PNCB Board Exam Review Part 13
Hematology Oncology Questions and
Answers10
Where should children with chronic granulomatous disease not to play? - ANSWERS -Places with
possible spores/mold exposure, avoid swimming in fresh water
Lower pediatric limit for Hgb - ANSWERS -11 g/dL
Lower pediatric limit for Hct - ANSWERS -31-36%
Incompatibility between ABO blood group of the fetus and the mother leading to hemolysis of
fetal RBCs; Blood type of mother O, blood type of baby A, B, or AB, and Coombs test positive is
suggestive of? - ANSWERS -ABO incompatibility
ABO incompatibility typically leads to what signs and symptoms in the infant? - ANSWERS -
Anemia, Jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly
Treatment ABO incompatibility - ANSWERS -Phototherapy; exchange transfusion if severe
anemia
Incompatibility between Rh blood group of the mother and fetus (mother is Rh negative and
baby is Rh positive); causes hemolysis resulting in anemia and hyperbilirubinemia; signs and
symptoms include jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly - ANSWERS -Rh incompatibility
If mother is Rh negative on Rh isoimmunization screen at first prenatal visit, what test result
would the father have to have to indicate that the pregnancy is at risk of Rh incompatibility? -
ANSWERS -Rh positive
, Treatment for Rh incompatibility - ANSWERS -Phototherapy with exchange transfusion if
indicated
Untreated neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can lead to what life-threatening condition? - ANSWERS
-Encephalopathy (kernicterus)
Physiologic hyperbilirubinemia is related to what measure of bilirubin? (direct/conjugated or
indirect/unconjugated) - ANSWERS -Indirect/unconjugated
Physiologic jaundice peaks within how many days of life and resolves when? - ANSWERS -Peaks
at 3-5 days of life, resolves within 10 days
Breastmilk jaundice develops when? How do you resolve it? - ANSWERS -Develops after 7th
DOL; resolves after discontinuation of breastfeeding x1-2 days, then breastfeeding can resume
Jaundice in the first day of life is suggestive of? - ANSWERS -Pathologic (Direct/conjugated)
hyperbilirubinemia
Where does jaundice start and how does it spread? - ANSWERS -Starts on the head, spreads
downward as bili increases; at least 15 mg/dL when noted on distal extremities
Treatment of unconjugated/indirect (physiologic) hyperbilirubinemia - ANSWERS
-Hydration/feeding, phototherapy, exchange transfusion
Inherited condition in which people do not make enough hemoglobin; signs and symptoms
include pale skin or mucus membranes, weakness, and characteristic facial features (frontal
bossing, frontal teeth exposure, prominence of malar eminences) - ANSWERS -Beta thalassemia
Hematology Oncology Questions and
Answers10
Where should children with chronic granulomatous disease not to play? - ANSWERS -Places with
possible spores/mold exposure, avoid swimming in fresh water
Lower pediatric limit for Hgb - ANSWERS -11 g/dL
Lower pediatric limit for Hct - ANSWERS -31-36%
Incompatibility between ABO blood group of the fetus and the mother leading to hemolysis of
fetal RBCs; Blood type of mother O, blood type of baby A, B, or AB, and Coombs test positive is
suggestive of? - ANSWERS -ABO incompatibility
ABO incompatibility typically leads to what signs and symptoms in the infant? - ANSWERS -
Anemia, Jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly
Treatment ABO incompatibility - ANSWERS -Phototherapy; exchange transfusion if severe
anemia
Incompatibility between Rh blood group of the mother and fetus (mother is Rh negative and
baby is Rh positive); causes hemolysis resulting in anemia and hyperbilirubinemia; signs and
symptoms include jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly - ANSWERS -Rh incompatibility
If mother is Rh negative on Rh isoimmunization screen at first prenatal visit, what test result
would the father have to have to indicate that the pregnancy is at risk of Rh incompatibility? -
ANSWERS -Rh positive
, Treatment for Rh incompatibility - ANSWERS -Phototherapy with exchange transfusion if
indicated
Untreated neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can lead to what life-threatening condition? - ANSWERS
-Encephalopathy (kernicterus)
Physiologic hyperbilirubinemia is related to what measure of bilirubin? (direct/conjugated or
indirect/unconjugated) - ANSWERS -Indirect/unconjugated
Physiologic jaundice peaks within how many days of life and resolves when? - ANSWERS -Peaks
at 3-5 days of life, resolves within 10 days
Breastmilk jaundice develops when? How do you resolve it? - ANSWERS -Develops after 7th
DOL; resolves after discontinuation of breastfeeding x1-2 days, then breastfeeding can resume
Jaundice in the first day of life is suggestive of? - ANSWERS -Pathologic (Direct/conjugated)
hyperbilirubinemia
Where does jaundice start and how does it spread? - ANSWERS -Starts on the head, spreads
downward as bili increases; at least 15 mg/dL when noted on distal extremities
Treatment of unconjugated/indirect (physiologic) hyperbilirubinemia - ANSWERS
-Hydration/feeding, phototherapy, exchange transfusion
Inherited condition in which people do not make enough hemoglobin; signs and symptoms
include pale skin or mucus membranes, weakness, and characteristic facial features (frontal
bossing, frontal teeth exposure, prominence of malar eminences) - ANSWERS -Beta thalassemia
