BSC 1005 Exam #2 |Questions with Solutions
DNA has the capacity to - -store genetic information, copy it, and pass it from one
generation to the other generation.
-Chromatin is - -DNA and proteins
-Nucleic acids - -DNA and RNA; consist of long chains of nucleotides. Therefore
nucleotides are monomers and nucleic acids are polymers.
-DNA is double stranded while - -RNA is single stranded.
-Each nucleotide consists of 3 main parts; - -a nitrogenous base with a purine or
pyrimidine, a pentose sugar with 5 carbon atoms, and a phosphate group consisting of 1, 2,
or 3 phosphate groups attached to the carbon atom.
-Purines - -Adenine and Guanine
-Pyrimidines - -Cytosine and Thymine
-Purines and Pyrimidines are connected by - -a hydrogen bond.
-Adenine is to _ as Cytosine is to _. - -Thymine; Guanine
-In RNA, Thymine is replaced by - -Uracil.
-It is the order of these bases in a nucleic acid - -that specifies genetic information.
-Small hydroxyl groups hang from - -the sugar portion of the nucleotide.
-DNAs have one less - -O (H & OH), hence the name Deoxy ribose, than RNA.
-RNA has two - -OH groups.
-In cells, each DNA molecule is organized as - -a chromosome.
-A chromosome - -consists of DNA and adssociated proteins, carries a cell' s genetic info.
-Genome (chromatin) - -entire DNA center of the cell.
-Rungs of DNA are made of - -nitrogen bases connected by hydrogen bonds.
-James Watson and Francis Crick - -won the Nobel prize for their 3D double helix model of
DNA molecule.
, -DNA contains - -anti-parallel strands; oriented but in different directions.
-Hydrogen bond sticks strands together and - -breaks when replicating.
-Role of enzymes: - -DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to new strand. To proofread
pairs are correctly matched uses ATP.
-DNA ligase - -participates in DNA repairs, fills in tiny gaps.
-Reproductive cloning - -Results in an exact genetic copy of an adult individual.
-Therapeutic cloning - -Cloned human embryos used in making stem cells that are used in
research.
-Human genome project - -The determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of DNA
of each human chromosome.
-Cell reproduction - -living cells dividing.
-Diploid cell - -made up of two sets of 23 chromosomes each.
-Haploid cell - -has only one set of 23 chromosomes.
-Mitosis - -a nuclear division mechanism that maintains the chromosome number.
Consists of Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
-Interphase - -The cell preparing for cell division. Consists of G1, S, and G2.
-G1 - -"Gap 1:" cell growth before DNA replication
-S - -"Synthesis:" DNA replication
-G2 - -"Gap 2:" preparation for division
-Cytokinesis - -division of cytoplasm
-Prophase - -First; chromatin threads to chromosomes, nucleolus disappears, nuclear
envelope breaks down, microtubules assemble.
-Chromosome structure - -two sister chromatids make up one chromosome, sister
chromatids are connected at the centromere region.
-Metaphase - -Middle; Formation of spindle apparatus, chromosome move to equatorial
plane, all 46 chromosomes are connected by spindle fibers.
DNA has the capacity to - -store genetic information, copy it, and pass it from one
generation to the other generation.
-Chromatin is - -DNA and proteins
-Nucleic acids - -DNA and RNA; consist of long chains of nucleotides. Therefore
nucleotides are monomers and nucleic acids are polymers.
-DNA is double stranded while - -RNA is single stranded.
-Each nucleotide consists of 3 main parts; - -a nitrogenous base with a purine or
pyrimidine, a pentose sugar with 5 carbon atoms, and a phosphate group consisting of 1, 2,
or 3 phosphate groups attached to the carbon atom.
-Purines - -Adenine and Guanine
-Pyrimidines - -Cytosine and Thymine
-Purines and Pyrimidines are connected by - -a hydrogen bond.
-Adenine is to _ as Cytosine is to _. - -Thymine; Guanine
-In RNA, Thymine is replaced by - -Uracil.
-It is the order of these bases in a nucleic acid - -that specifies genetic information.
-Small hydroxyl groups hang from - -the sugar portion of the nucleotide.
-DNAs have one less - -O (H & OH), hence the name Deoxy ribose, than RNA.
-RNA has two - -OH groups.
-In cells, each DNA molecule is organized as - -a chromosome.
-A chromosome - -consists of DNA and adssociated proteins, carries a cell' s genetic info.
-Genome (chromatin) - -entire DNA center of the cell.
-Rungs of DNA are made of - -nitrogen bases connected by hydrogen bonds.
-James Watson and Francis Crick - -won the Nobel prize for their 3D double helix model of
DNA molecule.
, -DNA contains - -anti-parallel strands; oriented but in different directions.
-Hydrogen bond sticks strands together and - -breaks when replicating.
-Role of enzymes: - -DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to new strand. To proofread
pairs are correctly matched uses ATP.
-DNA ligase - -participates in DNA repairs, fills in tiny gaps.
-Reproductive cloning - -Results in an exact genetic copy of an adult individual.
-Therapeutic cloning - -Cloned human embryos used in making stem cells that are used in
research.
-Human genome project - -The determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of DNA
of each human chromosome.
-Cell reproduction - -living cells dividing.
-Diploid cell - -made up of two sets of 23 chromosomes each.
-Haploid cell - -has only one set of 23 chromosomes.
-Mitosis - -a nuclear division mechanism that maintains the chromosome number.
Consists of Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
-Interphase - -The cell preparing for cell division. Consists of G1, S, and G2.
-G1 - -"Gap 1:" cell growth before DNA replication
-S - -"Synthesis:" DNA replication
-G2 - -"Gap 2:" preparation for division
-Cytokinesis - -division of cytoplasm
-Prophase - -First; chromatin threads to chromosomes, nucleolus disappears, nuclear
envelope breaks down, microtubules assemble.
-Chromosome structure - -two sister chromatids make up one chromosome, sister
chromatids are connected at the centromere region.
-Metaphase - -Middle; Formation of spindle apparatus, chromosome move to equatorial
plane, all 46 chromosomes are connected by spindle fibers.
