NUR 301 MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING FINAL EXAM/LATEST
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS (WALDEN UNIVERSITY) 2024-2025
Name: ____________________
Date: ____________________
Instructor: ____________________
Instructions:
Answer all questions. Choose the best answer for multiple-choice questions, mark True/False clearly, and write short answers
legibly. Case-based questions require you to read carefully and apply your knowledge.
QUESTIONS (100 TOTAL)
1. (MCQ) Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in renal failure?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: A. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Kidney failure leads to reduced potassium excretion, causing hyperkalemia.
2. (True/False) Oxygen administration is the priority intervention for a patient with acute chest pain.
Correct Answer: True
Rationale: Oxygen improves tissue perfusion and is the first step in the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation).
3. (Fill in the Blank) The organ affected by cirrhosis is ___________.
Correct Answer: Liver
,1. (MCQ) Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in renal failure?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: A. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Reduced kidney function leads to potassium retention.
2. (True/False) Oxygen administration is the first priority for a patient with acute chest pain.
Correct Answer: True
Rationale: Oxygen improves perfusion and prevents hypoxia while further interventions are initiated.
3. (Fill in the Blank) The organ affected by cirrhosis is __________.
Correct Answer: Liver
Rationale: Cirrhosis causes scarring and impaired function of the liver.
4. (MCQ) What is the normal range for serum potassium?
A. 2.5–3.0
B. 3.5–5.0
C. 5.5–6.0
D. 6.5–7.0
Correct Answer: B. 3.5–5.0
Rationale: This range is considered normal for potassium and crucial for cardiac function.
5. (Short Answer) Name ONE priority nursing intervention for a patient in pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer: Start oxygen therapy
Rationale: Oxygenation prevents worsening hypoxia while other interventions are prepared.
6. (MCQ) After thyroid surgery, the nurse should monitor for which complication?
A. Hypocalcemia
, B. Hyperglycemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: A. Hypocalcemia
Rationale: Accidental damage to parathyroid glands can lower calcium levels, causing tetany.
7. (True/False) Tachycardia is the earliest sign of hypovolemic shock.
Correct Answer: True
Rationale: The heart rate rises to compensate for decreased circulating volume.
8. (Case-Based MCQ)
A 70-year-old patient presents with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Chest X-ray shows right lung
consolidation.
Which intervention is MOST important?
A. Encourage deep breathing and coughing
B. Start IV antibiotics
C. Provide humidified oxygen
D. Place in supine position
Correct Answer: C. Provide humidified oxygen
Rationale: Oxygenation is the first priority before initiating medications.
9. (Fill in the Blank) The safest oxygen flow rate for a COPD patient is ________ L/min.
Correct Answer: 1–2 L/min
Rationale: Higher flow rates may suppress the hypoxic drive and worsen CO₂ retention.
10. (MCQ) Which lab result confirms diabetes mellitus?
A. Fasting glucose 6.5 mmol/L
B. Fasting glucose 7.5 mmol/L
C. Fasting glucose 8.0 mmol/L
D. Fasting glucose 5.0 mmol/L
Correct Answer: C. Fasting glucose 8.0 mmol/L
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS (WALDEN UNIVERSITY) 2024-2025
Name: ____________________
Date: ____________________
Instructor: ____________________
Instructions:
Answer all questions. Choose the best answer for multiple-choice questions, mark True/False clearly, and write short answers
legibly. Case-based questions require you to read carefully and apply your knowledge.
QUESTIONS (100 TOTAL)
1. (MCQ) Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in renal failure?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: A. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Kidney failure leads to reduced potassium excretion, causing hyperkalemia.
2. (True/False) Oxygen administration is the priority intervention for a patient with acute chest pain.
Correct Answer: True
Rationale: Oxygen improves tissue perfusion and is the first step in the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation).
3. (Fill in the Blank) The organ affected by cirrhosis is ___________.
Correct Answer: Liver
,1. (MCQ) Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in renal failure?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: A. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Reduced kidney function leads to potassium retention.
2. (True/False) Oxygen administration is the first priority for a patient with acute chest pain.
Correct Answer: True
Rationale: Oxygen improves perfusion and prevents hypoxia while further interventions are initiated.
3. (Fill in the Blank) The organ affected by cirrhosis is __________.
Correct Answer: Liver
Rationale: Cirrhosis causes scarring and impaired function of the liver.
4. (MCQ) What is the normal range for serum potassium?
A. 2.5–3.0
B. 3.5–5.0
C. 5.5–6.0
D. 6.5–7.0
Correct Answer: B. 3.5–5.0
Rationale: This range is considered normal for potassium and crucial for cardiac function.
5. (Short Answer) Name ONE priority nursing intervention for a patient in pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer: Start oxygen therapy
Rationale: Oxygenation prevents worsening hypoxia while other interventions are prepared.
6. (MCQ) After thyroid surgery, the nurse should monitor for which complication?
A. Hypocalcemia
, B. Hyperglycemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: A. Hypocalcemia
Rationale: Accidental damage to parathyroid glands can lower calcium levels, causing tetany.
7. (True/False) Tachycardia is the earliest sign of hypovolemic shock.
Correct Answer: True
Rationale: The heart rate rises to compensate for decreased circulating volume.
8. (Case-Based MCQ)
A 70-year-old patient presents with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Chest X-ray shows right lung
consolidation.
Which intervention is MOST important?
A. Encourage deep breathing and coughing
B. Start IV antibiotics
C. Provide humidified oxygen
D. Place in supine position
Correct Answer: C. Provide humidified oxygen
Rationale: Oxygenation is the first priority before initiating medications.
9. (Fill in the Blank) The safest oxygen flow rate for a COPD patient is ________ L/min.
Correct Answer: 1–2 L/min
Rationale: Higher flow rates may suppress the hypoxic drive and worsen CO₂ retention.
10. (MCQ) Which lab result confirms diabetes mellitus?
A. Fasting glucose 6.5 mmol/L
B. Fasting glucose 7.5 mmol/L
C. Fasting glucose 8.0 mmol/L
D. Fasting glucose 5.0 mmol/L
Correct Answer: C. Fasting glucose 8.0 mmol/L
