PSYC 230 UIUC EXAMINATION FOR TEST 2 INCLUDING
ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS FOR
STUDENTS ENROLLED IN COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
Response to the sound stimulus: the source's periodic changes in air pressure
Answer: Sound waves are waves of pressure changes in the atmosphere caused
by a source's vibration.
A material (solid, liquid, gas, or a combination of these) that a wave passes
through is called a medium of sound. Sound moves four times quicker through
water than it does through air.
Pure tones: ANSWER A sine-wave-shaped sound wave produced by variations
in air pressure.
The difference between a wave's peak and baseline (wave height) is known as
its amplitude.
ANSWER Perceptual experience of amplitude loudness
Loud noises can be harmful. ANSWER Extended exposure to noise levels
above 85 dB can lead to hearing damage. Noise levels over 120 dB are
uncomfortable. Hearing loss that is instantaneous and permanent is typically
caused by sounds that are louder than 130 dB.
The number of cycles in a sound stimulus that take place in a second is known
as the frequency.
Pitch-ANSWER The individual's perception of frequency
What unit of measurement is used for sound amplitude? ANSWER Hz (Hertz)
,What is the human hearing range, and how does it alter as people age? The
response is 20–20,000 Hz. Hearing in the highest range deteriorates with
ageing. As people age, the lowest frequencies usually stay constant.
ANSWER The tympanic membrane (eardrum), external auditory canal, and
pinna
Answer: Pinna gathers sound and directs it into the auditory canal.
The external auditory canal (ANSWER) enhances particular sound frequencies
and carries sound to the tympanic membrane.
The eardrum, or tympanic membrane, is a thin elastic sheet.
ANSWER: Eustachian tube middle ear
Tympani Tensor
The Stapedius
Ossicles:
Malleus (hammer)
Incus (anvil)
Stirrup, or stapes
The middle ear and the pharynx are connected via the eustachian tube. balances
the air pressure over the eardrum.
The muscles that are connected to the malleus and stapes are called the tensor
tympani and stapedius.
Incus (anvil): ANSWER The stapes receives vibrations from the middle bone,
which is attached to the malleus and hammer.
Ossicles: ANSWER Three little bones in the middle ear that mechanically
conduct sound with the intention of amplifying it
Affixed to the tympanic membrane, the malleus (hammer) acts on the incus.
, Stapes (stirrups): ANSWER Vibrates against the oval window, producing
pressure waves that cause hair cells on the cochlea's basilar membrane to
transduce.
The ANSWER role of the inner ear is to convert sound into a neuronal signal.
The hair cells that convert sound into a neurological signal are housed in the
cochlea, a snail-shaped structure of the inner ear.
The tympanic canal is one of the cochlea's three fluid-filled chambers. Down it,
vibrations travel.
The middle canal is one of the cochlea's three fluid-filled passageways. between
the vestibular and tympanic canals.
Vestibular canal: ANSWER One of the three chambers of the cochlea that are
filled with fluid. It transmits vibrations, although the tympanic canal does not.
Reissner's membrane: ANSWER A thin layer of tissue that divides the cochlea's
middle and vestibular canals.
The base of the basilar membrane, which is made up of fibres, houses the
crucial cells involved in transduction. includes the cortical organ.
The tectorial membrane is a gelatinous flap that extends into the middle canal of
the ear and is attached on one end.
The cochlea's ANSWER Centre is an organ of corti that has hair cells, canals,
and membranes.
Hair cells are the cochlea's ANSWER receptor cells for hearing.
Stereocilia are ANSWER hairlike projections on the tips of cochlear hair cells
that, when flexed, cause neurotransmitters to be released.
Answer: Inner hair cells provide the brain with nearly all information regarding
sound waves.
ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS FOR
STUDENTS ENROLLED IN COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
Response to the sound stimulus: the source's periodic changes in air pressure
Answer: Sound waves are waves of pressure changes in the atmosphere caused
by a source's vibration.
A material (solid, liquid, gas, or a combination of these) that a wave passes
through is called a medium of sound. Sound moves four times quicker through
water than it does through air.
Pure tones: ANSWER A sine-wave-shaped sound wave produced by variations
in air pressure.
The difference between a wave's peak and baseline (wave height) is known as
its amplitude.
ANSWER Perceptual experience of amplitude loudness
Loud noises can be harmful. ANSWER Extended exposure to noise levels
above 85 dB can lead to hearing damage. Noise levels over 120 dB are
uncomfortable. Hearing loss that is instantaneous and permanent is typically
caused by sounds that are louder than 130 dB.
The number of cycles in a sound stimulus that take place in a second is known
as the frequency.
Pitch-ANSWER The individual's perception of frequency
What unit of measurement is used for sound amplitude? ANSWER Hz (Hertz)
,What is the human hearing range, and how does it alter as people age? The
response is 20–20,000 Hz. Hearing in the highest range deteriorates with
ageing. As people age, the lowest frequencies usually stay constant.
ANSWER The tympanic membrane (eardrum), external auditory canal, and
pinna
Answer: Pinna gathers sound and directs it into the auditory canal.
The external auditory canal (ANSWER) enhances particular sound frequencies
and carries sound to the tympanic membrane.
The eardrum, or tympanic membrane, is a thin elastic sheet.
ANSWER: Eustachian tube middle ear
Tympani Tensor
The Stapedius
Ossicles:
Malleus (hammer)
Incus (anvil)
Stirrup, or stapes
The middle ear and the pharynx are connected via the eustachian tube. balances
the air pressure over the eardrum.
The muscles that are connected to the malleus and stapes are called the tensor
tympani and stapedius.
Incus (anvil): ANSWER The stapes receives vibrations from the middle bone,
which is attached to the malleus and hammer.
Ossicles: ANSWER Three little bones in the middle ear that mechanically
conduct sound with the intention of amplifying it
Affixed to the tympanic membrane, the malleus (hammer) acts on the incus.
, Stapes (stirrups): ANSWER Vibrates against the oval window, producing
pressure waves that cause hair cells on the cochlea's basilar membrane to
transduce.
The ANSWER role of the inner ear is to convert sound into a neuronal signal.
The hair cells that convert sound into a neurological signal are housed in the
cochlea, a snail-shaped structure of the inner ear.
The tympanic canal is one of the cochlea's three fluid-filled chambers. Down it,
vibrations travel.
The middle canal is one of the cochlea's three fluid-filled passageways. between
the vestibular and tympanic canals.
Vestibular canal: ANSWER One of the three chambers of the cochlea that are
filled with fluid. It transmits vibrations, although the tympanic canal does not.
Reissner's membrane: ANSWER A thin layer of tissue that divides the cochlea's
middle and vestibular canals.
The base of the basilar membrane, which is made up of fibres, houses the
crucial cells involved in transduction. includes the cortical organ.
The tectorial membrane is a gelatinous flap that extends into the middle canal of
the ear and is attached on one end.
The cochlea's ANSWER Centre is an organ of corti that has hair cells, canals,
and membranes.
Hair cells are the cochlea's ANSWER receptor cells for hearing.
Stereocilia are ANSWER hairlike projections on the tips of cochlear hair cells
that, when flexed, cause neurotransmitters to be released.
Answer: Inner hair cells provide the brain with nearly all information regarding
sound waves.
