Gross Anatomy - Heart II Exam With complete solution–
Expert Verified | Latest Questions 2025
What are the surfaces of the heart? - Sternocostal (anterior) surface
Diaphragmatic (inferior) surface
Right pulmonary surface
Left pulmonary surface
Base
Apex
What is the sternocostal surface of the heart? - Anterior surface formed primary by the
right ventricle
What is the diaphragmatic surface of the heart? - Inferior surface formed primarily by
the left ventricle and a small part of right ventricle
What is the right pulmonary surface of the heart? - Right surface formed primarily by
right atrium
What is the left pulmonary surface of the heart? - Left surface formed primarily by the
left ventricle
Creates cardiac impression on left lung
What is the base of the heart? - AKA posterior surface
Primarily formed by left atrium
Located where SVC, IVC and pulmonary vv. enter heart
What is the apex of the heart? - Formed by the left ventricle
Located about 9-10 cm left of midline at 5th intercostal space
What is the groove that divides the ventricles and what are its contents? - Anterior
interventricular groove (on sternocostal surface)
Contents: Anterior interventricular a and great cardiac v.
What is the groove that divides the ventricles and the atria and what are its contents? -
Atrioventricular groove
Contents: R and L coronary aa. and coronary sinus
Where is the posterior interventricular groove and what is in it? - Between R and L
ventricles on diaphragmatic surface
Contents: posterior (inferior) interventricular a and middle cardiac v.
What is the right atrium? - Entering vessels: SVC, IVC, coronary sinus
Right auricle: extends over base of ascending aorta
Pectinate m. (musculi pectinati) found in ant. wall and auricle
, What is the texture of the walls in the atria? - Smooth and rough walls
What are the pros and cons of the right auricle? - Allows for extra blood flow but can
cause clotting
What structures are within the R atrium? - Sinus venarum
Crista terminalis - internal and external
SA node
AV node
Coronary sinus
Fossa ovalis
Right AV orifice
What is the sinus venarum? - Smooth posterior wall of the right atrium
Has openings for SVC, IVC and coronary sinus
What is the crista terminalis - internal? - Ridge separating pectinate mm. from sinus
venarum
What is the crista terminalis - external? - Shallow external groove that corresponds to
crista terminalis
What is the SA (sinoatrial) node? - Deep to epithelium
Located at junction of SVC and crista terminalis
What is the AV (atrioventricular) node? - In interatrial septum near opening of coronary
sinus
Where is the coronary sinus in relation to the R atrium? - Opening located
posteromedial to IVC
What is the fossa ovalis? - Oval-shaped depression in interatrial septum
Remnant of foramen ovale
What is the R AV orifice? - Tricuspid valve (R atrioventricular valve)
Inferior in R atrium
Which wall is thicker, R atrium or R ventricle? - R Ventricle
What are the structures within the R ventricle - Trabeculae carneae
Conus arteriosus
Tricuspid valve
Chordae tendineae
Papillary mm.
Septomarginal trabecula
Expert Verified | Latest Questions 2025
What are the surfaces of the heart? - Sternocostal (anterior) surface
Diaphragmatic (inferior) surface
Right pulmonary surface
Left pulmonary surface
Base
Apex
What is the sternocostal surface of the heart? - Anterior surface formed primary by the
right ventricle
What is the diaphragmatic surface of the heart? - Inferior surface formed primarily by
the left ventricle and a small part of right ventricle
What is the right pulmonary surface of the heart? - Right surface formed primarily by
right atrium
What is the left pulmonary surface of the heart? - Left surface formed primarily by the
left ventricle
Creates cardiac impression on left lung
What is the base of the heart? - AKA posterior surface
Primarily formed by left atrium
Located where SVC, IVC and pulmonary vv. enter heart
What is the apex of the heart? - Formed by the left ventricle
Located about 9-10 cm left of midline at 5th intercostal space
What is the groove that divides the ventricles and what are its contents? - Anterior
interventricular groove (on sternocostal surface)
Contents: Anterior interventricular a and great cardiac v.
What is the groove that divides the ventricles and the atria and what are its contents? -
Atrioventricular groove
Contents: R and L coronary aa. and coronary sinus
Where is the posterior interventricular groove and what is in it? - Between R and L
ventricles on diaphragmatic surface
Contents: posterior (inferior) interventricular a and middle cardiac v.
What is the right atrium? - Entering vessels: SVC, IVC, coronary sinus
Right auricle: extends over base of ascending aorta
Pectinate m. (musculi pectinati) found in ant. wall and auricle
, What is the texture of the walls in the atria? - Smooth and rough walls
What are the pros and cons of the right auricle? - Allows for extra blood flow but can
cause clotting
What structures are within the R atrium? - Sinus venarum
Crista terminalis - internal and external
SA node
AV node
Coronary sinus
Fossa ovalis
Right AV orifice
What is the sinus venarum? - Smooth posterior wall of the right atrium
Has openings for SVC, IVC and coronary sinus
What is the crista terminalis - internal? - Ridge separating pectinate mm. from sinus
venarum
What is the crista terminalis - external? - Shallow external groove that corresponds to
crista terminalis
What is the SA (sinoatrial) node? - Deep to epithelium
Located at junction of SVC and crista terminalis
What is the AV (atrioventricular) node? - In interatrial septum near opening of coronary
sinus
Where is the coronary sinus in relation to the R atrium? - Opening located
posteromedial to IVC
What is the fossa ovalis? - Oval-shaped depression in interatrial septum
Remnant of foramen ovale
What is the R AV orifice? - Tricuspid valve (R atrioventricular valve)
Inferior in R atrium
Which wall is thicker, R atrium or R ventricle? - R Ventricle
What are the structures within the R ventricle - Trabeculae carneae
Conus arteriosus
Tricuspid valve
Chordae tendineae
Papillary mm.
Septomarginal trabecula
