PESTICIDES: COLORADO GENERAL PESTICIDE EXAM
Pesticide - Answer -chemical substance produced and sold for the control of pest
species, ending term derived from Latin "cida" meaning "to kill" although some merely
inhibit development not kill
FIFRA definition of Pesticide - Answer -includes: defoliants, plant growth regulators,
desiccants
Pesticide Types - Answer -Avicides
Bactericides
Disinfectants - (aka antimicrobials) control microorganisms
Fungicides
Herbicides
Insecticides - insects and arthropods
Defoliants - leaves/foliage drop from plants
Desiccants - dying or loss of moisture from plant tissues
Growth regulators
Molluscicides - slugs and snails
Nematicides - nematodes
Miticides - (aka acaricides) control mites and ticks
Piscicides
Predacides - predatory vertebrates
Repellents - insects, invertebrates, birds, mammals
Rodenticides
Wood preservatives - protect wood from decay and stain fungi, insects, and other wood
destroying organisms
Nematodes - Answer -microscopic, colorless, worm-like animals that live as
saprophytes (live on dead material) or parasites, cause diseases of plants or animals
Chemical Families - Answer -group of pesticides which are similar to one another in
chemical structure and pesticidal activity
similar properties such as poisoning symptoms, persistence, first aid, cleanup, and
safety guidelines
Organophosphates - Answer -synthetic organic pesticide containing C, H, and P
Carbamates - Answer -A group of pesticides commonly used for control of insects,
mites, fungi, and weeds
some are cholinesterase inhibitors
Sulfonylureas - Answer -herbicide family translocated through uptake by leaves and
roots
Phenoxys - Answer -herbicide family affecting actively growing plant tissues (2,4-D)
, Benzenes - Answer -colorless, flammable liquid aromatic hydrocarbon, used as
fungicide protectants
Mode of Action - Answer -the way pesticides affect and enter pests (site of action)
Inorganic - Answer -do not contain carbon, usually derived from mineral ores extracted
from the earth
Organic - Answer -contain carbon, mostly created by combining chemical compounds
but few are extracted from plant material (called botanicals)
NOP - Answer -National Organic Program: not same as organic pesticides, only
approve some
Contact Pesticide - Answer -only kill parts of the organism they physically come in
contact with, must be absorbed through external body surface or exposed plant tissue
Systemic Pesticice - Answer -move (translocate) from site of application to another site
within the plant or animal where they become effective
Stomach Poison - Answer -pesticide which the pest must eat in order to be intoxicated,
can eat directly (plant) or indirectly (get on self and groom)
Broad Spectrum Pesticide (advantage/disadvantage) - Answer -nonselective pesticide
meaning they control many species
- beneficial when several different pests infest a site
- detrimental to beneficial insects such as bio control organisms, pollinators, earthworms
Fumigants - Answer -forms gasses toxic to several organisms (broad spectrum)
Selective Pesticide - Answer -pesticide that only works on certain species (ex.
broadleaf)
Pre-plant - Answer -applied before planting
Pre-emergence - Answer -apply before seedlings emerge
Post-emergence - Answer -apply after seedlings have emerged
Residual effect - Answer -how long pesticide remains active against pests after it is
applied
Residual herbicides - Answer -nonselective applied to soil, control growing plants and
prevent growth of new plants for as long as the compound remains active (often several
years)
Pesticide - Answer -chemical substance produced and sold for the control of pest
species, ending term derived from Latin "cida" meaning "to kill" although some merely
inhibit development not kill
FIFRA definition of Pesticide - Answer -includes: defoliants, plant growth regulators,
desiccants
Pesticide Types - Answer -Avicides
Bactericides
Disinfectants - (aka antimicrobials) control microorganisms
Fungicides
Herbicides
Insecticides - insects and arthropods
Defoliants - leaves/foliage drop from plants
Desiccants - dying or loss of moisture from plant tissues
Growth regulators
Molluscicides - slugs and snails
Nematicides - nematodes
Miticides - (aka acaricides) control mites and ticks
Piscicides
Predacides - predatory vertebrates
Repellents - insects, invertebrates, birds, mammals
Rodenticides
Wood preservatives - protect wood from decay and stain fungi, insects, and other wood
destroying organisms
Nematodes - Answer -microscopic, colorless, worm-like animals that live as
saprophytes (live on dead material) or parasites, cause diseases of plants or animals
Chemical Families - Answer -group of pesticides which are similar to one another in
chemical structure and pesticidal activity
similar properties such as poisoning symptoms, persistence, first aid, cleanup, and
safety guidelines
Organophosphates - Answer -synthetic organic pesticide containing C, H, and P
Carbamates - Answer -A group of pesticides commonly used for control of insects,
mites, fungi, and weeds
some are cholinesterase inhibitors
Sulfonylureas - Answer -herbicide family translocated through uptake by leaves and
roots
Phenoxys - Answer -herbicide family affecting actively growing plant tissues (2,4-D)
, Benzenes - Answer -colorless, flammable liquid aromatic hydrocarbon, used as
fungicide protectants
Mode of Action - Answer -the way pesticides affect and enter pests (site of action)
Inorganic - Answer -do not contain carbon, usually derived from mineral ores extracted
from the earth
Organic - Answer -contain carbon, mostly created by combining chemical compounds
but few are extracted from plant material (called botanicals)
NOP - Answer -National Organic Program: not same as organic pesticides, only
approve some
Contact Pesticide - Answer -only kill parts of the organism they physically come in
contact with, must be absorbed through external body surface or exposed plant tissue
Systemic Pesticice - Answer -move (translocate) from site of application to another site
within the plant or animal where they become effective
Stomach Poison - Answer -pesticide which the pest must eat in order to be intoxicated,
can eat directly (plant) or indirectly (get on self and groom)
Broad Spectrum Pesticide (advantage/disadvantage) - Answer -nonselective pesticide
meaning they control many species
- beneficial when several different pests infest a site
- detrimental to beneficial insects such as bio control organisms, pollinators, earthworms
Fumigants - Answer -forms gasses toxic to several organisms (broad spectrum)
Selective Pesticide - Answer -pesticide that only works on certain species (ex.
broadleaf)
Pre-plant - Answer -applied before planting
Pre-emergence - Answer -apply before seedlings emerge
Post-emergence - Answer -apply after seedlings have emerged
Residual effect - Answer -how long pesticide remains active against pests after it is
applied
Residual herbicides - Answer -nonselective applied to soil, control growing plants and
prevent growth of new plants for as long as the compound remains active (often several
years)
