TEST BANK
Animal Behavior 12th Edition
by Dustin Rubenstein, Chapter 1 to 14
Covered
, Table of contents
• 1. An introduction to animal behavior
• 2. The integrative study of behavior
• 3. The developmental and genetic bases of behavior
• 4. The neural basis of behavior
• 5. The physiological basis of behavior
• 6. Avoiding predators and finding food
• 7. Territoriality and migration
• 8. Principles of communication
• 9. Reproductive behavior
• 10. Mating systems
• 11. Parental care
• 12. Principles of social evolution
• 13. Social behavior and sociality
• 14. Human behavior.
, Chapter 1: An Introduction to Animal Behavior
Multiple Choice Questions
1. “If female lizards with reddish throats produce more eggs than females with
orangish throats,then the reddish throat is an evolved adaptation.” This statement
a. is true, because this species has variation, a critical requirement for the
evolution ofadaptations by natural selection.
b. is false, because females with orangish throats could still have more offspring
that live toreproduce than females with reddish throats.
c. is false, because there is no guarantee that females with reddish throats are
the best for the long-term preservation of this species.
d. could be true or false, because we cannot tell without knowing whether
reddish femalesoutnumber orangish females in this species.
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Identify the conditions required to produce
evolutionary changethrough natural selection and examine these conditions
using the gene’s eye view.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
2. The statement “Lemmings disperse from areas of high population density
because theyinherited this ability from a lemming-like ancestor in the past” is
a hypothesis about
a. evolved function.
b. genetics and development.
c. evolutionary history.
d. adaptive
value.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 1.1.3 Consider how proximate and ultimate levels of analysis
can be used to provide an integrative understanding of the development,
mechanism, adaptive value, and evolutionary history of a behavior.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
3. The infanticide hypothesis, which posits that infanticide is a reproduction-
enhancing tacticpracticed by males, is called a hypothesis because it
a. can be proven.
b. is an explanation based on limited evidence that can be tested.
c. is mutually exclusive to any other potential explanations.
d. is a basic principle that can be applied
widely. Answer: b
, Learning Objective: 1.1.2 Review how researchers use the scientific method to test
hypotheses and predictions related to a potentially adaptive behavior in order to
consider its fitness costs andbenefits, evaluate its adaptive value, and identify why it
evolved.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
4. In order for Darwinian natural selection to cause evolutionary change, a
population mustcontain individuals that differ hereditarily in some
characteristic because
a. in a population without this kind of variation, the species is doomed to extinction.
b. when all individuals have the same genes, then all individuals are exactly alike in all
respects.
c. uniform populations are evolutionary dead ends.
d. unless there is variation of this sort, parents cannot pass on their advantageous
attributes to their offspring.
Answer: d
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Identify the conditions required to produce
evolutionary changethrough natural selection and examine these conditions
using the gene’s eye view.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
5. We observe variation in a population of lizard with respect to how fast
individuals can run. We attempt to select for the ability to run slowly, not quickly.
After six generations of selective breeding of only the slowest with the slowest, the
mean running speed of the lizards has not changed. What is the appropriate
scientific conclusion based on this work?
a. After six generations of artificial selection, the frequency of slow runners in the
population hasremained unchanged.
b. After six generations of artificial selection, the frequency of slow runners in the
population hasincreased.
c. The differences between the lizards in running speed in the original
population were not caused by genetic differences among them.
d. The results are invalid because the researchers failed to maintain enough
variation in runningspeed in their selected lineage, so evolutionary change was
impossible.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Identify the conditions required to produce
evolutionary changethrough natural selection and examine these conditions
using the gene’s eye view.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Applying
6. We observe a frog that carries its babies on its back away from where the eggs
hatched. Hereare two questions about this observation:
X. Does the frog do this to move the babies to a place where they will be safer and
more likely to survive?
Y. Does the frog have specific morphological traits that enable it to hold and transfer
its babies in this way?
Which of the two is a proximate question?
