HRM 411 FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
5 rSteps rof rthe rOD rProcess r- rcorrect ranswers r-1 r- rIdentify ropportunities ror
rproblems
2 r- rDig r& rDiagnose
3 r- rSelect rSolutions
4 r- rImplement rChange
5 r- rEvaluate r& rSustain rChange
Step r1 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rIdentify rOpportunities ror rProblems r- rcorrect ranswers r-
Identify rareas rfor rimprovement rwithin rthe rorganization rby rgathering rdata, rgetting
rfeedback rfrom rstakeholders, rand rpinpointing rthe rgap rbetween rcurrent rand rdesired
rperformance rlevels.
Step r2 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rDig r& rDiagnose r- rcorrect ranswers r-In rthis rstep, rwe
rfigure rout rwhy rthe rproblems ror ropportunities rare rhappening. rWe rmight rdo rsurveys,
,rinterviews, rfocus rgroups, rand rlook rat rdata rto runderstand rwhat's rreally rgoing ron rin
rthe rorganization.
Step r3 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rSelect rSolutions r- rcorrect ranswers r-Once rwe rknow rthe
rproblems, rwe rfind rways rto rfix rthem. rThis rcould rmean rchanging rhow rthings rwork,
rtraining rleaders, ror radjusting rthe rculture. rWe rpick rsolutions rbased ron rwhat's rwrong
rand rwhat rfits rthe rorganization's rgoals rand rvalues.
Step r4 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rImplement rChange r- rcorrect ranswers r-Once rwe've
rchosen rwhat rto rdo, rit's rtime rto rmake rit rhappen. rWe rmake ra rplan, rassign
rresources, rtell reveryone, rand rget rgoing. rGood rcommunication rand rmanagement
rare rkey rto rmaking rsure rthe rchanges rwork rout.
Step r5 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rEvaluate r& rSustain rChange r- rcorrect ranswers r-In rthe
rend, rwe rcheck rif rthe rchanges rworked. rWe ruse rfeedback rand rmetrics rto rsee rtheir
rimpact. rWe ralso rplan rto rkeep rthe rchanges rgoing rby rtracking rprogress, roffering
rsupport, rand radjusting ras rneeded rfor rlasting rsuccess rand rimprovement.
Definition rof ra rChange rSponsor r- rcorrect ranswers r-- rTypically ra rleader rwithin rthe
rorganization rwith rauthority rover rthe rpart rwhere rchange roccurs.
r
- rAlso rhave rthe rinfluence rand rresources rto rensure rchange rsuccess.
What ris rthe rpurpose rof ra rgap ranalysis? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Gap ranalysis rpinpoints
rdifferences rbetween rwhere ran rorganization ris rnow rand rwhere rit rwants rto rbe. rIt
rclarifies rthe rpath rforward, rguiding rdecisions rand rgoal-setting rto rdrive rimprovement
rand rchange.
What ris ra rproblem rgap? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Problem rgaps rare rdifferences rbetween
rwhere rthings rare rnow rand rwhere rthey rshould rbe, rcausing rissues rthat rneed rfixing.
rThey rfocus ron rresolving rexisting rproblems ror rinefficiencies rwithin rthe rorganization,
rhindering rprogress rtoward rgoals.
What ris ran ropportunity rgap? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Opportunity rgaps rare rareas rwhere
rimprovements rcan rbe rmade rto rboost rsuccess ror rseize remerging ropportunities.
rThey rspotlight runtapped rpotential rfor rgrowth rand rinnovation rwithin rthe rorganization,
raimed rat renhancing rperformance rand rachieving rstrategic rgoals.
What ris rthe rdistinction rbetween rproblem rgaps rand ropportunity rgaps? r- rcorrect
ranswers r-In ressence, rproblem rgaps rfocus ron rresolving rexisting rissues, rwhile
ropportunity rgaps rfocus ron ridentifying rareas rfor rimprovement rand rinnovation.
Cause rAnalysis r- r5 rWhy's rTechnique r- rcorrect ranswers r-- rIteratively rasks r"why"
rabout rperformance rgap rcauses.
r- rMay rreveal rmultiple rroot rcauses.
, What ris rthe rpurpose rof rcause ranalysis? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Cause ranalysis rdigs
rdeep rinto rwhy rproblems rhappen rin ran rorganization, raiming rto runderstand rand
raddress rtheir rroot rcauses. rIt rhelps rmake rinformed rdecisions, rimplement rlasting
rsolutions, rand rprevent rsimilar rissues rin rthe rfuture.
What rare rthe rproximate rcauses rof rcause ranalysis? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Proximate
rcauses rare rthe rdirect rfactors rthat rimmediately rlead rto ra rproblem. rThey're rthe
revents ror rconditions rright rbefore rthe rissue, roften rvisible rand reasier rto ridentify
rbecause rthey're rclosest rto rthe rproblem.
