Hesi A2 Biology Exam Questions With Correct Verified Answers | 100% Pass (A+ Certified)

Alleles Correct Answer alternate versions of a gene Binary Fission Correct Answer type of asexual reproduction; parent cell splits into two identical daughter cells Chromosomes Correct Answer compact rod-shaped bodies located within the nucleus of a cell; contain DNA Codon Correct Answer three-base sequence of messenger RNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Correct Answer a unique molecule specific to a particular organism; it contains the genetic code that is necessary for replication Glycolysis Correct Answer anaerobic breakdown of glucose; first stage in cell respiration Golgi Apparatus Correct Answer cell organelle that packages, processes, and distributes molecules about or from the cell Heterozygous Correct Answer trait in an organism that contains different alleles Homozygous Correct Answer trait in an organism that contains identical alleles Interphase Correct Answer stage of the cell cycle during which growth and DNA synthesis occur Meiosis Correct Answer the special cell division that takes place in the gonads (the ovaries and testes). In the process of _______, the chromosome number is reduced from 46 to 23, so when the egg and the sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the correct number of chromosomes Organelles Correct Answer any of many cell "organs" or organized components Phagocytosis Correct Answer process in which cells engulf food particles through the cell membrane Phospholipids Correct Answer phosphate-containing fat molecule; forms the bilayer of cell membrane Photosynthesis Correct Answer chemical process that converts light energy to synthesize carbohydrates Punnett Square Correct Answer grid used to predict genotype and phenotype of the offspring of sexual reproduction. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Correct Answer nucleic acid found in both nucleus and cytoplasm of cell; occurs in three forms: mRNA, ribosomal RNA, and tRNA. Rough ER Correct Answer section of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that is covered with ribosomes; responsible for protein synthesis and membrane production Smooth ER Correct Answer section of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that lacks ribosomes; functions in detoxification and metabolism of multiple molecules Steroids Correct Answer lipids that is a component of a cell membrane; many _________ are precursors to significant hormones Transcription Correct Answer process during protein synthesis in which the DNA molecule is used as a template to form mRNA Transfer RNA (DNA) Correct Answer RNA involved in protein synthesis; transfers a specific amino acid to the ribosome and binds it to mRNA Biologic Molecules Correct Answer carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids Carbohydrates Correct Answer are long chains, or polymers, of sugars. They have many functions and serve many different purposes. The most important of these are storage, structure, and energy. Proteins Correct Answer amino acids Amino Acids Correct Answer are the largest biological molecules.Enzymes are particular types of proteins that act to catalyze different reactions or processes.