NR 283 Pathophysiology-Final Exam Concept Review (Version 1)

lOMoAR cPSD| 55611077




NR 283 Pathophysiology-Final Exam Concept Review
(Version 1)
Pathophysiology (Chamberlain University)
A A




ScannenAomAteAopenenAopAStudeersnel




StudeersnelAwordtAnietAgesponsordAofAondersteundAdoorAeenAhogeschoolAofAuniversiteit
GedownloadAdoorAShaniyaAShabuAYohannanA()

, lOMoAR cPSD| 55611077




NRA283AFinalAExamAConceptAReviewA/ANR283APathophysiologyAFinalAExamAStudyAGuideA(Latest):
Pathophysiology:AChamberlain

(Complete solutions and resources for the course exam)
A A A A A A A




NRA283APathophysiology
FinalAExamAConceptAReview
***ForAallApreviousAcontentAcoveredAonApreviousAexams,ApleaseAconsultAyourApreviousAconceptAreviewAs
heets.AThisAisAnotAanAall-
inclusiveAlistAforAtopicsAtoAbeAcovered.APleaseAbeAsureAtoAconsultAyourAsyllabusAandAlearningAplan.AThisAi
sAaAcomprehensiveAfinal.
***BeAsureAtoAcoverApathophysiology,Aetiology,AclinicalAmanifestations,AnursingAconsiderations,Adiagnos
ticAtestsAforAtheAfollowingAtopics:
Endocrine
SIADH-
ASyndromeAof AInappropriateADiureticAHormoneATooAmuchAADHA(antidiureticAhormoneA)Asecre

tionAleadsAtoAwaterAintoxicationAandAhyponatremia
CausesAincludeAtrauma,Astroke,AmalignanciesA(oftenAinAtheAlungsAorApancreas),Amedications,AandAstress
S/SAincludeAsignsAofAfluidAvolumeAoverload,AchangesAinAlevelAofAconsciousnessAandAmentalAstatusAchan
ges,AweightAgain,Ahypertension,Atachycardia,Aanorexia,Anausea,Avomiting,Ahyponatremia,AconcentratedAur
ine,AdecreasedAurineAoutput,AserumAosmolalityAdecreased
NursingAconsiderationsAincludeAmonitoringAvitalAsignsAandAcardiacAandAneurologicalAstatus,Aprovidin
gAaAsafeAenvironment,AparticularlyAforAtheApatientAwithAchangesAinAlevelAofAconsciousnessAorAmentalAst
atus,AmonitoringAintakeAandAoutputAandAweightAdaily;AmonitoringAfluidAandAelectrolyteAbalance,Amonit
oringAserumAandAurineAosmolality;ArestrictionAofAfluids


DIA(DiabetesAInsipidus)-
KidneyAtubulesAfailAtoAreabsorbAwaterAEtiologyAincludesAstrok
A



eAorAtraumaAorAmayAbeAidiopathic
S/SAincludeAexcretionAofAlargeAamountsAofAdiluteAurine,Apolydipsia,AdehydrationA(decreasedAskinAturgorA
andAdryAmucousAmembranes),AinabilityAtoAconcentrateAurine,AincreasedAurineAoutput,AurineAveryAdilute,AL
owAurinaryAspecificAgravity,Afatigue,AmuscleApainAandAweakness,Aheadache,AposturalAhypotensionAthatAm
ayAprogressAtoAvascularAcollapseAwithoutArehydration,Atachycardia,Ahypernatremia
NursingAConsiderations:AmonitorAvitalAsignsAandAneurologicalAandAcardiovascularAstatus,AprovideAaAsa
feAenvironment,AparticularlyAforAtheApatientAwithAposturalAhypotension;AmonitorAelectrolyteAlevelsAandAf
orAsignsAofAdehydration;AmaintainApatientAintakeAofAadequateAfluids;AmonitorAintakeAandAouput,Aweight,A
serumAosmolalityAandAspecificAgravityAofAurine;AinstructAtheApatientAtoAavoidAfoodsAand/orAliquidsAthatAp
roduceAdiuresis


Hyperthyroidism-
ATooAmuchAthyroidAhormoneA(T3AandAT4)ACharacterizedAbyAanAincreasedArateAofAbodyAmetabolism

,GedownloadAdoorAShaniyaAShabuAYohannanA()

