NRSG 2350 Exam 3 Study Guide Questions With Complete
Solutions
⍺1-adrenergic: Tamsulosin (Flomax) side effects Correct
Answer hypotension, erection last for hours
blocks alpha 1 receptors, releases smooth muscles to improve
urine flow
SE: hypoTN, HA, diahrrea, priapism
5 ⍺-reductase: Finasteride (Proscar) Correct Answer shrinks
prostate to open up urine flow
SE: decreased libido, PSA, gynecomastia
ACE inhibitors lisinopril Correct Answer first line drug for
HTN
*used for?* HTN, heart failure, MI, diabetic nephropathy
*side effects: persistent dry cough, angioedema(swelling of face,
can't breathe), hypotension, hyperkalemia
inhibits RAAS system, converts angiotensin 1-2
powerful vasoconstrictor
decrease in constrictor- +BP
monitor for hypotension, move slowly, should not be suddenly
stopped
asess for angioedema
"prils"- ace inhibitors
Acute Kidney Injury: General Correct Answer ▪Sudden loss
of renal function
▪↑Fluid, BUN, Creat, electrolytes
▪↓Urine output (<400ml/day),Acidosis(blood is acidotic)
,▪Stages: Initiation → Oliguric (1-7 days) → Diuretic →
Recovery,▪Dialysis if necessary, Usually reversible with
treatment
Can take up to a full year for full recovery
Too much fluid - leads to heart failure
ADH Correct Answer Hormone that regulates water/sodium
retention
Produced by pituitary gland
Alters the collecting tubules' permeability to water
anti water
Adrenergic blockers- Prazosin (minipress) - alpha blocker
Correct Answer blocks post synaptic alpha 1 receptors, dilates
peripheral arteries, lowers BP and peripheral resistance
uses: arteries, bladder, urthera, hypertension, BPH,
raynauds(decreased blood flow in fingers)
side effects: Orthostatic hypoTN= give at night, Reflex
tachycardia, Rebound hypotension= take at same time everyday
Nasal congestion, Impotence
Afterload Correct Answer The force or resistance against
which the heart pumps.
Aldosterone Correct Answer Hormone that regulates
water/sodium retention and potassium excretion
Produced and released by the adrenal cortex
Regulates water reabsorption by the distal tubules
Changes urine concentration by increasing sodium reabsorption
Helps control section of potassium by the distal tubules
,alpha 2 adrenergic agonists Correct Answer mimics the
effects of the hormone norepinephrine. treats a variety high
blood pressure, anxiety, and panic disorders. guanabenz,
guanfacine, and clonidine.
side effects: dizziness, HA, N/V, constipation,bradycardia,
depression, orthostatic hypotension
inhibit sympathetic activity and thus lower blood pressure
anatihistamines Correct Answer Competitively blocking H1
receptors which reduces the effect of histamine
1st Generation: diphenhydramine (Benedryl)- drowsiness -
confusion
2nd Generation: loratadine (Claritin)(less drowsy) - HA
Management of: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever), Itchy,
watery eyes, Motion sickness, Sleep disorders, Urticaria (hives)
cautions: Respiratory disease due to thickening of bronchial
secretions
Monitor for anticholinergic effects
angina pectoris (chest pain) Correct Answer unstable:
something going on with plaque , pain while resting, nitrates not
helping pain - causes MI
warning sign for MI
CAD leads to this
stable: predictable, exersice or activity
prezmetals/variant: pain at rest with reversible elevation,
coronary artery vasospasm
pain results from myocardial ischemia in major artery
imbalance between oxygen demand and supply
, Angiotensin II Correct Answer Potent vasoconstrictor in the
body
powerful vasoconstrictor of arterioles increase Na in DCT
releases ADH
angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBS)Losartan Correct Answer
"artans" - used for hypertension
blocks angiotensin 2 receptors
blocks release of aldosterone
prevents peripheral vasoconstriction
side effects: angioedema, renal failure, hyperkalemia(suppresses
aldosterone), angioedema
smooth muscles can't contrast
African americans start on ARBs before ACE
Antianginal drugs Correct Answer Dilate blood vessels,
decrease heart workload, nitrates, nonselective, selective beta
blockers and calcium channel blockers
Antianginal/Nitrates - nitro-bid, nitro stat Correct Answer
angina - chest pain
vasodilation - increases 02
improve blood delivery to heart muscles
decrease work of heart
decrease preload and after load
side effects: HA. dizziness, weakness, hypotension, pallor,
Antitussives - Dextromethorphan (Robitussin)
Codeine Correct Answer relieve or suppress coughing by
blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain
contraindications: Head Injury, cough needed to ensure airway
