Anatomy and Physiology I (Test #1)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2lm2e
1. Cell Basic structural and functional unit of the body.
2. Levels of the Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, system level, organism level.
body
3. Basic life process- A set of processes all organisms must do to live.
es
4. Metabolism Sum total of all chemical reactions in the body. A "basic life process."
5. Anabolism The phase of metabolism in which simple substances are synthesized into the
complex materials of living tissue. Building upward.
6. Catabolism The process of breaking things down.
7. Responsiveness React to a stimulus/change in environment. A "basic life process."
8. Growth/matura- An increase in size and in chance of survival. We must get smarter, learn what is
tion helpful and harmful. A "basic life process."
9. Movement Locomotion, transportation. Can include the pulsing of the heart, blood flowing,
air moving in and out of lungs... A "basic life process."
10. Differentiation Starts in the womb; cells change shape and function to form skin, organs, etc.
(Ex. We start as one cell, a fertilized egg, then grow to trillions of cells.) Cells are
replaced and formed. A "basic life process."
11. Reproduction Form one: reproduction of cells. Form two: reproduction of organisms (i.e. kids).
A "basic life process."
12. Homeostasis Maintaining a constant and optimal internal environment.
13. Internal environ- Body fluids.
ment
1/6
, Anatomy and Physiology I (Test #1)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2lm2e
14. Feedback Mechanism used to detect when something in the environment changes.
loops/circuit
15. Negative feed- The body's response is in direct opposition to the stimulus. (Ex. Stimulus causes
back loop/circuit rise in blood pressure, negative feedback circuit makes it go back down.)
16. Positive feedback The body's response adds to the stimulus, makes it stronger. (Two primary exam-
loop/circuit ples are birth and clotting.)
17. Physical charac- Volume, color, pressure.
teristics of a fluid
18. Chemical charac- How much sodium, etc.
teristics of a fluid
19. Parts of a feed- 1. Receptor, detects stimulus; 2. Control center, performs basic analysis and com-
back loop/circuit municates with receptor; 3. Effector, carries out correction, communicates with the
brain. (Ex. There's a sudden change in temperature, so the brain, unable to do
anything directly, alerts sweat glands.)
20. Sagittal plane A directional term used for the body, drawn vertically down the center. Cuts body
into left and right. Also known as "midline."
21. Transverse plane A directional term used for the body, drawn horizontally. Cuts body into lower and
upper sections.
22. Frontal plane A directional term used for the body, cuts into front and back portion.
23. Superior Upward.
24. Inferior Downward.
25. Anterior/ventral In front.
26. Posterior/dorsal In back.
2/6
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2lm2e
1. Cell Basic structural and functional unit of the body.
2. Levels of the Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, system level, organism level.
body
3. Basic life process- A set of processes all organisms must do to live.
es
4. Metabolism Sum total of all chemical reactions in the body. A "basic life process."
5. Anabolism The phase of metabolism in which simple substances are synthesized into the
complex materials of living tissue. Building upward.
6. Catabolism The process of breaking things down.
7. Responsiveness React to a stimulus/change in environment. A "basic life process."
8. Growth/matura- An increase in size and in chance of survival. We must get smarter, learn what is
tion helpful and harmful. A "basic life process."
9. Movement Locomotion, transportation. Can include the pulsing of the heart, blood flowing,
air moving in and out of lungs... A "basic life process."
10. Differentiation Starts in the womb; cells change shape and function to form skin, organs, etc.
(Ex. We start as one cell, a fertilized egg, then grow to trillions of cells.) Cells are
replaced and formed. A "basic life process."
11. Reproduction Form one: reproduction of cells. Form two: reproduction of organisms (i.e. kids).
A "basic life process."
12. Homeostasis Maintaining a constant and optimal internal environment.
13. Internal environ- Body fluids.
ment
1/6
, Anatomy and Physiology I (Test #1)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2lm2e
14. Feedback Mechanism used to detect when something in the environment changes.
loops/circuit
15. Negative feed- The body's response is in direct opposition to the stimulus. (Ex. Stimulus causes
back loop/circuit rise in blood pressure, negative feedback circuit makes it go back down.)
16. Positive feedback The body's response adds to the stimulus, makes it stronger. (Two primary exam-
loop/circuit ples are birth and clotting.)
17. Physical charac- Volume, color, pressure.
teristics of a fluid
18. Chemical charac- How much sodium, etc.
teristics of a fluid
19. Parts of a feed- 1. Receptor, detects stimulus; 2. Control center, performs basic analysis and com-
back loop/circuit municates with receptor; 3. Effector, carries out correction, communicates with the
brain. (Ex. There's a sudden change in temperature, so the brain, unable to do
anything directly, alerts sweat glands.)
20. Sagittal plane A directional term used for the body, drawn vertically down the center. Cuts body
into left and right. Also known as "midline."
21. Transverse plane A directional term used for the body, drawn horizontally. Cuts body into lower and
upper sections.
22. Frontal plane A directional term used for the body, cuts into front and back portion.
23. Superior Upward.
24. Inferior Downward.
25. Anterior/ventral In front.
26. Posterior/dorsal In back.
2/6
