|||\\\
NR572 Final exam with correct answers |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
After giving IV alteplase, what should be done 24 hours prior to initiating anticoagulants or
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
antiplatelet agents? - correct answer✔✔A follow-up CT scan of the head |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Indications of lumbar puncture - correct answer✔✔CSF sample for examination; pressure
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
measurements (NPH); reduction in CSF pressure:; -infections; -SAH; -Inflammatory conditions; - |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
MS; -carcinomatosis; Spinal anesthetics, antitumor agents, antibiotics; radio-opaque substance
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
radioactive agent:; -cryptococcal meningitis; -hydrocephalus with communication between all
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
ventricles; -pseudotumor cerebri; -drug administration; Imaging; -myelography; -radionuclide
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cisternography
Contraindications of performing LP - correct answer✔✔• Increased risk of fatal cerebellar or |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
transtentorial herniation; • Coagulopathy; • Infection over puncture site; • Spinal block |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
requiring sample above lesion |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Common complications of lumbar puncture - correct answer✔✔-Sciatic pain during needle
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
insertion; -Slowing of fluid removal (elevate patient head)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
How is chronic meningitis diagnosed? - correct answer✔✔On LP/CSF analysis or contrast
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
MRI/CT showing leakage into meninges. Meningeal biopsy if CSF not diagnostic.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Differentials for chronic meningitis - correct answer✔✔-Partially treated suppurative |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
meningitis; -Paranmeningeal infection; -Mycobacterium TB; -Lyme; -Syphilis; -HIV; -HSV; -
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Malignancy; -SLE; -Behcet's |||\\\ |||\\\
Indications for swallow evaluation - correct answer✔✔-Hx of dysphasia; -Observed dysphasia;
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-Suspected aspiration; -Decreased oral intake; -Parenteral/enteral feeding
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
,|||\\\
Medicare coverage of hospice - correct answer✔✔• Prognosis of six months or less if illness
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
runs normal course; • Falls under Medicare Part A
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Three common causes of acute ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔1- Anoxic injury; 2-
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Thrombosis in situ; 3- Thrombotic embolism |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
In ischemic stroke, what area of damage is irreversible? - correct answer✔✔Tissue death at
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
occluded artery (infarction core) |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Penumbra - correct answer✔✔Area around infarct, salvageable if blood flow restored |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Risk factors for ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-Advanced age; -HTN
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
More risk factors for ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-HLD, DM, oral contraceptives,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
obesity, prior TIAs, tobacco, MI, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, sickle cell, stimulant drugs, family
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
hx CVA, cardiac abnormalities
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Subjective signs of ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-Decreased LOC, dysarthria, facial |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
droop, aphasia, diplopia, visual deficits, sensory deficits, ataxia, hemiparesis, vertigo
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Critical timeline info for CVA - correct answer✔✔"Last known well"
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
BE FAST - correct answer✔✔Balance, Eyes, Face, Arms, Speech, Time
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
ACA - correct answer✔✔Anterior cerebral artery
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
MCA - correct answer✔✔Middle cerebral artery
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, |||\\\
PCA - correct answer✔✔Posterior cerebral artery
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Objective symptoms of ACA stroke - correct answer✔✔-Urinary incontinence; -Speech
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
perseveration; -Disinhibition; -Gait apraxia; -Primitive reflexes; -Altered mental status; - |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Impaired judgment; -Contralateral leg>arm weakness |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Objective symptoms of MCA stroke - correct answer✔✔-Gaze preference; -Agnosia; -Ipsilateral
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
hemianopsia; -Contralateral hemiparesis/hypesthesia
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Objective symptoms of PCA stroke - correct answer✔✔-Impaired memory; -Cortical blindness;
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-Altered mental status; -Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia; -Visual agnosia
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Visual agnosia - correct answer✔✔Inability to recognize objects
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia - correct answer✔✔Loss of vision in contralateral |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
visual field |||\\\
Contralateral hypesthesia - correct answer✔✔Decreased touch perception on one side |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Agnosia - correct answer✔✔Inability to recognize familiar objects
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
DDx for ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-Drug toxicity; -Brain tumors; -Hypertensive
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
encephalopathy; -Conversion disorder |||\\\ |||\\\
Conversion disorder - correct answer✔✔Somatoform disorder with real symptoms and no |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
physiological basis |||\\\
Imaging testing for ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-Non-con CT (preferred); -MRI brain
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
(DWI); -CT or MR Angio for occlusion detection
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
