APHY 164 FINAL REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Pleural Cavity - ANSWER contains the lungs
pericardial cavity - ANSWER contains the heart
Mediastinum - ANSWER Centrally located space between the lungs
Diaphragm - ANSWER a dome-shaped, muscular partition separating the thorax from
the abdomen in mammals. It plays a major role in breathing, as its contraction increases
the volume of the thorax and so inflates the lungs.
abdominal cavity - ANSWER Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver, and other
organs
pelvic cavity - ANSWER contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and
internal organs of reproduction
cranial cavity - ANSWER contains the brain
Vertebral Cavity (Spinal Cavity) - ANSWER contains the spinal cord
Posterior (dorsal) body cavities - ANSWER cranial and vertebral
Ventral (anterior) body cavities - ANSWER thoracic, abdominal, pelvic
abdominopelvic cavity - ANSWER both the pelvic and abdominal cavities
,Isotopes - ANSWER Different forms of an element that have the same number of protons
but a different number of neutrons.
Atom - ANSWER smallest unit of an element
Atomic mass - ANSWER number of protons and nuetrons
Atomic number - ANSWER number of protons
Nucleus - ANSWER where protons (+) and neutrons (neutral) are located
Electrons - ANSWER located outside the nucleus and have a negative charge.
Covalent Bond - ANSWER atoms that share electrons and are the strongest type of
chemical bond.
Nonpolar - ANSWER covalent bond where electrons are equally shared between the
elements
Polar - ANSWER covalent bond where electrons are unequally shared between the
elements in the bond
Ionic bonds - ANSWER formed by atoms that transfer electrons and the resulting
positive and negative energies are attracted to form an ionic compound
Ions - ANSWER atoms that have gained or lost one or more electrons
Hydrogen bond - ANSWER when a hydrogen is bonded to an electronegative atom it
, becomes slightly positive and is attacted to another electronegative atom (weak)
blood - ANSWER liquid connective tissue, chief means of transport within the body
plasma - ANSWER the liquid matrix found in blood vessels. composed of water and
dissolved substances (ex. plasma proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, gases, regulatory
substances and waste products)
formed elements - ANSWER RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
erythrocytes - ANSWER red blood cells (RBC); no nucleus, contain hemoglobin which
carries oxygen
erythropoiesis - ANSWER production of red blood cells
hematocrit - ANSWER red blood cell volume, usually about 45%
anemia - ANSWER a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is
reduced; characterized by reduced numbers of RBCs or a low amount of hemoglobin
thrombocytes - ANSWER platelets, small cell fragments that facilitate and promote
blood clotting
fibrin - ANSWER sticky string, forms into strands that make a platelet plug grow
stronger
fibrinogen - ANSWER clotting protein precursor that turns into fibrin in the presence of
thrombin and calcium
prothrombin - ANSWER precursor molecule that turns into thrombin in the presence of
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Pleural Cavity - ANSWER contains the lungs
pericardial cavity - ANSWER contains the heart
Mediastinum - ANSWER Centrally located space between the lungs
Diaphragm - ANSWER a dome-shaped, muscular partition separating the thorax from
the abdomen in mammals. It plays a major role in breathing, as its contraction increases
the volume of the thorax and so inflates the lungs.
abdominal cavity - ANSWER Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver, and other
organs
pelvic cavity - ANSWER contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and
internal organs of reproduction
cranial cavity - ANSWER contains the brain
Vertebral Cavity (Spinal Cavity) - ANSWER contains the spinal cord
Posterior (dorsal) body cavities - ANSWER cranial and vertebral
Ventral (anterior) body cavities - ANSWER thoracic, abdominal, pelvic
abdominopelvic cavity - ANSWER both the pelvic and abdominal cavities
,Isotopes - ANSWER Different forms of an element that have the same number of protons
but a different number of neutrons.
Atom - ANSWER smallest unit of an element
Atomic mass - ANSWER number of protons and nuetrons
Atomic number - ANSWER number of protons
Nucleus - ANSWER where protons (+) and neutrons (neutral) are located
Electrons - ANSWER located outside the nucleus and have a negative charge.
Covalent Bond - ANSWER atoms that share electrons and are the strongest type of
chemical bond.
Nonpolar - ANSWER covalent bond where electrons are equally shared between the
elements
Polar - ANSWER covalent bond where electrons are unequally shared between the
elements in the bond
Ionic bonds - ANSWER formed by atoms that transfer electrons and the resulting
positive and negative energies are attracted to form an ionic compound
Ions - ANSWER atoms that have gained or lost one or more electrons
Hydrogen bond - ANSWER when a hydrogen is bonded to an electronegative atom it
, becomes slightly positive and is attacted to another electronegative atom (weak)
blood - ANSWER liquid connective tissue, chief means of transport within the body
plasma - ANSWER the liquid matrix found in blood vessels. composed of water and
dissolved substances (ex. plasma proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, gases, regulatory
substances and waste products)
formed elements - ANSWER RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
erythrocytes - ANSWER red blood cells (RBC); no nucleus, contain hemoglobin which
carries oxygen
erythropoiesis - ANSWER production of red blood cells
hematocrit - ANSWER red blood cell volume, usually about 45%
anemia - ANSWER a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is
reduced; characterized by reduced numbers of RBCs or a low amount of hemoglobin
thrombocytes - ANSWER platelets, small cell fragments that facilitate and promote
blood clotting
fibrin - ANSWER sticky string, forms into strands that make a platelet plug grow
stronger
fibrinogen - ANSWER clotting protein precursor that turns into fibrin in the presence of
thrombin and calcium
prothrombin - ANSWER precursor molecule that turns into thrombin in the presence of
