ROPE RESCUE TECHNICIAN EXAM
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Acute oBad oJudgement oSyndrome o- ocorrect oanswers o-Occurs owhen oadventures
odon't otruly ounderstand othe oconsequences oof otheir odecisions
Take othe otime oto odo oa oreality ocheck o- ocorrect oanswers o-Don't ooverestimate oyour
ogroups oability, otake othe otime oto oobserve oall ofacts, oclues, oability olevel, oand oskill
oset obefore omaking oa o"go oor ono ogo" odecision
Maintain ohigh osituational oawareness
Most ocommon oaccidents oin omountaineering: o- ocorrect oanswers o-1.) ofall oor oslip
oon orock
2.) ofall oor oslip oon osnow oor oice
3.) ofalling orock, oice, oor oobject
,Most ofrequent ocontributing ocauses oto oaccidents oin omountaineering: o- ocorrect
oanswers o-1.) oclimbing owithout oropes
2.) oexceeding oone's oability
3.) ohaving oan oadequate oequipment/clothing
4.) oplacing oinadequate oor ono oprotection
5.) oweather
Utilize ochecklists: o- ocorrect oanswers o-Reduces oerrors oand oomissions oin:
- otechnical oprocedures, oand omedical oprocedures
- odeployment obriefing's ofor opermission oprofiles
- oequipment ochecklist
Safety o- ocorrect oanswers o-Resounding otheme oof omountain orescue ooperations
+ opersonal osafety o= ogroup osafety
Minimizing orisks: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- opre-plan oas omuch oas oyou ocan
- oconduct otrailhead osafety obriefing oso oeveryone ounderstands othe omission/goal
- ouse oredundant osystems oor osystems owith obelay olines
- oconduct ofrequent oreality ochecks
- outilize osafety ochecks owith ochecklists
- odon't orush othrough oyour origging; odo oit oright oand odo oit operfectly
- otrain ohard oso oyou ocan orescue oeasily
Decision omaking: o- ocorrect oanswers o-3 omain otypes: oheuristics, oanalytical,
oexpertise o
- operfect odecision omaking odoesn't oexist
Heuristics o- ocorrect oanswers o--mental oshortcuts oor o"rules oof othumb" othat owe
oemploy oto omake odecisions
Pitfalls oof oHeuristics: o- ocorrect oanswers o-1.) ofamiliarity: o
2.) oacceptance:
3.) oconsistency/commitment
4.) oexpert ohalo
5.) otrack/scarcity
6.) osocial oproof
Common omountaineering oheuristics: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- odon't oclimb oalone
- oalways owear oa ohelmet
- oclimb owithin oyour oability olevel
- oget ogood obeta oon othe oroute obefore oheading oout
- oleave odetailed oitinerary owith oa oreliable operson
- ostick oto oyour oitinerary
- oestablish o"go, oor ono ogo" oconditions
- oestablish oa osafe oturnaround otime
,- odon't otravel osolo oon oglaciers
- ouse otwo oropes owhen otraining
- osystem oshould opass o"whistle otest"
Analytical odecision omaking: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- obreaking odown oa olarger
oproblem ointo osmaller omore omanageable oones
- oconducting oa orisk/benefit oanalysis omay obe oyour obest ooption
- oworks obest owhen oresearch obacks odecision
Common opitfalls oof oanalytical odecision omaking: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- othere omay
ooften obe ounknown ovariables owe omay onot orecognize
- ocan obe otime oconsuming
- osubconsciously obiased
Expertise o(intuition) odecision omaking: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- odraw oupon oprevious
oexperience oto omake odecisions
- oimportant oto oprovide oteam owith omission obriefing oexplaining othe oproblem oand
owhy ospecific ostrategy owas ochosen
Extreme oownership oin oleadership: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- onever oblame oanyone oelse
- oleaders oultimately oresponsible ofor othe oteam oand oits oactions
- oif osomething ogoes owrong otake oaccountability oas othe oleader oand ofigure oout
ohow oto oensure oit onever ohappens oagain
- orequires oeffective ocommunication, oassigning oroles, oand otrusting oteam oto oexcel
Mission oclarity: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oall omembers oof othe oteam osupport omission
- oalways ocommunicate othe o"why"
- oonly o100% ocommitted oteam omembers oallowed
- oonly oexcept othe ohighest ostandards ofor oyour oteam
Check oyour oego: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- olive oand odie oas oa oteam
- ono oplace ofor oego oor oglory
Cover oand omove: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- orescues oalways ouncertain
- omitigate orisks oand ohazards oto othe obest oof oyour oability oand otrust oin oyour oteam
- oeach oteammate ois oan ointegral opart
Keep othings osimple: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- osimple o= oclarity oand ounderstanding
- ocomplexity o= oconfusion oand odoubt
Decentralized ocommand: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oDelegating oleadership oto osmall
oteams oto oget othe ojob odone
- odon't omicro omanage oand ohave otrust
