Oceanography Chapter 4 - Composition of the Oceans' Waters Exam
Questions and Answers With complete solution–Expert Verified | Latest
Questions 2025-2026
What catastrophic event is believed to have changed the world's oceans and continents
according to creation scientists? - The Genesis Flood.
What is the primary difference between seawater and freshwater? - Seawater is salty.
What is salinity? - A measurement of the total amount of dissolved solids or minerals in
water.
How much salt is contained in every 1,000 grams of ocean water? - 35 grams of salt.
What is the estimated amount of salt in a cubic mile of ocean water? - 166 million tons.
What would happen if all the seawater evaporated? - The 46 quadrillion tons of salt
would cover the surface area of the seven continents with almost 420 feet of salt.
What is the main source of dissolved salts in the oceans? - Erosion and weathering of
crustal rocks.
What are 'excess volatiles' and where are they found? - Chemicals like fluorine,
hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur found in the deep layers of the earth.
What is the role of a salinometer? - To measure the salinity or salt content of a liquid.
What is marine or ocean chemistry? - The study of the chemical makeup of the seas
influenced by various factors.
What percentage of all water on the surface of the earth is seawater? - Approximately
97%.
Why are the oceans becoming saltier over time? - Due to runoff from surface
weathering and erosion of crustal rocks.
What happens to the body if seawater is consumed over time? - It can lead to
dehydration due to the high salt content.
What organs regulate the amount of water and salt in the blood? - The kidneys.
What is the significance of the Genesis Flood in relation to ocean composition? - It is
believed to have caused the current deep oceans and tall mountains.
, What is the total weight of oxygen in the oceans per cubic mile? - 4,037,000,000 tons.
What is the total weight of hydrogen in the oceans per cubic mile? - 509,000,000 tons.
What is the total weight of sodium in the oceans per cubic mile? - 49,500,000 tons.
What is the total weight of chlorine in the oceans per cubic mile? - 89,500,000 tons.
What is the total weight of magnesium in the oceans per cubic mile? - 6,125,000 tons.
What is the total weight of calcium in the oceans per cubic mile? - 1,880,000 tons.
What is the total weight of potassium in the oceans per cubic mile? - 1,790,000 tons.
How do kidneys remove excess salt from the body? - They utilize more than one million
tiny filtering units that require a plentiful supply of fresh water.
What happens if you drink seawater? - Your kidneys would require at least three liters of
fresh water to wash out the excess salt, leading to dehydration.
What survival kit do naval aviators carry for desalination? - An ingenious desalination kit
composed of a small cake of resin and activated charcoal that absorbs salt through ion
exchange.
What did the Challenger expedition find about the chemical makeup of ocean water? -
The chemical makeup of ocean water is the same everywhere.
How does the Amazon River affect the salinity of the Atlantic Ocean? - The Amazon
discharges a large volume of freshwater, decreasing the salinity of the ocean
surrounding its mouth.
How do animals in the open ocean survive without drinking fresh water? - Many
creatures, such as seabirds and reptiles, have specially designed salt glands that
remove excess salt.
What was the historical significance of salt? - Salt was once as precious as gold, used
as currency, and essential for preserving food.
What is the oldest method of extracting salt from seawater? - Evaporation.
Where are large evaporation ponds for salt extraction located? - Near San Francisco
Bay, the Great Salt Lake in Utah, and in countries like India, China, France, and Japan.
What is thermohaline circulation (THC)? - A process driven by large density gradients in
the oceans that regulates carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and controls sea ice.
Questions and Answers With complete solution–Expert Verified | Latest
Questions 2025-2026
What catastrophic event is believed to have changed the world's oceans and continents
according to creation scientists? - The Genesis Flood.
What is the primary difference between seawater and freshwater? - Seawater is salty.
What is salinity? - A measurement of the total amount of dissolved solids or minerals in
water.
How much salt is contained in every 1,000 grams of ocean water? - 35 grams of salt.
What is the estimated amount of salt in a cubic mile of ocean water? - 166 million tons.
What would happen if all the seawater evaporated? - The 46 quadrillion tons of salt
would cover the surface area of the seven continents with almost 420 feet of salt.
What is the main source of dissolved salts in the oceans? - Erosion and weathering of
crustal rocks.
What are 'excess volatiles' and where are they found? - Chemicals like fluorine,
hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur found in the deep layers of the earth.
What is the role of a salinometer? - To measure the salinity or salt content of a liquid.
What is marine or ocean chemistry? - The study of the chemical makeup of the seas
influenced by various factors.
What percentage of all water on the surface of the earth is seawater? - Approximately
97%.
Why are the oceans becoming saltier over time? - Due to runoff from surface
weathering and erosion of crustal rocks.
What happens to the body if seawater is consumed over time? - It can lead to
dehydration due to the high salt content.
What organs regulate the amount of water and salt in the blood? - The kidneys.
What is the significance of the Genesis Flood in relation to ocean composition? - It is
believed to have caused the current deep oceans and tall mountains.
, What is the total weight of oxygen in the oceans per cubic mile? - 4,037,000,000 tons.
What is the total weight of hydrogen in the oceans per cubic mile? - 509,000,000 tons.
What is the total weight of sodium in the oceans per cubic mile? - 49,500,000 tons.
What is the total weight of chlorine in the oceans per cubic mile? - 89,500,000 tons.
What is the total weight of magnesium in the oceans per cubic mile? - 6,125,000 tons.
What is the total weight of calcium in the oceans per cubic mile? - 1,880,000 tons.
What is the total weight of potassium in the oceans per cubic mile? - 1,790,000 tons.
How do kidneys remove excess salt from the body? - They utilize more than one million
tiny filtering units that require a plentiful supply of fresh water.
What happens if you drink seawater? - Your kidneys would require at least three liters of
fresh water to wash out the excess salt, leading to dehydration.
What survival kit do naval aviators carry for desalination? - An ingenious desalination kit
composed of a small cake of resin and activated charcoal that absorbs salt through ion
exchange.
What did the Challenger expedition find about the chemical makeup of ocean water? -
The chemical makeup of ocean water is the same everywhere.
How does the Amazon River affect the salinity of the Atlantic Ocean? - The Amazon
discharges a large volume of freshwater, decreasing the salinity of the ocean
surrounding its mouth.
How do animals in the open ocean survive without drinking fresh water? - Many
creatures, such as seabirds and reptiles, have specially designed salt glands that
remove excess salt.
What was the historical significance of salt? - Salt was once as precious as gold, used
as currency, and essential for preserving food.
What is the oldest method of extracting salt from seawater? - Evaporation.
Where are large evaporation ponds for salt extraction located? - Near San Francisco
Bay, the Great Salt Lake in Utah, and in countries like India, China, France, and Japan.
What is thermohaline circulation (THC)? - A process driven by large density gradients in
the oceans that regulates carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and controls sea ice.