NR572 Final exam with correct answers |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
After giving IV alteplase, what should be done 24 hours prior to initiating anticoagulants or
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
antiplatelet agents? - correct answer✔✔A follow-up CT scan of the head |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Indications of lumbar puncture - correct answer✔✔CSF sample for examination; pressure
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
measurements (NPH); reduction in CSF pressure:; -infections; -SAH; -Inflammatory conditions; - |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
MS; -carcinomatosis; Spinal anesthetics, antitumor agents, antibiotics; radio-opaque substance
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
radioactive agent:; -cryptococcal meningitis; -hydrocephalus with communication between all
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
ventricles; -pseudotumor cerebri; -drug administration; Imaging; -myelography; -radionuclide
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cisternography
Contraindications of performing LP - correct answer✔✔• Increased risk of fatal cerebellar or |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
transtentorial herniation; • Coagulopathy; • Infection over puncture site; • Spinal block |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
requiring sample above lesion |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Common complications of lumbar puncture - correct answer✔✔-Sciatic pain during needle
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
insertion; -Slowing of fluid removal (elevate patient head)
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
How is chronic meningitis diagnosed? - correct answer✔✔On LP/CSF analysis or contrast
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
MRI/CT showing leakage into meninges. Meningeal biopsy if CSF not diagnostic.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Differentials for chronic meningitis - correct answer✔✔-Partially treated suppurative |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
meningitis; -Paranmeningeal infection; -Mycobacterium TB; -Lyme; -Syphilis; -HIV; -HSV; -
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Malignancy; -SLE; -Behcet's |||\\\ |||\\\
Indications for swallow evaluation - correct answer✔✔-Hx of dysphasia; -Observed dysphasia;
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-Suspected aspiration; -Decreased oral intake; -Parenteral/enteral feeding
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
,|||\\\
Medicare coverage of hospice - correct answer✔✔• Prognosis of six months or less if illness
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
runs normal course; • Falls under Medicare Part A
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Three common causes of acute ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔1- Anoxic injury; 2-
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Thrombosis in situ; 3- Thrombotic embolism |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
In ischemic stroke, what area of damage is irreversible? - correct answer✔✔Tissue death at
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
occluded artery (infarction core) |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Penumbra - correct answer✔✔Area around infarct, salvageable if blood flow restored |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Risk factors for ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-Advanced age; -HTN
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
More risk factors for ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-HLD, DM, oral contraceptives,
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
obesity, prior TIAs, tobacco, MI, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, sickle cell, stimulant drugs, family
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
hx CVA, cardiac abnormalities
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Subjective signs of ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-Decreased LOC, dysarthria, facial |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
droop, aphasia, diplopia, visual deficits, sensory deficits, ataxia, hemiparesis, vertigo
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Critical timeline info for CVA - correct answer✔✔"Last known well"
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
BE FAST - correct answer✔✔Balance, Eyes, Face, Arms, Speech, Time
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
ACA - correct answer✔✔Anterior cerebral artery
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
MCA - correct answer✔✔Middle cerebral artery
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
, |||\\\
PCA - correct answer✔✔Posterior cerebral artery
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Objective symptoms of ACA stroke - correct answer✔✔-Urinary incontinence; -Speech
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
perseveration; -Disinhibition; -Gait apraxia; -Primitive reflexes; -Altered mental status; - |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Impaired judgment; -Contralateral leg>arm weakness |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Objective symptoms of MCA stroke - correct answer✔✔-Gaze preference; -Agnosia; -Ipsilateral
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
hemianopsia; -Contralateral hemiparesis/hypesthesia
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Objective symptoms of PCA stroke - correct answer✔✔-Impaired memory; -Cortical blindness;
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-Altered mental status; -Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia; -Visual agnosia
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Visual agnosia - correct answer✔✔Inability to recognize objects
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia - correct answer✔✔Loss of vision in contralateral |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
visual field |||\\\
Contralateral hypesthesia - correct answer✔✔Decreased touch perception on one side |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Agnosia - correct answer✔✔Inability to recognize familiar objects
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
DDx for ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-Drug toxicity; -Brain tumors; -Hypertensive
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
encephalopathy; -Conversion disorder |||\\\ |||\\\
Conversion disorder - correct answer✔✔Somatoform disorder with real symptoms and no |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
physiological basis |||\\\
Imaging testing for ischemic stroke - correct answer✔✔-Non-con CT (preferred); -MRI brain
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
(DWI); -CT or MR Angio for occlusion detection
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
