Dietary Supplement ...... 762
UNIT XX:TOXECOLOGY ...... 768
Chapter 109:Management Of Poisoning ...... 768
Chapter 110:Potential Weapons Of Biologic, Radiologic, And Chemical
Terrorism ...... 774
,Chapter 1: Orientation to Pharmacology Test
Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse is teaching a patient how a medication works to treat an illness. To do this, the nurse
will rely on knowledge of: a. clinical pharmacology.
b. drug efficacy.
c. pharmacokinetics.
d. pharmacotherapeutics.
ANS: D
Pharmacotherapeutics is the study of the use of drugs to diagnose, treat, and prevent
conditions. Clinical pharmacology is concerned with all aspects of drug–human interactions.
Drug efficacy measures the extent to which a given drug causes an intended effect.
Pharmacokinetics is the study of the impact of the body on a drug.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Four Basic Terms
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
2. What does it mean when a drug is described as easy to administer?
a. It can be stored indefinitely without need for refrigeration.
b. It does not interact significantly with other medications.
c. It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen.
d. It is usually relatively inexpensive to produce.
ANS: C
A major benefit of drugs that are easy to administer is that patients taking them are more
likely to comply with the drug regimen. Drugs that are easy to give may have the other
attributes listed, but those properties are independent of ease of administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
REF: Additional Properties of an Ideal Drug: Ease of Administration
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
3. A patient tells the nurse that he was told by the prescriber that the analgesic he is taking is very
effective. Which statement by the patient demonstrates an understanding of the drug’s
effectiveness?
a. “I don’t have to worry about toxicity, since it takes a large amount of this drug to cause an
overdose.”
, b. “It has no side effects and doesn’t interact with other drugs.”
c. “I only have to take it every 12 hours.”
d. “It might make me sleepy, and it lessens pain for several hours at a time.”
ANS: D
A drug is effective if it produces the intended effects, even if it also produces side effects.
Because no drug is completely safe, the level of toxicity does not determine effectiveness. All
drugs have side effects and many react with other substances; these do not affect the drug’s
effectiveness. Ease of administration is independent of a drug’s effectiveness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Properties of an Ideal Drug
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. What are the properties of an ideal drug? (Select all that apply.)
a. Irreversible action
b. Predictability
c. Ease of administration
d. Chemical stability
e. A simple trade name
ANS: B, C, D
In addition to predictability, ease of administration, and chemical stability, other properties
include a reversible action so that any harm the drug may cause can be undone and a simple
generic name, because generic names are usually complex and difficult to remember and
pronounce.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
REF: Properties of an Ideal Drug | Additional Properties of an Ideal Drug
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
2. Before administering a medication, what does the nurse need to know to evaluate how individual
patient variability might affect the patient’s response to the medication? (Select all that apply.)
a. Chemical stability of the medication
b. Ease of administration
c. Family medical history
d. Patient’s age
e. Patient’s diagnosis
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 6
Chapter 1: Orientation To Pharmacology............................................. 6
Chapter 2: Application Of Pharmacology In Nursing Practice............. 9
Chapter 3: Drug Regulation, Development, Names, And Information.. 15
UNIT II: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY ........................... 19
Chapter 4: Pharmacokinetics .................................................... 19
Chapter 5: Pharmacodynamics .......26
Chapter 6: Drug Interactions ......... 30
Chapter 7: Adverse Drug Reactions And Medication Errors ....... 37
Chapter 8: Individual Variation In Drug Responses ......... 44
