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NUR 410 EXAM 3 Questions and Answers
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Cervical
Ans: ACS recommends cervical cancer screening with an HPV test alone
every 5 years for everyone with a cervix from age 25 until age 65. If HPV
testing alone is not available, people can get screened with an HPV/Pap
cotest every 5 years or a Pap test every 3 years.
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Breast
Ans: Women ages 40 to 44 should have the choice to start annual breast
cancer screening with mammograms (x-rays of the breast) if they wish to
do so.
Women age 45 to 54 should get mammograms every year.
Women 55 and older should switch to mammograms every 2 years, or
can continue yearly screening.
Screening should continue as long as a woman is in good health and is
expected to live 10 more years or longer.
All women should be familiar with the known benefits, limitations, and
potential harms linked to breast cancer screening.
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Colon
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Ans: Regular screening at age 45. This can be done either with a
sensitive test that looks for signs of cancer in a person's stool (a stool-
based test), or with an exam that looks at the colon and rectum (a visual
exam).
If you're in good health, you should continue regular screening through
age 75.
For people ages 76 through 85, talk with your health care provider about
whether continuing to get screened is right for you. When deciding, take
into account your own preferences, overall health, and past screening
history.
People over 85 should no longer get colorectal cancer screening.
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Endometrial
Ans: at the time of menopause, all women should be told about the risks
and symptoms of endometrial cancer. Women should report any
unexpected vaginal bleeding or spotting to their doctors.
Some women - because of their history - may need to consider having a
yearly endometrial biopsy. Please talk with a health care provider about
your history
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Lung
Ans: Are aged 55 to 74 years and in fairly good health and
Currently smoke or have quit smoking in the past 15 years and
Have at least a 30 pack-year smoking history. (A pack-year is 1 pack of
cigarettes per day per year. One pack per day for 30 years or 2 packs per
day for 15 years would both be 30 pack-years.)
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Prostate
© 2025 All rights reserved
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Ans: Starting at age 50, men should talk to a health care provider about
the pros and cons of testing so they can decide if testing is the right
choice for them.
If you are African American or have a father or brother who had prostate
cancer before age 65, you should have this talk with a health care
provider starting at age 45.
If you decide to be tested, you should get a PSA blood test with or
without a rectal exam. How often you're tested will depend on your PSA
level.
Breast cancer early detection
Ans: Long term surveillance focuses on early detection
Women at high risk benefit from MRI and yearly mammogram
Clinical breast exams twice a year starting at age 25
Chemoprevention: Women at high risk Tamoxifen and raloxifene
Prophylactic mastectomy
breast cancer diagnosis
© 2025 All rights reserved
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Ans: Early detection via self-examination and mammography
X-ray examination
American Cancer Society recommends screening every year for women
40 and over
U.S. Prevention Services Task Force on Breast Cancer Screening
recommends 50 and over
Breast self-examination (BSE; "breast self-awareness") 5 to 7 days after
menses
Mammography Annually after the age of 40 years Digital and 3D Contrast
Ultrasonography
MRI
Tissue analysis Percutaneous biopsy Fine-needle aspiration Core needle
biopsy Stereotactic core biopsy Ultrasound-guided core biopsy MRI core
biopsy
Staging: TMN (tumor, nodes, metastasis)
Chest x-ray, CT, MRI, PET, bone scan and blood work
Prognosis Tumor size Spread to the lymph nodes? Certain genes (ERBB2)
breast cancer treatment
© 2025 All rights reserved
NUR 410 EXAM 3 Questions and Answers
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Cervical
Ans: ACS recommends cervical cancer screening with an HPV test alone
every 5 years for everyone with a cervix from age 25 until age 65. If HPV
testing alone is not available, people can get screened with an HPV/Pap
cotest every 5 years or a Pap test every 3 years.
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Breast
Ans: Women ages 40 to 44 should have the choice to start annual breast
cancer screening with mammograms (x-rays of the breast) if they wish to
do so.
Women age 45 to 54 should get mammograms every year.
Women 55 and older should switch to mammograms every 2 years, or
can continue yearly screening.
Screening should continue as long as a woman is in good health and is
expected to live 10 more years or longer.
All women should be familiar with the known benefits, limitations, and
potential harms linked to breast cancer screening.
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Colon
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
Ans: Regular screening at age 45. This can be done either with a
sensitive test that looks for signs of cancer in a person's stool (a stool-
based test), or with an exam that looks at the colon and rectum (a visual
exam).
If you're in good health, you should continue regular screening through
age 75.
For people ages 76 through 85, talk with your health care provider about
whether continuing to get screened is right for you. When deciding, take
into account your own preferences, overall health, and past screening
history.
People over 85 should no longer get colorectal cancer screening.
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Endometrial
Ans: at the time of menopause, all women should be told about the risks
and symptoms of endometrial cancer. Women should report any
unexpected vaginal bleeding or spotting to their doctors.
Some women - because of their history - may need to consider having a
yearly endometrial biopsy. Please talk with a health care provider about
your history
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Lung
Ans: Are aged 55 to 74 years and in fairly good health and
Currently smoke or have quit smoking in the past 15 years and
Have at least a 30 pack-year smoking history. (A pack-year is 1 pack of
cigarettes per day per year. One pack per day for 30 years or 2 packs per
day for 15 years would both be 30 pack-years.)
ACS Guidelines for Cancer Screenings: Prostate
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
Ans: Starting at age 50, men should talk to a health care provider about
the pros and cons of testing so they can decide if testing is the right
choice for them.
If you are African American or have a father or brother who had prostate
cancer before age 65, you should have this talk with a health care
provider starting at age 45.
If you decide to be tested, you should get a PSA blood test with or
without a rectal exam. How often you're tested will depend on your PSA
level.
Breast cancer early detection
Ans: Long term surveillance focuses on early detection
Women at high risk benefit from MRI and yearly mammogram
Clinical breast exams twice a year starting at age 25
Chemoprevention: Women at high risk Tamoxifen and raloxifene
Prophylactic mastectomy
breast cancer diagnosis
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4 | Page
Ans: Early detection via self-examination and mammography
X-ray examination
American Cancer Society recommends screening every year for women
40 and over
U.S. Prevention Services Task Force on Breast Cancer Screening
recommends 50 and over
Breast self-examination (BSE; "breast self-awareness") 5 to 7 days after
menses
Mammography Annually after the age of 40 years Digital and 3D Contrast
Ultrasonography
MRI
Tissue analysis Percutaneous biopsy Fine-needle aspiration Core needle
biopsy Stereotactic core biopsy Ultrasound-guided core biopsy MRI core
biopsy
Staging: TMN (tumor, nodes, metastasis)
Chest x-ray, CT, MRI, PET, bone scan and blood work
Prognosis Tumor size Spread to the lymph nodes? Certain genes (ERBB2)
breast cancer treatment
© 2025 All rights reserved
