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What is the Structural and Functional Unit of any complex organism -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Cell
Characteristics of Healthy Cells - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Take in only the nutrients
needed to function properly
-Grow to a fairly uniform size and shape
-Multiply only when needed or directed to
-Don't infringe on each other's space
-Communicate and cooperate with each other for the good of the whole
organism
,Characteristics of Unhealthy Cells - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Take in all the nutrients
they can get, thereby depriving surrounding cells of vital nutrients
-Keep growing beyond their normal preprogrammed size and shape.
-Multiply out of control
-Infringe upon and push into and damage surrounding healthy cells
-Cease to communicate and/or cooperate with other cells or the body as a
whole. This leads to a breakdown in the function and structural integrity of
the tissue or organ involved.
Cell Theory States.. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Cells are the building blocks of plants
and animals
-All cells are produced by the division of pre-existing cells
-Cells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions
-Each cell maintains homeostasis at the cellular level
-Homeostasis at higher levels, reflects combined, coordinated action of
many cells
-The human body contains many different types of cells
Cytology - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The study of structure and function of cells
,Homeostasis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The property of a system (Cell, Tissue,
Organ, Organism) either open or closed, that regulates its internal
environment and tends to maintain a stable, constant condition.
A typical cell.. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Is surrounded by extra-cellular fluid, which
is the interstitial fluid of the tissue.
-Has an outer boundary called a cell membrane
-Has many components including the cellular organelles. These organelles
carry out all the vital processes required for life.
-Must take in nutrients from the interstitial fluid; use those nutrients to
create all the substances needed to carry on life; secrete any products
meant for use outside the cell; as well as excrete all waste products
Cell Membrane - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The outer boundary of a cell
DNA - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Is a sequence of chemical bases that essentially
stores information in a "code" that tells the cell what proteins to make
When unraveled, how far would DNA stretch? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔2-3 meters
long
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, When unraveled, all of the DNA in a single body would stretch how far? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔From the Earth to the Sun and around 400 times
How many DNA are in the body? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Approximately 35,000
genes that make up 300,000 different proteins
Membranous Organelles are surrounded by - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Lipid
Membranes
Membranous Organelles also feature - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Endoplasmic
reticulum
-Golgi Apparatus
-Lysosomes
-Peroxisomes
-Mitochondria
Non-Membranous Organelles are - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔not enclosed by a
membrane and always in touch with the cytosol.
Non-Membranous Organelles also consist of - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-
Cytoskeleton
-Microvilli