, lOMoAR cPSD| 55611077




CommonAcauseAisAGraves’Adisease,AalsoAknownAasAtoxicAdiffuseAgoiter
S/SAinclude:ApersonalityAchangesAsuchAasAirritability,AagitationAandAmoodAswings,AnervousnessAandAfine
AtremorsAofAtheAhands,AheatAintolerance,AweightAloss,Asmooth,AsoftAskinAandAhair,Apalpitations,AcardiacAd

ysrhythmiasAsuchAasAtachycardiaAorAatrialAfibrillation,Adiarrhea,AprotrudingAeyeballsA(exophthalmos)Ama
yAbeApresent,AdiaphoresisA(sweating),Ahypertension,AenlargedAthyroidAglandA(goiter)
NursingAConsiderations:AProvideAadequateArest,AprovideAaAcoolAandAquietAenvironment,AprovideAaAhi
gh-
calorieAdiet,AobtainAdailyAweight,AavoidAadministrationAofAstimulants,AadministerAsedativesAasAprescrib
ed,AadministerAantithyroidAmedications,AadministerAbloodApressureAmedicationAforAtachycardia,Aprepar
eAforAthyroidectomyAifAprescribed


Hypothyroidism-
AHyposecretionAofAthyroidAhormonesA(T3AandAT4)ACharacterizedAbyAaAdecreasedArateAofAbodyAmetaboli

sm
Causes:AautoimmuneAdisease,AtreatmentAforAhyperthyroidism,AradiationAtherapy,AthyroidAsurgery,Acert
ainAmedications
S/S:Alethargy,Afatigue,Aweakness,AmuscleAaches,Aparesthesias,AintoleranceAtoAcold,AweightAgain,AdryAs
kinAandAhairAandAlossAofAbodyAhair,Abradycardia,Aconstipation,AgeneralizedApuffinessAandAedemaAarou
ndAtheAeyesAandAfaceA(myxedema),AforgetfulnessAandAlossAofAmemory,AmenstrualAdisturbances,Acardi
acAenlargement,AtendencyAtoAdevelopAheartAfailure,AgoiterAmayAorAmayAnotAbeApresent


Hyperparathyroidism-AHypersecretionAofAparathyroidAhormoneA(PTH)
Causes:ATumor,AHyperplasia,AGenetics;AsecondaryAcauses-
severeAcalciumAorAvitaminADAdeficiency,AchronicAkidneyAfailure
S/S:AHypercalcemiaAandAhypophosphatemia,AfatigueAandAmuscleAweakness,AskeletalApainAandAtenderne
ss,AboneAdeformitiesAthatAresultAinApathologicalAfractures,Aanorexia,Anausea,Avomiting,AepigastricApain,A
weightAloss,Aconstipation,Ahypertension,AcardiacAdysrhythmias,ArenalAstones
NursingAConsiderations:AMonitorAvitalAsigns,AparticularlyAbloodApressure;AmonitorAforAcardiacAdysrhythmia
s,AmonitorAforAintakeAandAoutputAandAforAsignsAofArenalAstones,AmonitorAskeletalApain,AmoveAtheApatientAslow
lyAandAcarefully;AencourageAfluidAintake,AadministerAfurosemideA(Lasix)AasAprescribedAtoAlowerAcalciumAleve
ls,AadministerAphosphates,AwhichAinterfereAwithAcalciumAreabsorptionAasAprescribed,AadministerAcalcitoninAas
AprescribedAtoAdecreaseAtheAskeletalAcalciumAreleaseAandAincreaseArenalAexcretionAofAcalcium,AmonitorAcalciu

mAandAphosphorusAlevels,AprepareAtheApatientAforAparathyroidectomyAasAprescribed


Hypoparathyroidism-HyposecretionAofAparathyroidAhormoneA(PTH)
CanAoccurAfollowingAaAthyroidectomyAbecauseAofAremovalAofAparathyroidAtissue
S/S:AHypocalcemiaAandAhyperphosphatemia,AnumbnessAandAtinglingAinAtheAface,AmuscleAcrampsAandAcr
ampsAinAtheAabdomenAorAextremities,ApositiveATrousseau’sAandAChvostek’sAsign,AsignsAofAovertAtetanyAs
uchAasAbronchospasm,Alaryngospasm,AcarpopedalAspasm,Adysphagia,Aphotophobia,AcardiacAdysrhythmia
s,Aseizures;Ahypotension,Aanxiety,Airritability,Adepression
NursingAConsiderations:AMonitorAvitalAsigns,AmonitorAforAsignsAofAhypocalcemiaAandAtetany,AinitiateAseizu
reAprecautions,AplaceAaAtracheostomyAset,AoxygenAandAsuctioningAequipmentAatAbedside,AprepareAtoAadmini
sterAcalciumAgluconateAintravenouslyAforAhypocalcemia,AprovideAaAhigh-calcium,Alow-phosphorus