Maternity and Pediatric Nursing
5th Edition
• Author(s)Susan Scott Ricci; Terri Kyle; Susan Carman
• PublisherPublished by Wolters Kluwer Health Copyright©
2025
• Print ISBN: 9781975220419
TEST BANK
Chapter 1: The History of Maternal and
Newborn Health and Health Care
A nursing student is researching the historical impact of the
Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 for a presentation. Which
statement accurately describes the primary outcome of this
legislation?
A. It established the first formal midwifery training programs in
the United States.
B. It provided federal funding for states to develop programs for
mothers and infants.
C. It mandated that all births be attended by a physician in a
hospital setting.
D. It created the Title V program, which continues to fund
maternal and child health services today.
,Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: The Sheppard-Towner Act (1921-1929) was the
first federal legislation to provide funds to states to create
and operate programs aimed at reducing maternal and
infant mortality through public health nursing and
education.
• Incorrect A: While nurses and midwives were involved, the
act did not specifically establish formal midwifery
programs.
• Incorrect C: This was a trend of the era, but it was not a
mandate of this specific legislation.
• Incorrect D: The Social Security Act of 1935, which
succeeded the Sheppard-Towner Act, established the Title
V program.
Teaching Point: Sheppard-Towner was the first major
federal investment in maternal-infant health.
Citation: Ricci, S., Kyle, T., & Carman, S. (2021). Maternity
and Pediatric Nursing (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 1,
The History of Maternal and Newborn Health and Health
Care.
2. Chapter 1, The History of Child Health and Child Health Care
A pediatric nurse is explaining the evolution of child healthcare
to a family. Which 20th-century development was most critical
in shifting the focus from treating childhood illnesses to
,promoting overall health and preventing disease?
A. The discovery of antibiotics like penicillin.
B. The development and widespread use of vaccines.
C. The establishment of the Special Supplemental Nutrition
Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).
D. The passage of laws requiring car seats for infants and
children.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: The development of vaccines led to a dramatic
decrease in childhood morbidity and mortality from
infectious diseases, allowing healthcare to shift its focus
from treatment to prevention and health promotion.
• Incorrect A: Antibiotics were crucial for treating bacterial
infections but did not prevent them in the same way
vaccines did.
• Incorrect C & D: WIC and car seat laws are important
preventive measures, but they targeted specific areas of
health and came after the foundational shift caused by
vaccines.
Teaching Point: Vaccination programs fundamentally
changed pediatric care from reactive treatment to
proactive prevention.
Citation: Ricci, S., Kyle, T., & Carman, S. (2021). Maternity
and Pediatric Nursing (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 1,
The History of Child Health and Child Health Care.
, 3. Chapter 1, Mortality
The nurse is reviewing national health statistics and notes a
significant disparity in the infant mortality rate between
different racial groups. Which measure specifically tracks the
number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live
births?
A. Perinatal mortality rate
B. Neonatal mortality rate
C. Infant mortality rate
D. Maternal mortality rate
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct: The infant mortality rate is defined as the number
of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live
births and is a key indicator of a nation's health.
• Incorrect A: The perinatal mortality rate includes stillbirths
and deaths in the first week of life.
• Incorrect B: The neonatal mortality rate includes only
deaths in the first 28 days of life.
• Incorrect D: The maternal mortality rate relates to deaths
of women during pregnancy or within 42 days of
termination of pregnancy.
Teaching Point: Infant mortality rate is a critical benchmark
for assessing child and community health.
Citation: Ricci, S., Kyle, T., & Carman, S. (2021). Maternity
5th Edition
• Author(s)Susan Scott Ricci; Terri Kyle; Susan Carman
• PublisherPublished by Wolters Kluwer Health Copyright©
2025
• Print ISBN: 9781975220419
TEST BANK
Chapter 1: The History of Maternal and
Newborn Health and Health Care
A nursing student is researching the historical impact of the
Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 for a presentation. Which
statement accurately describes the primary outcome of this
legislation?
A. It established the first formal midwifery training programs in
the United States.
B. It provided federal funding for states to develop programs for
mothers and infants.
C. It mandated that all births be attended by a physician in a
hospital setting.
D. It created the Title V program, which continues to fund
maternal and child health services today.
,Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: The Sheppard-Towner Act (1921-1929) was the
first federal legislation to provide funds to states to create
and operate programs aimed at reducing maternal and
infant mortality through public health nursing and
education.
• Incorrect A: While nurses and midwives were involved, the
act did not specifically establish formal midwifery
programs.
• Incorrect C: This was a trend of the era, but it was not a
mandate of this specific legislation.
• Incorrect D: The Social Security Act of 1935, which
succeeded the Sheppard-Towner Act, established the Title
V program.
Teaching Point: Sheppard-Towner was the first major
federal investment in maternal-infant health.
Citation: Ricci, S., Kyle, T., & Carman, S. (2021). Maternity
and Pediatric Nursing (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 1,
The History of Maternal and Newborn Health and Health
Care.
2. Chapter 1, The History of Child Health and Child Health Care
A pediatric nurse is explaining the evolution of child healthcare
to a family. Which 20th-century development was most critical
in shifting the focus from treating childhood illnesses to
,promoting overall health and preventing disease?
A. The discovery of antibiotics like penicillin.
B. The development and widespread use of vaccines.
C. The establishment of the Special Supplemental Nutrition
Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).
D. The passage of laws requiring car seats for infants and
children.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: The development of vaccines led to a dramatic
decrease in childhood morbidity and mortality from
infectious diseases, allowing healthcare to shift its focus
from treatment to prevention and health promotion.
• Incorrect A: Antibiotics were crucial for treating bacterial
infections but did not prevent them in the same way
vaccines did.
• Incorrect C & D: WIC and car seat laws are important
preventive measures, but they targeted specific areas of
health and came after the foundational shift caused by
vaccines.
Teaching Point: Vaccination programs fundamentally
changed pediatric care from reactive treatment to
proactive prevention.
Citation: Ricci, S., Kyle, T., & Carman, S. (2021). Maternity
and Pediatric Nursing (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 1,
The History of Child Health and Child Health Care.
, 3. Chapter 1, Mortality
The nurse is reviewing national health statistics and notes a
significant disparity in the infant mortality rate between
different racial groups. Which measure specifically tracks the
number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live
births?
A. Perinatal mortality rate
B. Neonatal mortality rate
C. Infant mortality rate
D. Maternal mortality rate
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct: The infant mortality rate is defined as the number
of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live
births and is a key indicator of a nation's health.
• Incorrect A: The perinatal mortality rate includes stillbirths
and deaths in the first week of life.
• Incorrect B: The neonatal mortality rate includes only
deaths in the first 28 days of life.
• Incorrect D: The maternal mortality rate relates to deaths
of women during pregnancy or within 42 days of
termination of pregnancy.
Teaching Point: Infant mortality rate is a critical benchmark
for assessing child and community health.
Citation: Ricci, S., Kyle, T., & Carman, S. (2021). Maternity