Manage oup oand omanage odown: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- ounderstand ocommands
operspective, oneeds, oand owants
, - okeep oleader oin othe oloop
- ocommunicate oimportant ogoals, oobjectives, oand othe o"why" odown othe ochain oof
ocommand
Discipline oequals ofreedom o- ocorrect oanswers o-- obe othe obest oleader oand
oteammate oyou ocan obe
Rescue oleader: o(site ocommand oor otask oforce orescue oleader) o- ocorrect oanswers
o-- oThe orescue oleader owill ocommunicate owith oincident ocommand oat otrailhead oor
obasecamp, orequested oresources oand okeeping ocommand oupdated oon ofield
ooperations
- oshould omaintain oa o"hands ooff oapproach"
- omay oact oas osafety
Incident oCommand: o(IC) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- ofunctions oas omission ocoordinator
- oWill oand oinstill ooperation ostaff oat oBasecamp oto oaccomplish oordering omore
oresources, oscribing oall opersonnel oand oequipment oin othe ofield
Safety oofficer: o(SO) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oresponsible ofor ooverall osafety ocheck oon
ospecific ooperations
- oensures oeveryone ohas oproper oPPE
- odouble ochecks othe origging, oknots, oedge oprotection, oand oother okey osystem
ocomponents
Mainline origor/operator: o(MLR) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oresponsible ofor origging oand
omanaging othe omainline othe oload owill obe oraised oand olowered oon
- oafter origging ois ocomplete othey obecome othe omain ooperator
Belay oline origger/operator: o(BLR) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oresponsible ofor origging
oand ooperating othe oindependent oback oup obelay oline
- oneeds oto ohave obombproof omultiple oanchor osystem
- omaybe ousing otwo otensioned orope osyste
Edge opro: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oresponsible ofor omaintaining oa osafe oedge
otransition ofor orescuer oor oa oleader oattendant
- oincludes: oprotecting ofrom osharp oedges, oclearing oloose orocks, owatching ofor
oropes, ohelping ocarry othe oload oover othe oedge otransition
- oaids oin ocommunication
First oResponder: o(FR) o- ocorrect oanswers o--Will ogo oover othe oedge oto oinitially
oassess oand ostabilize othe opatient
- ostrong otechnical oand omedical oskills orequired
Litter oAttendant: o(LA) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oAssembles othe olitter oand ogoes oover
othe oedge oto obring oup oor odown oin othe olitter
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Acute oBad oJudgement oSyndrome o- ocorrect oanswers o-Occurs owhen oadventures
odon't otruly ounderstand othe oconsequences oof otheir odecisions
Take othe otime oto odo oa oreality ocheck o- ocorrect oanswers o-Don't ooverestimate oyour
ogroups oability, otake othe otime oto oobserve oall ofacts, oclues, oability olevel, oand oskill
oset obefore omaking oa o"go oor ono ogo" odecision
Maintain ohigh osituational oawareness
Most ocommon oaccidents oin omountaineering: o- ocorrect oanswers o-1.) ofall oor oslip
oon orock
2.) ofall oor oslip oon osnow oor oice
3.) ofalling orock, oice, oor oobject
,Most ofrequent ocontributing ocauses oto oaccidents oin omountaineering: o- ocorrect
oanswers o-1.) oclimbing owithout oropes
2.) oexceeding oone's oability
3.) ohaving oan oadequate oequipment/clothing
4.) oplacing oinadequate oor ono oprotection
5.) oweather
Utilize ochecklists: o- ocorrect oanswers o-Reduces oerrors oand oomissions oin:
- otechnical oprocedures, oand omedical oprocedures
- odeployment obriefing's ofor opermission oprofiles
- oequipment ochecklist
Safety o- ocorrect oanswers o-Resounding otheme oof omountain orescue ooperations
+ opersonal osafety o= ogroup osafety
Minimizing orisks: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- opre-plan oas omuch oas oyou ocan
- oconduct otrailhead osafety obriefing oso oeveryone ounderstands othe omission/goal
- ouse oredundant osystems oor osystems owith obelay olines
- oconduct ofrequent oreality ochecks
- outilize osafety ochecks owith ochecklists
- odon't orush othrough oyour origging; odo oit oright oand odo oit operfectly
- otrain ohard oso oyou ocan orescue oeasily
Decision omaking: o- ocorrect oanswers o-3 omain otypes: oheuristics, oanalytical,
oexpertise o
- operfect odecision omaking odoesn't oexist
Heuristics o- ocorrect oanswers o--mental oshortcuts oor o"rules oof othumb" othat owe
oemploy oto omake odecisions
Pitfalls oof oHeuristics: o- ocorrect oanswers o-1.) ofamiliarity: o
2.) oacceptance:
3.) oconsistency/commitment
4.) oexpert ohalo
5.) otrack/scarcity
6.) osocial oproof
Common omountaineering oheuristics: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- odon't oclimb oalone
- oalways owear oa ohelmet
- oclimb owithin oyour oability olevel
- oget ogood obeta oon othe oroute obefore oheading oout
- oleave odetailed oitinerary owith oa oreliable operson
