,Table of Contents
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Chapter 01 Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
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Chapter 02 Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
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Chapter 03 Leukocyte Circulation and Migration Into Tissues
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Chapter 04 Innate Immunity
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Chapter 05 Antibodies and Antigens
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Chapter 06 Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes and the Functions of Major
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Histocompatibility Complex Molecules tx tx 20
Chapter 07 Immune Receptors and Signal Transduction
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Chapter 08 Lymphocyte Development and Antigen Receptor Gene Rearrangement
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Chapter 09 Activation of T Lymphocytes
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Chapter 10 Differentiation and Functions of CD4+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 11 Differentiation and Functions of CD8+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 12 B Cell Activation and Antibody Production
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Chapter 13 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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Chapter 14 Specialized Immunity at Epithelial Barriers and in Immune Privileged Tissues
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Chapter 15 Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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Chapter 16 Immunity to Microbes
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Chapter 17 Transplantation Immunology
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Chapter 18 Tumor Immunology
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Chapter 19 Hypersensitivity Disorders
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Chapter 20 Allergy
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Chapter 21 Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
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,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
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Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 11th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE tx
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
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a. Defense against cancer tx tx
b. Repair of injured tissues tx tx tx
c. Defense against microbial infections tx tx tx
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases tx tx tx
e. Protection against environmental toxins tx tx tx
ANS: C t x
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbial
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infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that ―immunosur
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veillance‖ against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is controversial. Re
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pair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune responses and infla
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
mmation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are needed to prevent e
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xcessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a primary function. The
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immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally does not offer protecti
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
on against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
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2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successful
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vaccination?
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C t x
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was ag
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
ainst smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980, s
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
mallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective vacc
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
ines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th century
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and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
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a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
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b. Self-nonself discrimination tx
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors
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d. Protection against viral infections tx tx tx
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to the
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same microbe tx
ANS: t x A
, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B lymphocy
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tes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system. Both the inn
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ate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
associated and soluble receptors to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-
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nonself discrimination, and protect against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same micr
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obe, the adaptive immune response becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this is t
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he manifestation of memory.
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4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types of
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immunity?
a. Innate and adaptive tx tx
b. Passive and active tx tx
c. Specific and nonspecific tx tx
d. Humoral and cell-mediated tx tx
e. Adult and neonatal tx tx
ANS: D t x
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocytes
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produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral immune re
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sponses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of intracellula
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r pathogens in cell-
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mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be mediated by either B or T lym
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phocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive immunity. Both B and T lymphocy
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tes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still developing in the neonatal period.
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5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
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a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes tx tx tx tx tx tx
b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes tx tx tx tx
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells tx tx tx tx tx tx
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells tx tx tx tx
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells tx tx tx tx tx
ANS: A t x
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Most
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effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other im
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mune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocytes, w
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hich directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
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Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells. tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
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a. Natural killer cells tx tx
b. Dendritic cells tx
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes tx tx
d. B lymphocytes tx
e. Helper T lymphocytes tx tx
ANS: D t x
Humoral immune responses are antibody- tx tx tx tx
mediated immune responses, and all antibodies are made by B lymphocytes and no other
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cell type. tx
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Chapter 01 Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
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Chapter 02 Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
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Chapter 03 Leukocyte Circulation and Migration Into Tissues
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Chapter 04 Innate Immunity
tx tx tx 10
Chapter 05 Antibodies and Antigens
tx tx tx tx 17
Chapter 06 Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes and the Functions of Major
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Histocompatibility Complex Molecules tx tx 20
Chapter 07 Immune Receptors and Signal Transduction
tx tx tx tx tx tx 27
Chapter 08 Lymphocyte Development and Antigen Receptor Gene Rearrangement
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx 30
Chapter 09 Activation of T Lymphocytes
tx tx tx tx tx 34
Chapter 10 Differentiation and Functions of CD4+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 11 Differentiation and Functions of CD8+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 12 B Cell Activation and Antibody Production
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Chapter 13 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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Chapter 14 Specialized Immunity at Epithelial Barriers and in Immune Privileged Tissues
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Chapter 15 Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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Chapter 16 Immunity to Microbes
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Chapter 17 Transplantation Immunology
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Chapter 18 Tumor Immunology
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Chapter 19 Hypersensitivity Disorders
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Chapter 20 Allergy
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Chapter 21 Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
tx tx tx tx tx 89
,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 11th Edition
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
MULTIPLE CHOICE tx
1. The principal function of the immune system is:
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
a. Defense against cancer tx tx
b. Repair of injured tissues tx tx tx
c. Defense against microbial infections tx tx tx
d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases tx tx tx
e. Protection against environmental toxins tx tx tx
ANS: C t x
The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbial
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that ―immunosur
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
veillance‖ against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is controversial. Re
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
pair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune responses and infla
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
mmation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are needed to prevent e
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
xcessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a primary function. The
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally does not offer protecti
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
on against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
tx tx tx tx tx
2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successful
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
vaccination?
a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C t x
In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was ag
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
ainst smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980, s
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
mallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective vacc
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
ines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th century
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens
tx tx tx tx tx tx
b. Self-nonself discrimination tx
c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
d. Protection against viral infections tx tx tx
e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to the
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
same microbe tx
ANS: t x A
, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B lymphocy
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
tes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system. Both the inn
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
ate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
associated and soluble receptors to recognize microbes, display some degree of self-
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
nonself discrimination, and protect against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same micr
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
obe, the adaptive immune response becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this is t
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
he manifestation of memory.
tx tx tx
4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types of
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
immunity?
a. Innate and adaptive tx tx
b. Passive and active tx tx
c. Specific and nonspecific tx tx
d. Humoral and cell-mediated tx tx
e. Adult and neonatal tx tx
ANS: D t x
Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocytes
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral immune re
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
sponses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of intracellula
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
r pathogens in cell-
tx tx tx
mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be mediated by either B or T lym
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
phocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive immunity. Both B and T lymphocy
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
tes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still developing in the neonatal period.
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes tx tx tx tx tx tx
b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes tx tx tx tx
c. Memory T cells and effector T cells tx tx tx tx tx tx
d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells tx tx tx tx
e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells tx tx tx tx tx
ANS: A t x
T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Most
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other im
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
mune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocytes, w
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
hich directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells. tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
a. Natural killer cells tx tx
b. Dendritic cells tx
c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes tx tx
d. B lymphocytes tx
e. Helper T lymphocytes tx tx
ANS: D t x
Humoral immune responses are antibody- tx tx tx tx
mediated immune responses, and all antibodies are made by B lymphocytes and no other
tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx tx
cell type. tx