Animal Behavior 12th Edition
by Dustin Rubenstein, Chapter 1 to 14
Covered
, Table of contents
• 1. An introduction to animal behavior
• 2. The integrative study of behavior
• 3. The developmental and genetic bases of behavior
• 4. The neural basis of behavior
• 5. The physiological basis of behavior
• 6. Avoiding predators and finding food
• 7. Territoriality and migration
• 8. Principles of communication
• 9. Reproductive behavior
• 10. Mating systems
• 11. Parental care
• 12. Principles of social evolution
• 13. Social behavior and sociality
• 14. Human behavior.
, Chapter 1: An Introduction to Animal Behavior
Multiple Choice Questions
1. “If female lizards with reddish throats produce more eggs than females with
orangish throats,then the reddish throat is an evolved adaptation.” This statement
a. is true, because this species has variation, a critical requirement for the
evolution ofadaptations by natural selection.
b. is false, because females with orangish throats could still have more offspring
that live toreproduce than females with reddish throats.
c. is false, because there is no guarantee that females with reddish throats are
the best for the long-term preservation of this species.
d. could be true or false, because we cannot tell without knowing whether
reddish femalesoutnumber orangish females in this species.
Answer: b
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Identify the conditions required to produce
evolutionary changethrough natural selection and examine these conditions
using the gene’s eye view.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
2. The statement “Lemmings disperse from areas of high population density
because theyinherited this ability from a lemming-like ancestor in the past” is
a hypothesis about
a. evolved function.
b. genetics and development.
c. evolutionary history.
d. adaptive
value.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 1.1.3 Consider how proximate and ultimate levels of analysis
can be used to provide an integrative understanding of the development,
mechanism, adaptive value, and evolutionary history of a behavior.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
3. The infanticide hypothesis, which posits that infanticide is a reproduction-
enhancing tacticpracticed by males, is called a hypothesis because it
a. can be proven.
b. is an explanation based on limited evidence that can be tested.
c. is mutually exclusive to any other potential explanations.
d. is a basic principle that can be applied
widely. Answer: b
, Learning Objective: 1.1.2 Review how researchers use the scientific method to test
hypotheses and predictions related to a potentially adaptive behavior in order to
consider its fitness costs andbenefits, evaluate its adaptive value, and identify why it
evolved.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
4. In order for Darwinian natural selection to cause evolutionary change, a
population mustcontain individuals that differ hereditarily in some
characteristic because
a. in a population without this kind of variation, the species is doomed to extinction.
b. when all individuals have the same genes, then all individuals are exactly alike in all
respects.
c. uniform populations are evolutionary dead ends.
d. unless there is variation of this sort, parents cannot pass on their advantageous
attributes to their offspring.
Answer: d
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Identify the conditions required to produce
evolutionary changethrough natural selection and examine these conditions
using the gene’s eye view.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understanding
5. We observe variation in a population of lizard with respect to how fast
individuals can run. We attempt to select for the ability to run slowly, not quickly.
After six generations of selective breeding of only the slowest with the slowest, the
mean running speed of the lizards has not changed. What is the appropriate
scientific conclusion based on this work?
a. After six generations of artificial selection, the frequency of slow runners in the
population hasremained unchanged.
b. After six generations of artificial selection, the frequency of slow runners in the
population hasincreased.
c. The differences between the lizards in running speed in the original
population were not caused by genetic differences among them.
d. The results are invalid because the researchers failed to maintain enough
variation in runningspeed in their selected lineage, so evolutionary change was
impossible.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: 1.1.1 Identify the conditions required to produce
evolutionary changethrough natural selection and examine these conditions
using the gene’s eye view.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Applying
6. We observe a frog that carries its babies on its back away from where the eggs
hatched. Hereare two questions about this observation:
X. Does the frog do this to move the babies to a place where they will be safer and
more likely to survive?
Y. Does the frog have specific morphological traits that enable it to hold and transfer
its babies in this way?
Which of the two is a proximate question?
