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NURS 623 Exam 2 | 2025/2026 | 100+ Verified Q&A | Thyroid, Adrenal, Diabetes, Gout, Obesity | Maryville University | Advanced Practice Nursing

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This document includes over 100 clinically-focused, fully answered exam questions from NURS 623 – Advanced Pathophysiology or Advanced Pharmacology, based on the 2025/2026 curriculum at Maryville University. The exam content covers endocrine disorders and metabolic conditions, supporting students preparing for advanced nursing exams and board certification. Core systems and disorders reviewed include: Thyroid disorders: Graves' disease, Hashimoto’s, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules and cancer Adrenal disorders: Cushing’s disease/syndrome, Addison’s disease, adrenal insufficiency Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 and 2): diagnostic criteria, pharmacologic therapy, insulin dosing, DKA, HHS Parathyroid disorders: hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, hypercalcemia, Chvostek’s sign Metabolic and hormonal complications: vitamin B12 deficiency, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance Pharmacologic management: metformin, levothyroxine, PTU, corticosteroids, insulin regimens Gout and hyperuricemia: diagnosis, acute attack treatment, long-term prophylaxis, purine education Obesity and complications: BMI criteria, comorbidities, cardiovascular risk, lifestyle intervention This resource is perfectly structured for: Nurse Practitioner (NP), MSN, or DNP students Students enrolled in Maryville University’s online or campus-based programs Candidates preparing for ANCC/AANP board exams or endocrinology-focused courses Learners seeking a clinical, pharmacologic, and systems-based review Each question is marked with clear and correct answers, explanations, and practical references to patient presentations, making this guide ideal for clinical reasoning practice, diagnostic accuracy, and pharmacological decision-making. Keywords: NURS 623, Maryville University, NP exam prep, thyroid disorders, adrenal insufficiency, diabetes management, Cushing’s syndrome, Hashimoto’s, levothyroxine dosing, PTU in pregnancy, Addison’s disease, metabolic syndrome, gout treatment, endocrine emergencies, insulin therapy, advanced nursing pharmacology

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MARYVILLE NURS 623 EXAM 2
2025/2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 100% PASS



Which of the serum laboratory findings are present in the client with

Cushing's syndrome? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased cortisol,

HYPERnatremia, and HYPOkalemia

Alice, age 48, has a benign thyroid nodule. The most common treatment

involves: - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Watchful waiting with an annual follow-up


ACE inhibitors are given to clients with diabetes who have - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔persistent proteinuria


A newly diagnosed client with diabetes who has an HbA1c of 7.5 is started

on therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) and medical nutritional therapy

(MNT). Which oral antidiabetic agent is recommended as monotherapy? - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔metformin

,An elderly client with hyperthyroidism may present with atypical symptoms.

Which of the following manifestations are commonly seen in the elderly

with hyperthyroidism? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a-fib, depression, weight loss


Diane has had Cushing's disease for 20 years and has been taking

hydrocortisone since her diagnosis. Today, she appears with a thick trunk

and thin extremities. She has a "moon face," a "buffalo hump," thin skin

with visible capillaries, and a number of bruises that appear to be slow in

healing. To what do you attribute these symptoms? - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔excessive levels of cortisol


The following is a client's self-monitoring blood glucose log. The client

receives 20 units Novolin 70/30 in the morning (a.m.) and 20 units Novolin

70/30 in the evening (p.m.): Fasting a.m. pre-dinner: 90, 150, 105, 144,

101, 172, 98, 201. What changes would you make? - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔increase A.M. insulin


Dan, age 45, is obese and has type 2 diabetes. He has been having trouble

getting his glycohemoglobin under control. He's heard that exenatide

(Byetta) causes weight loss and wants to try it. What do you tell him? - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔"Let's try it. You're glycohemoglobin will be lowered and you

may lose weight."

, Which is the only treatment option that is curative for primary

hyperparathyroidism? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔parathyroidectomy


The most common worldwide cause of hypothyroidism is: - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔iodine deficiency


What should be assessed for during exam on pt with

HYPOparathyroidism? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔chvostek's sign


Morton has Type 2 diabetes. His treatment, which includes diet, exercise,

and oral antidiabetic agents, is insufficient to achieve acceptable glycemic

control. Your next course of action is to - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ADD LONG-

ACTING INSULIN

Joy has gout. In teaching her about her disease, which food do you tell her

is allowed in her diet? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Broccoli


What controls the amount of calcium in the blood? - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔Parathyroid


Thyroid hormones regulate - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔metabolism


Which tests should you order to confirm a diagnosis of hypothyroidism? - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔t3 & Free T4 (preferred over T4)


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