Solutions
⍺1-adrenergic: Tamsulosin (Flomax) side effects Correct
Answer hypotension, erection last for hours
blocks alpha 1 receptors, releases smooth muscles to improve
urine flow
SE: hypoTN, HA, diahrrea, priapism
5 ⍺-reductase: Finasteride (Proscar) Correct Answer shrinks
prostate to open up urine flow
SE: decreased libido, PSA, gynecomastia
ACE inhibitors lisinopril Correct Answer first line drug for
HTN
*used for?* HTN, heart failure, MI, diabetic nephropathy
*side effects: persistent dry cough, angioedema(swelling of face,
can't breathe), hypotension, hyperkalemia
inhibits RAAS system, converts angiotensin 1-2
powerful vasoconstrictor
decrease in constrictor- +BP
monitor for hypotension, move slowly, should not be suddenly
stopped
asess for angioedema
"prils"- ace inhibitors
Acute Kidney Injury: General Correct Answer ▪Sudden loss
of renal function
▪↑Fluid, BUN, Creat, electrolytes
▪↓Urine output (<400ml/day),Acidosis(blood is acidotic)
,▪Stages: Initiation → Oliguric (1-7 days) → Diuretic →
Recovery,▪Dialysis if necessary, Usually reversible with
treatment
Can take up to a full year for full recovery
Too much fluid - leads to heart failure
ADH Correct Answer Hormone that regulates water/sodium
retention
Produced by pituitary gland
Alters the collecting tubules' permeability to water
anti water
Adrenergic blockers- Prazosin (minipress) - alpha blocker
Correct Answer blocks post synaptic alpha 1 receptors, dilates
peripheral arteries, lowers BP and peripheral resistance
uses: arteries, bladder, urthera, hypertension, BPH,
raynauds(decreased blood flow in fingers)
side effects: Orthostatic hypoTN= give at night, Reflex
tachycardia, Rebound hypotension= take at same time everyday
Nasal congestion, Impotence
Afterload Correct Answer The force or resistance against
which the heart pumps.
Aldosterone Correct Answer Hormone that regulates
water/sodium retention and potassium excretion
Produced and released by the adrenal cortex
Regulates water reabsorption by the distal tubules
Changes urine concentration by increasing sodium reabsorption
Helps control section of potassium by the distal tubules
,alpha 2 adrenergic agonists Correct Answer mimics the
effects of the hormone norepinephrine. treats a variety high
blood pressure, anxiety, and panic disorders. guanabenz,
guanfacine, and clonidine.
side effects: dizziness, HA, N/V, constipation,bradycardia,
depression, orthostatic hypotension
inhibit sympathetic activity and thus lower blood pressure
anatihistamines Correct Answer Competitively blocking H1
receptors which reduces the effect of histamine
1st Generation: diphenhydramine (Benedryl)- drowsiness -
confusion
2nd Generation: loratadine (Claritin)(less drowsy) - HA
Management of: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever), Itchy,
watery eyes, Motion sickness, Sleep disorders, Urticaria (hives)
cautions: Respiratory disease due to thickening of bronchial
secretions
Monitor for anticholinergic effects
angina pectoris (chest pain) Correct Answer unstable:
something going on with plaque , pain while resting, nitrates not
helping pain - causes MI
warning sign for MI
CAD leads to this
stable: predictable, exersice or activity
prezmetals/variant: pain at rest with reversible elevation,
coronary artery vasospasm
pain results from myocardial ischemia in major artery
imbalance between oxygen demand and supply
, Angiotensin II Correct Answer Potent vasoconstrictor in the
body
powerful vasoconstrictor of arterioles increase Na in DCT
releases ADH
angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBS)Losartan Correct Answer
"artans" - used for hypertension
blocks angiotensin 2 receptors
blocks release of aldosterone
prevents peripheral vasoconstriction
side effects: angioedema, renal failure, hyperkalemia(suppresses
aldosterone), angioedema
smooth muscles can't contrast
African americans start on ARBs before ACE
Antianginal drugs Correct Answer Dilate blood vessels,
decrease heart workload, nitrates, nonselective, selective beta
blockers and calcium channel blockers
Antianginal/Nitrates - nitro-bid, nitro stat Correct Answer
angina - chest pain
vasodilation - increases 02
improve blood delivery to heart muscles
decrease work of heart
decrease preload and after load
side effects: HA. dizziness, weakness, hypotension, pallor,
Antitussives - Dextromethorphan (Robitussin)
Codeine Correct Answer relieve or suppress coughing by
blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain
contraindications: Head Injury, cough needed to ensure airway