- ostick oto oyour oitinerary
- oestablish o"go, oor ono ogo" oconditions
- oestablish oa osafe oturnaround otime
,- odon't otravel osolo oon oglaciers
- ouse otwo oropes owhen otraining
- osystem oshould opass o"whistle otest"
Analytical odecision omaking: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- obreaking odown oa olarger
oproblem ointo osmaller omore omanageable oones
- oconducting oa orisk/benefit oanalysis omay obe oyour obest ooption
- oworks obest owhen oresearch obacks odecision
Common opitfalls oof oanalytical odecision omaking: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- othere omay
ooften obe ounknown ovariables owe omay onot orecognize
- ocan obe otime oconsuming
- osubconsciously obiased
Expertise o(intuition) odecision omaking: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- odraw oupon oprevious
oexperience oto omake odecisions
- oimportant oto oprovide oteam owith omission obriefing oexplaining othe oproblem oand
owhy ospecific ostrategy owas ochosen
Extreme oownership oin oleadership: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- onever oblame oanyone oelse
- oleaders oultimately oresponsible ofor othe oteam oand oits oactions
- oif osomething ogoes owrong otake oaccountability oas othe oleader oand ofigure oout
ohow oto oensure oit onever ohappens oagain
- orequires oeffective ocommunication, oassigning oroles, oand otrusting oteam oto oexcel
Mission oclarity: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oall omembers oof othe oteam osupport omission
- oalways ocommunicate othe o"why"
- oonly o100% ocommitted oteam omembers oallowed
- oonly oexcept othe ohighest ostandards ofor oyour oteam
Check oyour oego: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- olive oand odie oas oa oteam
- ono oplace ofor oego oor oglory
Cover oand omove: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- orescues oalways ouncertain
- omitigate orisks oand ohazards oto othe obest oof oyour oability oand otrust oin oyour oteam
- oeach oteammate ois oan ointegral opart
Keep othings osimple: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- osimple o= oclarity oand ounderstanding
- ocomplexity o= oconfusion oand odoubt
Decentralized ocommand: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oDelegating oleadership oto osmall
oteams oto oget othe ojob odone
- odon't omicro omanage oand ohave otrust
Manage oup oand omanage odown: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- ounderstand ocommands
operspective, oneeds, oand owants
, - okeep oleader oin othe oloop
- ocommunicate oimportant ogoals, oobjectives, oand othe o"why" odown othe ochain oof
ocommand
Discipline oequals ofreedom o- ocorrect oanswers o-- obe othe obest oleader oand
oteammate oyou ocan obe
Rescue oleader: o(site ocommand oor otask oforce orescue oleader) o- ocorrect oanswers
o-- oThe orescue oleader owill ocommunicate owith oincident ocommand oat otrailhead oor
obasecamp, orequested oresources oand okeeping ocommand oupdated oon ofield
ooperations
- oshould omaintain oa o"hands ooff oapproach"
- omay oact oas osafety
Incident oCommand: o(IC) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- ofunctions oas omission ocoordinator
- oWill oand oinstill ooperation ostaff oat oBasecamp oto oaccomplish oordering omore
oresources, oscribing oall opersonnel oand oequipment oin othe ofield
Safety oofficer: o(SO) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oresponsible ofor ooverall osafety ocheck oon
ospecific ooperations
- oensures oeveryone ohas oproper oPPE
- odouble ochecks othe origging, oknots, oedge oprotection, oand oother okey osystem
ocomponents
Mainline origor/operator: o(MLR) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oresponsible ofor origging oand
omanaging othe omainline othe oload owill obe oraised oand olowered oon
- oafter origging ois ocomplete othey obecome othe omain ooperator
Belay oline origger/operator: o(BLR) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oresponsible ofor origging
oand ooperating othe oindependent oback oup obelay oline
- oneeds oto ohave obombproof omultiple oanchor osystem
- omaybe ousing otwo otensioned orope osyste
Edge opro: o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oresponsible ofor omaintaining oa osafe oedge
otransition ofor orescuer oor oa oleader oattendant
- oincludes: oprotecting ofrom osharp oedges, oclearing oloose orocks, owatching ofor
oropes, ohelping ocarry othe oload oover othe oedge otransition
- oaids oin ocommunication
First oResponder: o(FR) o- ocorrect oanswers o--Will ogo oover othe oedge oto oinitially
oassess oand ostabilize othe opatient
- ostrong otechnical oand omedical oskills orequired
Litter oAttendant: o(LA) o- ocorrect oanswers o-- oAssembles othe olitter oand ogoes oover
othe oedge oto obring oup oor odown oin othe olitter
