BIO 201 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS &
COMPLETE CORRECT SOLUTIONS
stratum corneum - correct answer ✔✔up to 30 layers, dead scaly keratinized cells, resistant to
abrasion and water loss. MOST SUPERFICIAL LAYER
Describe the epidermis in detail - correct answer ✔✔keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium; no blood vessels;5 zones layers
What are the 5 zones of the epidermis? Come Lets Get Sun Burned - correct answer ✔✔stratum
corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
stratum lucidum - correct answer ✔✔-in thick skin only, no nuclei or organelles, cells are filled
with eleidin.
stratum granulosum - correct answer ✔✔-3-5 layers of granule and vesicle containing
keratinocytes,cells are dying, forms an epidermal water barrier that waterproofs the skin, cells
above die because they are cut off from the nutrients.
stratum spinosum - correct answer ✔✔-thickest layer, 2nd deepest, more living kerinocytes,
contains dendritic cells.
,stratum basale - correct answer ✔✔-DEEPEST LAYER; cells that divide rapidly, connective tissues
underneath, single layer of cuboidal or low columnar sitting on basement membrane.
((and then dermis))
eumelanin - correct answer ✔✔black/ brown
pheomelanin - correct answer ✔✔reddish-yellow
Describe the dermis - correct answer ✔✔2 dermal layers/ deeper then epidermis: papillary,
reticular layers
papillary - correct answer ✔✔areolar tissue, allows for motility of white blood cells
reticular layers - correct answer ✔✔thick collagen, responsible for stretch marks adipocytes
dermal papilla - correct answer ✔✔are upward extensions of the dermis into the epidermis
forming the ridges of the fingerprints
piloerector muscles - correct answer ✔✔smooth muscles (skeleton muscle in face((emotions)))
Describe the structure and function of the hypodermis - correct answer ✔✔binds skin to
underlying tissue, lots of adipose, energy reservoir, thermal insulation, hypodermic injections
into subcutaneous tissue since highly vascular
List terms that are synonymous with hypodermis - correct answer ✔✔subcutaneous tissue or
superficial fascia
, Recall the various pigments that can contribute to skin color - correct answer ✔✔hemoglobin,
carotene, melanin
hemoglobin - correct answer ✔✔- red pigment of red blood cells
carotene - correct answer ✔✔- yellow pigment from diet
cyanosis - correct answer ✔✔- blueness from Oxygen deficiency in blood (cold)
erythma - correct answer ✔✔- redness due to dilated cutaneous vessels(blushing)
jaundice - correct answer ✔✔- yellowing due to excess of bilirubin in blood(liver disease)
bronzing - correct answer ✔✔- golden-brown color- addison disease (deficiency of glucocortoid
hormone)
pallor - correct answer ✔✔- pale color from lack of blood flow
hematoma - correct answer ✔✔- bruise (visible clotted blood)
hemangiomas - correct answer ✔✔- discolored skin caused by tumors of dermal blood
capillaries; port wine; strawberries
mole - correct answer ✔✔- elevated melanized skin, usually benign
friction ridges - correct answer ✔✔- leave oily fingerprints on touched surfaces (born with)
COMPLETE CORRECT SOLUTIONS
stratum corneum - correct answer ✔✔up to 30 layers, dead scaly keratinized cells, resistant to
abrasion and water loss. MOST SUPERFICIAL LAYER
Describe the epidermis in detail - correct answer ✔✔keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium; no blood vessels;5 zones layers
What are the 5 zones of the epidermis? Come Lets Get Sun Burned - correct answer ✔✔stratum
corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
stratum lucidum - correct answer ✔✔-in thick skin only, no nuclei or organelles, cells are filled
with eleidin.
stratum granulosum - correct answer ✔✔-3-5 layers of granule and vesicle containing
keratinocytes,cells are dying, forms an epidermal water barrier that waterproofs the skin, cells
above die because they are cut off from the nutrients.
stratum spinosum - correct answer ✔✔-thickest layer, 2nd deepest, more living kerinocytes,
contains dendritic cells.
,stratum basale - correct answer ✔✔-DEEPEST LAYER; cells that divide rapidly, connective tissues
underneath, single layer of cuboidal or low columnar sitting on basement membrane.
((and then dermis))
eumelanin - correct answer ✔✔black/ brown
pheomelanin - correct answer ✔✔reddish-yellow
Describe the dermis - correct answer ✔✔2 dermal layers/ deeper then epidermis: papillary,
reticular layers
papillary - correct answer ✔✔areolar tissue, allows for motility of white blood cells
reticular layers - correct answer ✔✔thick collagen, responsible for stretch marks adipocytes
dermal papilla - correct answer ✔✔are upward extensions of the dermis into the epidermis
forming the ridges of the fingerprints
piloerector muscles - correct answer ✔✔smooth muscles (skeleton muscle in face((emotions)))
Describe the structure and function of the hypodermis - correct answer ✔✔binds skin to
underlying tissue, lots of adipose, energy reservoir, thermal insulation, hypodermic injections
into subcutaneous tissue since highly vascular
List terms that are synonymous with hypodermis - correct answer ✔✔subcutaneous tissue or
superficial fascia
, Recall the various pigments that can contribute to skin color - correct answer ✔✔hemoglobin,
carotene, melanin
hemoglobin - correct answer ✔✔- red pigment of red blood cells
carotene - correct answer ✔✔- yellow pigment from diet
cyanosis - correct answer ✔✔- blueness from Oxygen deficiency in blood (cold)
erythma - correct answer ✔✔- redness due to dilated cutaneous vessels(blushing)
jaundice - correct answer ✔✔- yellowing due to excess of bilirubin in blood(liver disease)
bronzing - correct answer ✔✔- golden-brown color- addison disease (deficiency of glucocortoid
hormone)
pallor - correct answer ✔✔- pale color from lack of blood flow
hematoma - correct answer ✔✔- bruise (visible clotted blood)
hemangiomas - correct answer ✔✔- discolored skin caused by tumors of dermal blood
capillaries; port wine; strawberries
mole - correct answer ✔✔- elevated melanized skin, usually benign
friction ridges - correct answer ✔✔- leave oily fingerprints on touched surfaces (born with)