UNIT III: DRUG THERAPY ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN.... 50
Chapter 9: Drug Therapy During Pregnancy And Breast-Feeding .... 50
Chapter 10: Drug Therapy In Pediatric Patients ..... 55
Chapter 11: Drug Therapy In Geriatric Patients .... 60
UNIT IV: PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS ...... 67
Section 1: Introduction .. 67
Chapter 12: Basic Principles Of Neuropharmacology ... 67
Chapter 13: Physiology Of The Peripheral Nervous System .... 71
Section 2: Cholinergic Drugs ........ 76
Chapter 14: Muscarinic Agonists And Antagonists .... 76
Chapter 15: Cholinesterase Inhibitors And Their Use In Myasthenia Gravis .... 81
Chapter 16: Drugs That Block Nicotinic Cholinergic Transmission: Neuromuscular
Blocking Agents And Ganglionic Blocking Agents ... 87
Section 3: Adrenergic Drugs ....... 93
Chapter 17: Adrenergic Agonists ..... . 93
,Chapter 18: Adrenergic Antagonists ... 100
Chapter 19: Indirect-Acting Antiadrenergic Agents .... 108
Unit V: Central Nervous System Drugs .. 114
Section 4: Introduction ............................ 114
Chapter 20: Introduction To Central Nervous System Pharmacology
............................................ 114
Section 5: Drugs for Neurodegenerative Disorders
.......................................................................... 118
Chapter 21: Drugs For Parkinson’s Disease
...................................................................................... 118
Chapter 22: Alzheimer’s Disease
.................................................................................................. 125
Chapter 23: Drugs For Multiple Sclerosis ......... 131
Section 6: Neurologic Drugs ................. 137
Chapter 24: Drugs For Seizure Disorders ........ 137
Chapter 25: Drugs For Muscle Spasm And Spasticity ....... 147
Section 7: Drugs for Pain ........................... 152
Chapter 26: Local Anesthetics ................ 152
Chapter 27: General Anesthetics ........... 158
Chapter 28: Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics, Opioid Antagonists, And Nonopioid Centrally
Acting Analgesics ......................................... 165
Chapter 29: Pain Management In Patients With Cancer ....... 173
Chapter 30: Drugs For Headache ........ 182
Section 8: Psychotherapeutic Drugs ........... 188
Chapter 31: Antipsychotic Agents And Their Use In Schizophrenia
.............................................. 188
Chapter 32: Antidepressants ........................................... 196
Chapter 33: Drugs For Bipolar Disorder ............. 206
Chapter 34: Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs ............... 212
,Chapter 35: Central Nervous System Stimulants And Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder .......... 226
Section 9: Drug Abuse .................................... 233
Chapter 37: Substance Use Disorders I: Basic Considerations
....................................................... 233
Chapter 38: Substance Use Disorders II: Alcohol
............................................................................ 237
Chapter 39: Substance Use Disorders III: Nicotine And Smoking
.................................................. 246
Chapter 40: Substance Use Disorders IV: Major Drugs Of Abuse Other Than Alcohol And
Nicotine ........................................................... 252
UNIT VI: DRUGS THAT AFFECT FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
.................................... 262
Chapter 41: Diuretics ...................... 262
Chapter 42: Agents Affecting The Volume And Ion Content Of Body Fluids
................................ 268
UNIT VII: DRUGS THAT AFFECT THE HEART, BLOOD VESSELS, AND BLOOD
......................... 275
Chapter 43: Review Of Hemodynamics
.......................................................................................... 275
Chapter 44: Drugs Acting On The Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System
............................... 279
Chapter 45: Calcium Channel Blockers ............. 286
Chapter 46: Vasodilators ..................... 291
Chapter 47: Drugs For Hypertension .............. 296
Chapter 48: Drugs For Heart Failure ........... 306
Chapter 49: Antidysrhythmic Drugs ......... 318
Chapter 50: Prophylaxis Of Coronary Heart Disease: Drugs That Help Normalize
Cholesterol And Triglyceride Levels ................................ 329
