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Samenvatting biochemie cel II - eiwitten structuur en functie

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eiwitten structuur en functie

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Eiwitten, structuur en functie




Architectuur van eiwitten


Inleiding
Proteïnen  polymeren van aminozuren

Polypeptideketens kunnen voorkomen als
- Primaire structuur
- Secundaire structuur
- Tertiaire structuur (=3D)


Opdeling van eiwitten
Globulair Compacte, bolvormige structuur  3D-conformatie
Fibrillair Vezelachtig, lineair


Illustratie van verschillende structuurniveaus




Bv huis = tertiaire structuur, compartimenten = secundair en bakstenen =
primair


Essentiële aminozuren
10 essentiële AZ  mens kan ze niet zelf aanmaken

PRIVATE TIM HALL
met HIS en ARG

,L-alanine = meest dominant, maar D-alanine speelt ook een rol in natuur
(alanine is een niet-essentieel AZ)


Opbouw eiwit
bv glycine (R = H)




Hydrofobe aminozuren

,  Alifatische zijketens (enkel c- en h-atomen)




Alanine  CH3
Valine  CH met 2xCH3 groepen erop
Leucine  CH2 met CH en 2xCH3 groepen erop
Isoleucine  Ch met CH3 en CH2-CH3

 Aromatische zijketens




Fenylalanine  CH2 met ring
Tyrosine  CH2 met ring-OH (PKa = 10)
Tryptofaan  CH2 met indolring (=vijfring op zesring)




 Zwavelbinding




Methionine  CH2
met CH2-S-CH2
Cysteine  CH2 met SH (PKa = 9)


Hydrofiele zijketens (de geladen varianten)
Negatieve
ladingen:

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