ATI Gas Exchange & Oxygenation Exam (2025–2026)
Q1. Which structure in the lungs is the primary site for gas exchange?
A. Trachea
B. Bronchi
C. Alveoli
D. Pleura
Q2. Which of the following best describes hypoxemia?
A. Decreased oxygen in tissues
B. Low oxygen in the blood
C. Low carbon dioxide in the blood
D. Increased oxygen in tissues
Q3. Which oxygen delivery device provides the highest concentration of oxygen?
A. Nasal cannula
B. Venturi mask
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. Simple face mask
Q4. What is the normal range for arterial oxygen saturation (SpO₂) in a healthy adult?
A. 70–80%
B. 80–85%
C. 95–100%
D. 65–75%
Q5. Which condition is most likely to impair gas exchange?
A. Hypertension
B. Pneumonia
C. Diabetes mellitus
D. Hypothyroidism
,Q6. A nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. Which oxygen delivery system is most
appropriate?
A. Non-rebreather mask
B. Simple face mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Nasopharyngeal tube
Q7. Which laboratory test best measures carbon dioxide levels in the blood?
A. CBC
B. Arterial blood gases (ABG)
C. Serum electrolytes
D. BNP
Q8. Which ABG result indicates respiratory acidosis?
A. pH 7.50, PaCO₂ 32 mmHg
B. pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 55 mmHg
C. pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 28 mmHg
D. pH 7.36, PaCO₂ 38 mmHg
Q9. Which early sign is most indicative of hypoxia?
A. Cyanosis
B. Restlessness
C. Coma
D. Bradycardia
Q10. A nurse is applying oxygen to a patient. Which safety precaution is correct?
A. Use petroleum jelly around the cannula
B. Keep oxygen cylinders near heat
C. Post “No Smoking” signs
D. Adjust flow without orders
Q11. Which breathing technique is most effective for patients with emphysema?
A. Deep diaphragmatic breathing
, B. Pursed-lip breathing
C. Shallow chest breathing
D. Rapid breathing
Q12. What is the normal PaO₂ level in arterial blood?
A. 60–70 mmHg
B. 80–100 mmHg
C. 100–120 mmHg
D. 50–60 mmHg
Q13. Which factor shifts the oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
A. Alkalosis
B. Acidosis
C. Hypothermia
D. Low CO₂
Q14. What is the primary stimulus for breathing in a healthy adult?
A. Oxygen level
B. Carbon dioxide level
C. Nitrogen balance
D. Hemoglobin level
Q15. Which patient is at greatest risk for impaired gas exchange?
A. A patient with a sprained ankle
B. A patient with asthma
C. A patient with arthritis
D. A patient with hypothyroidism
Q16. Which nursing intervention helps mobilize secretions in a patient with pneumonia?
A. Bed rest only
B. Encouraging coughing and deep breathing
Q1. Which structure in the lungs is the primary site for gas exchange?
A. Trachea
B. Bronchi
C. Alveoli
D. Pleura
Q2. Which of the following best describes hypoxemia?
A. Decreased oxygen in tissues
B. Low oxygen in the blood
C. Low carbon dioxide in the blood
D. Increased oxygen in tissues
Q3. Which oxygen delivery device provides the highest concentration of oxygen?
A. Nasal cannula
B. Venturi mask
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. Simple face mask
Q4. What is the normal range for arterial oxygen saturation (SpO₂) in a healthy adult?
A. 70–80%
B. 80–85%
C. 95–100%
D. 65–75%
Q5. Which condition is most likely to impair gas exchange?
A. Hypertension
B. Pneumonia
C. Diabetes mellitus
D. Hypothyroidism
,Q6. A nurse is caring for a patient with COPD. Which oxygen delivery system is most
appropriate?
A. Non-rebreather mask
B. Simple face mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Nasopharyngeal tube
Q7. Which laboratory test best measures carbon dioxide levels in the blood?
A. CBC
B. Arterial blood gases (ABG)
C. Serum electrolytes
D. BNP
Q8. Which ABG result indicates respiratory acidosis?
A. pH 7.50, PaCO₂ 32 mmHg
B. pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 55 mmHg
C. pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 28 mmHg
D. pH 7.36, PaCO₂ 38 mmHg
Q9. Which early sign is most indicative of hypoxia?
A. Cyanosis
B. Restlessness
C. Coma
D. Bradycardia
Q10. A nurse is applying oxygen to a patient. Which safety precaution is correct?
A. Use petroleum jelly around the cannula
B. Keep oxygen cylinders near heat
C. Post “No Smoking” signs
D. Adjust flow without orders
Q11. Which breathing technique is most effective for patients with emphysema?
A. Deep diaphragmatic breathing
, B. Pursed-lip breathing
C. Shallow chest breathing
D. Rapid breathing
Q12. What is the normal PaO₂ level in arterial blood?
A. 60–70 mmHg
B. 80–100 mmHg
C. 100–120 mmHg
D. 50–60 mmHg
Q13. Which factor shifts the oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
A. Alkalosis
B. Acidosis
C. Hypothermia
D. Low CO₂
Q14. What is the primary stimulus for breathing in a healthy adult?
A. Oxygen level
B. Carbon dioxide level
C. Nitrogen balance
D. Hemoglobin level
Q15. Which patient is at greatest risk for impaired gas exchange?
A. A patient with a sprained ankle
B. A patient with asthma
C. A patient with arthritis
D. A patient with hypothyroidism
Q16. Which nursing intervention helps mobilize secretions in a patient with pneumonia?
A. Bed rest only
B. Encouraging coughing and deep breathing
