NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 2
Questions & Answers
1. Pulmonary edema - ANS ✔ - fluid in alveoli, frothy red sputum
2. Atelectasis - ANS ✔ - nonaeration or collapse of lung or part of a lung
3. Pleural effusion - ANS ✔ - fluid in pleural cavity, thoracoentesis to remove fluid and relieve pressure
4. Flail chest - ANS ✔ - ribs move independently during respiration due to rib fractures
5. Infant respiratory distress syndrome - ANS ✔ - premature birth, lack of surfactant production in
alveoli
6. Tidal volume - ANS ✔ - amount of air exchanged with quiet inspiration and expiration
7. Residual volume - ANS ✔ - volume of air remaining in lungs after maximum respiration
8. Vital capacity - ANS ✔ - maximal amount of air that can be moved in and out of lungs with single
forced inspiration and expiration
9. Control of breathing located where in brain - ANS ✔ - brainstem (medulla and pons)
10. Chemoreceptors - ANS ✔ - detect changes in carbon dioxide levels, hydrogen ions, and oxygen levels
in blood or CSF
, 11. Central chemoreceptors located - ANS ✔ - medulla
12. Peripheral chemoreceptors located - ANS ✔ - carotid bodies
13. Hypercapnia - ANS ✔ - carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, CO2 diffuses into CSF, lowers ph
and stimulates respiratory center
14. Hypoxemia - ANS ✔ - Low O2 in blood, chemoreceptors respond, move to hypoxic drive
15. Hypocapnia - ANS ✔ - low CO2 in blood, may be caused by hyperventilation
16. Sneezing symptom of - ANS ✔ - upper respiratory infection
17. Coughing symptom of - ANS ✔ - lower respiratory infection
18. Sputum color yellowish-green - ANS ✔ - bacterial infection
19. Sputum color rusty - ANS ✔ - pneumonia
20. Sputum color red - ANS ✔ - TB, lung cancer
21. Sputum foul odor - ANS ✔ - bronciectasis
22. Hemoptysis frothy sputum - ANS ✔ - pulmonary edema
23. Eupnea - ANS ✔ - normal respirations
Questions & Answers
1. Pulmonary edema - ANS ✔ - fluid in alveoli, frothy red sputum
2. Atelectasis - ANS ✔ - nonaeration or collapse of lung or part of a lung
3. Pleural effusion - ANS ✔ - fluid in pleural cavity, thoracoentesis to remove fluid and relieve pressure
4. Flail chest - ANS ✔ - ribs move independently during respiration due to rib fractures
5. Infant respiratory distress syndrome - ANS ✔ - premature birth, lack of surfactant production in
alveoli
6. Tidal volume - ANS ✔ - amount of air exchanged with quiet inspiration and expiration
7. Residual volume - ANS ✔ - volume of air remaining in lungs after maximum respiration
8. Vital capacity - ANS ✔ - maximal amount of air that can be moved in and out of lungs with single
forced inspiration and expiration
9. Control of breathing located where in brain - ANS ✔ - brainstem (medulla and pons)
10. Chemoreceptors - ANS ✔ - detect changes in carbon dioxide levels, hydrogen ions, and oxygen levels
in blood or CSF
, 11. Central chemoreceptors located - ANS ✔ - medulla
12. Peripheral chemoreceptors located - ANS ✔ - carotid bodies
13. Hypercapnia - ANS ✔ - carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, CO2 diffuses into CSF, lowers ph
and stimulates respiratory center
14. Hypoxemia - ANS ✔ - Low O2 in blood, chemoreceptors respond, move to hypoxic drive
15. Hypocapnia - ANS ✔ - low CO2 in blood, may be caused by hyperventilation
16. Sneezing symptom of - ANS ✔ - upper respiratory infection
17. Coughing symptom of - ANS ✔ - lower respiratory infection
18. Sputum color yellowish-green - ANS ✔ - bacterial infection
19. Sputum color rusty - ANS ✔ - pneumonia
20. Sputum color red - ANS ✔ - TB, lung cancer
21. Sputum foul odor - ANS ✔ - bronciectasis
22. Hemoptysis frothy sputum - ANS ✔ - pulmonary edema
23. Eupnea - ANS ✔ - normal respirations