What rare rthe rroot rcauses rof rcause ranalysis? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Root rcauses rare
rthe rmain rreasons rwhy rproblems rhappen rin rthe rfirst rplace. rThey're rthe rdeeper
rissues rthat rmake rimmediate rproblems roccur rand rpersist. rFiguring rout rroot rcauses
rmeans rlooking rat rthe rbigger rpicture rto rfind rout rwhy rimmediate rissues rhappen rin
rthe rfirst rplace.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rLink rRoot rCauses rto rSymptoms r-
rcorrect ranswers r-Connect reach rroot rcause rto rthe rsymptoms ror rissues rit rgenerates
rwithin rthe rorganization. rThis rcorrelation rhelps rin runderstanding rthe rimpact rof
raddressing rthese rroot rcauses.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rBrainstorm rSolutions r- rcorrect
ranswers r-Generate ra rlist rof rpotential rsolutions ror rstrategies rthat rdirectly rtarget
reach rroot rcause. rEncourage rdiverse rperspectives rand rcreative rthinking rto rexplore
rvarious ralternatives.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rPrioritize rSolutions r- rcorrect ranswers
r-Evaluate rand rprioritize rthe ridentified rsolutions rbased ron rfeasibility, rimpact,
rcosteffectiveness, rand ralignment rwith rorganizational rgoals. rFocus ron rsolutions rthat
raddress rroot rcauses reffectively.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rDevelop rAction rPlans r- rcorrect
ranswers r-Create rdetailed raction rplans rfor rimplementing rthe rchosen rsolutions.
rDefine rclear rsteps, rresponsibilities, rtimelines, rand rresources rrequired rfor reach
rsolution.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rMonitor rProgress r- rcorrect ranswers r-
Implement rmechanisms rto rmonitor rthe rprogress rof rthe rchange rinitiatives. rRegularly
revaluate rthe reffectiveness rof rthe rsolutions rin rmitigating rthe rroot rcauses rand
rachieving rthe rdesired routcomes.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rAdjust rand rFineTune r- rcorrect
ranswers r-Be rprepared rto radjust rand rfinetune rthe rchange rsolutions ras rneeded
rbased ron rongoing rfeedback, rperformance rdata, rand revolving rorganizational rneeds.
rFlexibility ris rkey rto radapting rto runforeseen rchallenges.
AND ANSWERS
5 rSteps rof rthe rOD rProcess r- rcorrect ranswers r-1 r- rIdentify ropportunities ror
rproblems
2 r- rDig r& rDiagnose
3 r- rSelect rSolutions
4 r- rImplement rChange
5 r- rEvaluate r& rSustain rChange
Step r1 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rIdentify rOpportunities ror rProblems r- rcorrect ranswers r-
Identify rareas rfor rimprovement rwithin rthe rorganization rby rgathering rdata, rgetting
rfeedback rfrom rstakeholders, rand rpinpointing rthe rgap rbetween rcurrent rand rdesired
rperformance rlevels.
Step r2 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rDig r& rDiagnose r- rcorrect ranswers r-In rthis rstep, rwe
rfigure rout rwhy rthe rproblems ror ropportunities rare rhappening. rWe rmight rdo rsurveys,
,rinterviews, rfocus rgroups, rand rlook rat rdata rto runderstand rwhat's rreally rgoing ron rin
rthe rorganization.
Step r3 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rSelect rSolutions r- rcorrect ranswers r-Once rwe rknow rthe
rproblems, rwe rfind rways rto rfix rthem. rThis rcould rmean rchanging rhow rthings rwork,
rtraining rleaders, ror radjusting rthe rculture. rWe rpick rsolutions rbased ron rwhat's rwrong
rand rwhat rfits rthe rorganization's rgoals rand rvalues.
Step r4 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rImplement rChange r- rcorrect ranswers r-Once rwe've
rchosen rwhat rto rdo, rit's rtime rto rmake rit rhappen. rWe rmake ra rplan, rassign
rresources, rtell reveryone, rand rget rgoing. rGood rcommunication rand rmanagement
rare rkey rto rmaking rsure rthe rchanges rwork rout.
Step r5 rof rthe rOD rProcess: rEvaluate r& rSustain rChange r- rcorrect ranswers r-In rthe
rend, rwe rcheck rif rthe rchanges rworked. rWe ruse rfeedback rand rmetrics rto rsee rtheir
rimpact. rWe ralso rplan rto rkeep rthe rchanges rgoing rby rtracking rprogress, roffering
rsupport, rand radjusting ras rneeded rfor rlasting rsuccess rand rimprovement.
Definition rof ra rChange rSponsor r- rcorrect ranswers r-- rTypically ra rleader rwithin rthe
rorganization rwith rauthority rover rthe rpart rwhere rchange roccurs.
r
- rAlso rhave rthe rinfluence rand rresources rto rensure rchange rsuccess.