,Chapter 51: Drugs For Angina Pectoris ............. 338
Chapter 52: Anticoagulant, Antiplatelet, And Thrombolytic Drugs
................................................ 347
Chapter 53: Management Of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
.................................................. 357
Chapter 54: Drugs For Hemophilia ......... 363
Chapter 55: Drugs For Deficiency Anemias .......... 369
Chapter 56: Hematopoietic Agents ............. 377
UNIT VIII: DRUGS FOR ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
........................................................................ 382
Chapter 57: Drugs For Diabetes Mellitus ......... 382
Chapter 58: Drugs For Thyroid Disorders ........... 391
Chapter 59: Drugs Related To Hypothalamic And Pituitary Function
........................................... 399
Chapter 60: Drugs For Disorders Of The Adrenal Cortex ....... 405
UNIT IX: WOMEN’S HEALTH ............................................................................ 412
Chapter 61: Estrogens And Progestins: Basic Pharmacology And Noncontraceptive
Applications ...................................... 412
Chapter 62: Birth Control ................. 417
Chapter 63: Drug Therapy Of Infertility .......... 426
Chapter 64: Drugs That Affect Uterine Function ....... 431
UNIT X: MEN’S HEALTH .............. 437
Chapter 65: Androgens .................... 437
Chapter 66: Drugs For Erectile Dysfunction And Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
............................ 445
,UNIT XI: ANTIINFLAMMATORY, ANTIALLERGIC, AND IMMUNOLOGIC DRUGS
.................... 450
Chapter 67: Review Of The Immune System ....... 450
Chapter 68: Childhood Immunization ........... 456
Chapter 69: Immunosuppressants ............. 462
Chapter 70: Antihistamines ............. 472
Chapter 71: Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs And
Acetaminophen ................................................ 480
Chapter 72: Glucocorticoids In Nonendocrine Disorders
................................................................ 489
UNIT XII: DRUGS FOR BONE AND JOINT DISORDERS ..
....... 496
Chapter 73: Drug Therapy Of Rheumatoid Arthritis ..... 496
Chapter 74: Drug Therapy Of Gout ............. 501
Chapter 75: Drugs Affecting Calcium Levels And Bone Mineralization
.......................................... 506
UNIT XIII: RESPIRATORY TRACT DRUGS ...... 514
Chapter 76: Drugs For Asthma And Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ...... 514
Chapter 77:Drugs For Allergic Rhinitis, Cough, And Cold ...... 524
UNIT XIV:GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS ...... 531
Chapter 78:Drugs For Pepic Ulcer Disease ...... 531
Chapter 79:Lazatives ...... 538
Chapter 80:Other Gastrointestinal Drugs ...... 545
UNIT XV:NUTRITION AND COMPLEMENTARY THERAPY ...... 556
Chapter 81:Vitamins ...... 556
Chapter 82:Drugs For Weight Loss ...... 564
,UNIT XVI:DRUGS FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES ...... 572
Chapter 83:Basic Principles Of Antimicrobial Therapy ...... 572
Chapter 84:Drugs That Western The Bacterial Cell Wall II: Penicillin ...... 579
Chapter 85:Drugs That Western The Bacterial Cell Wall II: Caphalosporus,
Carbapenomus, Vasconeyus, Tetavancin, Aztreonum, Tecopilum, And
Fordomycin ...... 588
Chapter 86:Bacteriostatic Initiation of Protein Synthesis, Tetracyclines,
Microlides, And Others594
Chapter 87:Antimodipocidics, Bactericidal Initiation of Protein Synthesis
...... 609
Chapter 88:Antibiontases And Trimesorbentin ...... 614
Chapter 89:Drug Therapy Of Urinary Tract Infection ...... 621
Chapter 90:Antimycobacterial Agents: Drugs For Tuberculosis, Leprosy,
And Mycobacterium Avion Complex Infection ...... 629
Chapter 91:Miscellaneous Antibacterial Drugs: Fluoroquinolones,
Metrovidazole, Daptomycin, Bilampin, Bilantinin, Bacitonin, And Polymysin
...... 641
Chapter 92:Antifungal Agents ...... 646
Chapter 93:Antiviral Agents I: Drugs For Naoritty Viral Infections ...... 657
Chapter 94:Antiviral Agents II: Drugs For HIV Infection And Related
Opportunistic Infections ...... 665
Chapter 95:Drug Therapy Of Sexually Transmitted Diseases ...... 673
Chapter 96:Antiseptics And Disinfectants ...... 679
UNIT XVII:DRUGS FOR PARABITIC DISEASES ...... 684
Chapter 97:Antibirrhinitis ...... 684
Chapter 98:Antiprotoxoid Drugs I: Antimalarial Agents ...... 690
,Chapter 99:Antiprotoxoid Drugs II: Miscellaneous Agents ...... 696
