NUTR 280 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR

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NUTR 280 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE 300
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
SOLUTIONS JUST RELEASED THIS YEAR


Question: What is the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) or digestive tract? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔primary organs of the digestive system including the mouth, esophagus, stomach,
small intestine, large intestine (colon), rectum, and anus


Question: What are the accessory organs of the digestive system? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas



Question: What is the mucosa? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔innermost layer of digestive tract wall



Question: What is the lumen? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔hollow space within the intestine
through which food and fluids can flow



Question: What are the primary roles of the digestive system? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔to break
down food into nutrients (smaller components), absorb nutrients, and eliminate solid waste
products



Question: What is digestion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔process of breaking down large food
molecules into nutrients that the body can absorb



Question: What is absorption? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔process of nutrient uptake from the
gastrointestinal tract for transport through the circulatory or lymphatic system

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Question: What is mucus? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔watery, slippery fluid that protects the
intestinal lining and eases the flow of materials



Question: What are sphincters? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔thickened regions of circular muscle
that control the flow of contents at various points in the GI tract



Question: What is mechanical digestion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔physical breakdown of food as
it passes through the intestinal tract



Question: What is chemical digestion? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔the breakdown of large nutrient
molecules in food into smaller components, primarily by the action of enzymes



Question: What is an enzyme? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔protein that allows chemical reactions
to occur at a rapid rate



Question: What is the oral cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔the cavity of the mouth



Question: What is mastication? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔type of mechanical digestion that
prepares solid foods for swallowing and chemical digestion



Question: What is the pharynx? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔section of the alimentary canal that
connects the nasal cavity with the top of the esophagus



Question: What are salivary glands? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔structures that produce saliva and
secrete the fluid into the oral cavity



Question: What is saliva? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔watery fluid that contains mucus and a few
enzymes

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Question: What is a bolus? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔mass of food that has been chewed and
mixed with saliva and mucus



Question: What is salivary amylase? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔enzyme in saliva that begins starch
digestion



Question: What is a linguine lapse? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔enzyme secreted into saliva that
begins fat digestion



Question: What are the six basic tastes? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔sweet, sour, salty, bitter, savory
(umami), fat



Question: What is a lysozyme? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔enzyme in saliva that can destroy some
bacteria that are in food or the mouth



Question: What is the sense of smell? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔olfaction; contributes to the
ability to taste food



Question: What is anosmia? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔complete inability to detect odors



Question: What is hypogeusia? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔diminished ability to taste



Question: What is ageusia? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔total loss of the ability to taste



Question: What is the esophagus? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔muscular tube that extends about
10 inches from the pharynx to the upper portion of the stomach



Question: What is the epiglottis? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔flap of tough tissue that prevents the
food from entering the larynx and trachea

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Question: What is peristalsis? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔waves of muscular contractions that help
move material through the intestine



Question: What is the upper esophageal sphincter (UES)? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔circular
muscle at the back of the throat that opens to allow a mass of food to enter the esophagus



Question: What is the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔circular
muscle of lower part of the esophagus that controls flow of material into the upper part of the
stomach; also known as the gastroesophageal sphincter



Question: What is the stomach? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔muscular sac that stores and mixes
food



Question: What is gastric juice? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔watery solution of stomach secretions
that includes mucus, hydrochloric acid, intrinsic factor, and digestive enzymes



Question: What is an intrinsic factor? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔substance necessary for
absorbing vitamin B-12



Question: What is a zymogen? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔inactive form of a digestive enzyme
stored in cells until use



Question: What is gastrin? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔hormone that stimulates stomach motility
and gastric gland secretion



Question: What is a hormone? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔chemical messenger that conveys
information to target cells