UW Bio 200 Exam 2 Questions With
Complete Solutions
/. Oxidative phosphorylation - Answer-involved in ETC and ATP synthase
/.ATP is a direct input in... - Answer-Glycolysis
/.Oxidation of glucose to CO2 - Answer-occurs in Glycolysis
/.What directly requires O2 - Answer-ETC and ATP synthase
/.Activated electron carriers are a direct output of - Answer-Glycolysis and Linking Step
and Kreb's cycle
/.Redox reactions occur in... - Answer-gylcolysis and linking step and krebs cycle and
ETC and ATP synthase
/.How does myosin affect actin filaments - Answer-Myosin causes actin filaments to
slide and move around the cell.
/.Lysosomes - Answer-Are responsible for digesting and recycling things in the cell
/.Feedback inhibition - Answer-When a molecule attaches to the repressor and prevents
transcription from occurring.
/.Explain how an enzyme affects the rate of a chemical reaction - Answer-When a
reactant binds to the active site of an enzyme, the enzyme lowers the activation energy
of the reaction by changing the metabolic pathway of the reaction. Once the products
are made, the enzyme releases it and can bind to another reactant. Enzymes do not
affect the free energy, only the activation energy.
/.Where is ATP synthesized? - Answer-The inter-membrane space
/.cytoplasm - Answer-where the genes are spliced
/.ribosomes - Answer-where the protein is primarily sythesized
/.cell membrane - Answer-where the completed gene goes to do its job
/.M phase - Answer-Where HAT enzymes are at lowest activity and microtubules bind
kinetochores
, /.S phase - Answer-helicase is catalyzing its reaction
/.G1 - Answer-Cells check for sufficient nutrient levels
/.G2 - Answer-Phosphodiester backbones of sister chromatids checked for breaks
/.oocyte - Answer-a cell in an ovary that may undergo meiotic division to form an ovum.
/.acrosome reaction - Answer-Therefore sperm cells go through a process known as the
acrosome reaction which is the reaction that occurs in the acrosome of the sperm as it
approaches the egg. The acrosome is a cap-like structure over the anterior half of the
sperm's head.
/.Specific molecules that are used as substrates for DNA replication and transcription -
Answer-ATP and NTP
/.A specific cell type that is found in gonads that go through mitosis - Answer-
spermatogonium and follicle cells
/.RNA primer - Answer-A primer is a strand of short nucleic acid sequences (generally
about 10 base pairs) that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis
/.intron - Answer-a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule that does not code for proteins
and interrupts the sequence of genes. Gets spliced out of the primary transcription
/.extron - Answer-a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule containing information coding
for a protein or peptide sequence.
/.enhancer - Answer-a short region of DNA which activates transcription of a gene or
transcription. Can be far from the promoter
/.Promoter - Answer-initiates transcription of a particular gene
/.active site - Answer-binds only with certain molecules
/.substrate - Answer-a molecule that binds with an enzyme and undergoes chemical
modification
/.lactose - Answer-the disaccharide that makes up more than half of the calories found
in cow's milk. Consists of galactose and glucose subunits
/.B-galactosidase / lactase - Answer-the enzyme that breaks down lactose into
galactose and glucose
/.ONPG - Answer-a compound consisting of B-gal molecule connected with a B-linkage
to ONP
Complete Solutions
/. Oxidative phosphorylation - Answer-involved in ETC and ATP synthase
/.ATP is a direct input in... - Answer-Glycolysis
/.Oxidation of glucose to CO2 - Answer-occurs in Glycolysis
/.What directly requires O2 - Answer-ETC and ATP synthase
/.Activated electron carriers are a direct output of - Answer-Glycolysis and Linking Step
and Kreb's cycle
/.Redox reactions occur in... - Answer-gylcolysis and linking step and krebs cycle and
ETC and ATP synthase
/.How does myosin affect actin filaments - Answer-Myosin causes actin filaments to
slide and move around the cell.
/.Lysosomes - Answer-Are responsible for digesting and recycling things in the cell
/.Feedback inhibition - Answer-When a molecule attaches to the repressor and prevents
transcription from occurring.
/.Explain how an enzyme affects the rate of a chemical reaction - Answer-When a
reactant binds to the active site of an enzyme, the enzyme lowers the activation energy
of the reaction by changing the metabolic pathway of the reaction. Once the products
are made, the enzyme releases it and can bind to another reactant. Enzymes do not
affect the free energy, only the activation energy.
/.Where is ATP synthesized? - Answer-The inter-membrane space
/.cytoplasm - Answer-where the genes are spliced
/.ribosomes - Answer-where the protein is primarily sythesized
/.cell membrane - Answer-where the completed gene goes to do its job
/.M phase - Answer-Where HAT enzymes are at lowest activity and microtubules bind
kinetochores
, /.S phase - Answer-helicase is catalyzing its reaction
/.G1 - Answer-Cells check for sufficient nutrient levels
/.G2 - Answer-Phosphodiester backbones of sister chromatids checked for breaks
/.oocyte - Answer-a cell in an ovary that may undergo meiotic division to form an ovum.
/.acrosome reaction - Answer-Therefore sperm cells go through a process known as the
acrosome reaction which is the reaction that occurs in the acrosome of the sperm as it
approaches the egg. The acrosome is a cap-like structure over the anterior half of the
sperm's head.
/.Specific molecules that are used as substrates for DNA replication and transcription -
Answer-ATP and NTP
/.A specific cell type that is found in gonads that go through mitosis - Answer-
spermatogonium and follicle cells
/.RNA primer - Answer-A primer is a strand of short nucleic acid sequences (generally
about 10 base pairs) that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis
/.intron - Answer-a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule that does not code for proteins
and interrupts the sequence of genes. Gets spliced out of the primary transcription
/.extron - Answer-a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule containing information coding
for a protein or peptide sequence.
/.enhancer - Answer-a short region of DNA which activates transcription of a gene or
transcription. Can be far from the promoter
/.Promoter - Answer-initiates transcription of a particular gene
/.active site - Answer-binds only with certain molecules
/.substrate - Answer-a molecule that binds with an enzyme and undergoes chemical
modification
/.lactose - Answer-the disaccharide that makes up more than half of the calories found
in cow's milk. Consists of galactose and glucose subunits
/.B-galactosidase / lactase - Answer-the enzyme that breaks down lactose into
galactose and glucose
/.ONPG - Answer-a compound consisting of B-gal molecule connected with a B-linkage
to ONP