Chapter 100:Ectoparasintoler ...... 700
UNIT XVIII:CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY ...... 707
Chapter 101: Basic Principles Of Cancer Chemotherapy ...... 707
Chapter 102: Anticancer Drugs I: Cytotoxic Agents ...... 716
Chapter 103:Anticancer Drugs II: Hormonal Agents, Targeted Drugs, And
Other Noncytotoxic Anticancer Drugs ...... 725
UNIT XX:DRUGS FOR EYES, EARS, AND SKIN ...... 731
Chapter 104:Drugs For The Eye ...... 731
Chapter 105:Drugs For The Skin ...... 739
Chapter 106:Drugs For The Ear ...... 750
Chapter 107:Miscellaneous Noteworthy Drugs ...... 756
Chapter 108:Dietary Supplement ...... 762
UNIT XX:TOXECOLOGY ...... 768
Chapter 109:Management Of Poisoning ...... 768
Chapter 110:Potential Weapons Of Biologic, Radiologic, And Chemical
Terrorism ...... 774
,Chapter 1: Orientation to Pharmacology Test
Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse is teaching a patient how a medication works to treat an illness. To do this, the nurse
will rely on knowledge of: a. clinical pharmacology.
b. drug efficacy.
c. pharmacokinetics.
d. pharmacotherapeutics.
ANS: D
Pharmacotherapeutics is the study of the use of drugs to diagnose, treat, and prevent
conditions. Clinical pharmacology is concerned with all aspects of drug–human interactions.
Drug efficacy measures the extent to which a given drug causes an intended effect.
Pharmacokinetics is the study of the impact of the body on a drug.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Four Basic Terms
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
2. What does it mean when a drug is described as easy to administer?
a. It can be stored indefinitely without need for refrigeration.
b. It does not interact significantly with other medications.
c. It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen.
d. It is usually relatively inexpensive to produce.
ANS: C
A major benefit of drugs that are easy to administer is that patients taking them are more
likely to comply with the drug regimen. Drugs that are easy to give may have the other
attributes listed, but those properties are independent of ease of administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
REF: Additional Properties of an Ideal Drug: Ease of Administration
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
3. A patient tells the nurse that he was told by the prescriber that the analgesic he is taking is very
effective. Which statement by the patient demonstrates an understanding of the drug’s
effectiveness?
a. “I don’t have to worry about toxicity, since it takes a large amount of this drug to cause an
overdose.”
, b. “It has no side effects and doesn’t interact with other drugs.”
c. “I only have to take it every 12 hours.”
d. “It might make me sleepy, and it lessens pain for several hours at a time.”
ANS: D
A drug is effective if it produces the intended effects, even if it also produces side effects.
Because no drug is completely safe, the level of toxicity does not determine effectiveness. All
drugs have side effects and many react with other substances; these do not affect the drug’s
effectiveness. Ease of administration is independent of a drug’s effectiveness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Properties of an Ideal Drug
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. What are the properties of an ideal drug? (Select all that apply.)
a. Irreversible action
b. Predictability
c. Ease of administration
d. Chemical stability
e. A simple trade name
ANS: B, C, D
In addition to predictability, ease of administration, and chemical stability, other properties
include a reversible action so that any harm the drug may cause can be undone and a simple
generic name, because generic names are usually complex and difficult to remember and
pronounce.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
REF: Properties of an Ideal Drug | Additional Properties of an Ideal Drug
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiologic Integrity: Pharmacologic and Parenteral Therapies
2. Before administering a medication, what does the nurse need to know to evaluate how individual
patient variability might affect the patient’s response to the medication? (Select all that apply.)
a. Chemical stability of the medication
b. Ease of administration
c. Family medical history
d. Patient’s age
e. Patient’s diagnosis
