Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which type of clinical decision-making is most reliable?
1. Intuitive
2. Analytical
3. Experiential
4. Augenblick
2. Which of the following is false? To obtain adequate history, health-care
providers must be:
1. Methodical and systematic
2. Attentive to the patient’s verbal and
nonverbal language
1. Able to accurately interpret the patient’s
responses
1. Adept at reading into the patient’s
statements
3. Essential parts of a health history include all of the following except:
,1. Chief complaint
2. History of the present illness
3. Current vital signs
4. All of the above are essential history
components
4. Which of the following is false? While performing the physical
examination, the examiner must be able to:
1. Differentiate between normal and
abnormal findings
1. Recall knowledge of a range of conditions
and their associated signs and symptoms
1. Recognize how certain conditions affect
the response to other conditions
1. Foresee unpredictable findings
5. The following is the least reliable source of information for diagnostic
statistics:
1. Evidence-based investigations
2. Primary reports of research
3. Estimation based on a provider’s
experience
1. Published meta-analyses
6. The following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision-making:
1. Algorithm published in a peer-reviewed
journal article
1. Clinical practice guidelines
2. Evidence-based research
3. All of the above
7. If a diagnostic study has high sensitivity, this indicates a:
1. High percentage of persons with the given
condition will have an abnormal result
1. Low percentage of persons with the given
condition will have an abnormal result
1. Low likelihood of normal result in
,persons without a given condition
1. None of the above
8. If a diagnostic study has high specificity, this indicates a:
1. Low percentage of healthy individuals
will show a normal result
1. High percentage of healthy individuals
will show a normal result
1. High percentage of individuals with a
disorder will show a normal result
1. Low percentage of individuals with a
disorder will show an abnormal result
9. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a diagnostic test showing a:
1. Positive result is strongly associated with
the disease
1. Negative result is strongly associated with
absence of the disease
1. Positive result is weakly associated with
the disease
1. Negative result is weakly associated with
absence of the disease
10. Which of the following clinical reasoning tools is defined as evidencebased
resource based on mathematical modeling to express the likelihood of a condition
in select situations, settings, and/or patients?
1. Clinical practice guideline
2. Clinical decision rule
3. Clinical algorithm
4. Clinical recommendation
Chapter 2. An Overview of Genetic Assessment
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. The first step in the genomic assessment of a patient is obtaining
information regarding:
, 1. Family history
2. Environmental exposures
3. Lifestyle and behaviors
4. Current medications
2. An affected individual who manifests symptoms of a particular condition
through whom a family with a genetic disorder is ascertained is called a(n):
1. Consultand
2. Consulband
3. Index patient
4. Proband
3. An autosomal dominant disorder involves the:
1. X chromosome
2. Y chromosome
3. Mitochondrial DNA
4. Non-sex chromosomes
4. To illustrate a union between two second cousin family members in a
pedigree, draw:
1. Arrows pointing to the male and female
2. Brackets around the male and female
3. Double horizontal lines between the male
and female
1. Circles around the male and female
5. To illustrate two family members in an adoptive relationship in a pedigree:
1. Arrows are drawn pointing to the male
and female
1. Brackets are drawn around the male and
female
1. Double horizontal lines are drawn
between the male and female
1. Circles are drawn around the male and
female
6. When analyzing the pedigree for autosomal dominant disorders, it is
common to see:
1. Several generations of affected members
2. Many consanguineous relationships
3. More members of the maternal lineage
affected than paternal
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which type of clinical decision-making is most reliable?
1. Intuitive
2. Analytical
3. Experiential
4. Augenblick
2. Which of the following is false? To obtain adequate history, health-care
providers must be:
1. Methodical and systematic
2. Attentive to the patient’s verbal and
nonverbal language
1. Able to accurately interpret the patient’s
responses
1. Adept at reading into the patient’s
statements
3. Essential parts of a health history include all of the following except:
,1. Chief complaint
2. History of the present illness
3. Current vital signs
4. All of the above are essential history
components
4. Which of the following is false? While performing the physical
examination, the examiner must be able to:
1. Differentiate between normal and
abnormal findings
1. Recall knowledge of a range of conditions
and their associated signs and symptoms
1. Recognize how certain conditions affect
the response to other conditions
1. Foresee unpredictable findings
5. The following is the least reliable source of information for diagnostic
statistics:
1. Evidence-based investigations
2. Primary reports of research
3. Estimation based on a provider’s
experience
1. Published meta-analyses
6. The following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision-making:
1. Algorithm published in a peer-reviewed
journal article
1. Clinical practice guidelines
2. Evidence-based research
3. All of the above
7. If a diagnostic study has high sensitivity, this indicates a:
1. High percentage of persons with the given
condition will have an abnormal result
1. Low percentage of persons with the given
condition will have an abnormal result
1. Low likelihood of normal result in
,persons without a given condition
1. None of the above
8. If a diagnostic study has high specificity, this indicates a:
1. Low percentage of healthy individuals
will show a normal result
1. High percentage of healthy individuals
will show a normal result
1. High percentage of individuals with a
disorder will show a normal result
1. Low percentage of individuals with a
disorder will show an abnormal result
9. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a diagnostic test showing a:
1. Positive result is strongly associated with
the disease
1. Negative result is strongly associated with
absence of the disease
1. Positive result is weakly associated with
the disease
1. Negative result is weakly associated with
absence of the disease
10. Which of the following clinical reasoning tools is defined as evidencebased
resource based on mathematical modeling to express the likelihood of a condition
in select situations, settings, and/or patients?
1. Clinical practice guideline
2. Clinical decision rule
3. Clinical algorithm
4. Clinical recommendation
Chapter 2. An Overview of Genetic Assessment
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. The first step in the genomic assessment of a patient is obtaining
information regarding:
, 1. Family history
2. Environmental exposures
3. Lifestyle and behaviors
4. Current medications
2. An affected individual who manifests symptoms of a particular condition
through whom a family with a genetic disorder is ascertained is called a(n):
1. Consultand
2. Consulband
3. Index patient
4. Proband
3. An autosomal dominant disorder involves the:
1. X chromosome
2. Y chromosome
3. Mitochondrial DNA
4. Non-sex chromosomes
4. To illustrate a union between two second cousin family members in a
pedigree, draw:
1. Arrows pointing to the male and female
2. Brackets around the male and female
3. Double horizontal lines between the male
and female
1. Circles around the male and female
5. To illustrate two family members in an adoptive relationship in a pedigree:
1. Arrows are drawn pointing to the male
and female
1. Brackets are drawn around the male and
female
1. Double horizontal lines are drawn
between the male and female
1. Circles are drawn around the male and
female
6. When analyzing the pedigree for autosomal dominant disorders, it is
common to see:
1. Several generations of affected members
2. Many consanguineous relationships
3. More members of the maternal lineage
affected than paternal