What ris rthe rpurpose rof ra rgap ranalysis? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Gap ranalysis rpinpoints
rdifferences rbetween rwhere ran rorganization ris rnow rand rwhere rit rwants rto rbe. rIt
rclarifies rthe rpath rforward, rguiding rdecisions rand rgoal-setting rto rdrive rimprovement
rand rchange.
What ris ra rproblem rgap? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Problem rgaps rare rdifferences rbetween
rwhere rthings rare rnow rand rwhere rthey rshould rbe, rcausing rissues rthat rneed rfixing.
rThey rfocus ron rresolving rexisting rproblems ror rinefficiencies rwithin rthe rorganization,
rhindering rprogress rtoward rgoals.
What ris ran ropportunity rgap? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Opportunity rgaps rare rareas rwhere
rimprovements rcan rbe rmade rto rboost rsuccess ror rseize remerging ropportunities.
rThey rspotlight runtapped rpotential rfor rgrowth rand rinnovation rwithin rthe rorganization,
raimed rat renhancing rperformance rand rachieving rstrategic rgoals.
What ris rthe rdistinction rbetween rproblem rgaps rand ropportunity rgaps? r- rcorrect
ranswers r-In ressence, rproblem rgaps rfocus ron rresolving rexisting rissues, rwhile
ropportunity rgaps rfocus ron ridentifying rareas rfor rimprovement rand rinnovation.
Cause rAnalysis r- r5 rWhy's rTechnique r- rcorrect ranswers r-- rIteratively rasks r"why"
rabout rperformance rgap rcauses.
r- rMay rreveal rmultiple rroot rcauses.
, What ris rthe rpurpose rof rcause ranalysis? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Cause ranalysis rdigs
rdeep rinto rwhy rproblems rhappen rin ran rorganization, raiming rto runderstand rand
raddress rtheir rroot rcauses. rIt rhelps rmake rinformed rdecisions, rimplement rlasting
rsolutions, rand rprevent rsimilar rissues rin rthe rfuture.
What rare rthe rproximate rcauses rof rcause ranalysis? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Proximate
rcauses rare rthe rdirect rfactors rthat rimmediately rlead rto ra rproblem. rThey're rthe
revents ror rconditions rright rbefore rthe rissue, roften rvisible rand reasier rto ridentify
rbecause rthey're rclosest rto rthe rproblem.
What rare rthe rroot rcauses rof rcause ranalysis? r- rcorrect ranswers r-Root rcauses rare
rthe rmain rreasons rwhy rproblems rhappen rin rthe rfirst rplace. rThey're rthe rdeeper
rissues rthat rmake rimmediate rproblems roccur rand rpersist. rFiguring rout rroot rcauses
rmeans rlooking rat rthe rbigger rpicture rto rfind rout rwhy rimmediate rissues rhappen rin
rthe rfirst rplace.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rLink rRoot rCauses rto rSymptoms r-
rcorrect ranswers r-Connect reach rroot rcause rto rthe rsymptoms ror rissues rit rgenerates
rwithin rthe rorganization. rThis rcorrelation rhelps rin runderstanding rthe rimpact rof
raddressing rthese rroot rcauses.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rBrainstorm rSolutions r- rcorrect
ranswers r-Generate ra rlist rof rpotential rsolutions ror rstrategies rthat rdirectly rtarget
reach rroot rcause. rEncourage rdiverse rperspectives rand rcreative rthinking rto rexplore
rvarious ralternatives.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rPrioritize rSolutions r- rcorrect ranswers
r-Evaluate rand rprioritize rthe ridentified rsolutions rbased ron rfeasibility, rimpact,
rcosteffectiveness, rand ralignment rwith rorganizational rgoals. rFocus ron rsolutions rthat
raddress rroot rcauses reffectively.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rDevelop rAction rPlans r- rcorrect
ranswers r-Create rdetailed raction rplans rfor rimplementing rthe rchosen rsolutions.
rDefine rclear rsteps, rresponsibilities, rtimelines, rand rresources rrequired rfor reach
rsolution.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rMonitor rProgress r- rcorrect ranswers r-
Implement rmechanisms rto rmonitor rthe rprogress rof rthe rchange rinitiatives. rRegularly
revaluate rthe reffectiveness rof rthe rsolutions rin rmitigating rthe rroot rcauses rand
rachieving rthe rdesired routcomes.
Possible rchange rsolutions rusing rroot rcauses: rAdjust rand rFineTune r- rcorrect
ranswers r-Be rprepared rto radjust rand rfinetune rthe rchange rsolutions ras rneeded
rbased ron rongoing rfeedback, rperformance rdata, rand revolving rorganizational rneeds.
rFlexibility ris rkey rto radapting rto runforeseen rchallenges.
