AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY 7192/1 PAPER 1
EDUCATION WITH THEORY AND METHODS
AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY
7192/1 PAPER 1 EDUCATION
WITH THEORY AND METHODS
MARK SCHEME ACTUAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE. GRADED A+.
WITH QUESTIONS AND 100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS. LATEST
UPDATE
,AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY 7192/1 PAPER 1
EDUCATION WITH THEORY AND METHODS
Particularistic standards - ANS-Children are not judged by a clear measure of
achievement
Universalistic standards - ANS-Children are judged by a clear measure of achievement
and are compared to other children
Durkheim - ANS-1) Promotes social solidarity
2) Prepares young people
Parsons - ANS-1) Secondary socialisation = education teaches universalistic
standards and acts as a bridge between family and wider society
2) Meritocracy = a meritocratic society is built on 2 key values:
+Individual achievement
+Equal opportunity
,AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY 7192/1 PAPER 1
EDUCATION WITH THEORY AND METHODS
Davis and Moore - ANS-Role allocation = for society to function effectively, the most
talented individuals need to be allocated to the most important jobs
Evaluation of the functionalist view - ANS-+ Hargreaves argues that schools put more
of an emphasis on competition than social solidarity
+ Ascribed characteristics are more important in determining income later in life than
achievement in school
+ Education is not meritocratic because schools discriminate against some groups e.g.
w/c, black pupils
Althusser - ANS-+ ISA = control people's beliefs and ideas indirectly e.g. religion, the
mass media and education
+ RSA = physical force used by the state to repress the w/c
e.g. police, courts and the army
Bowles and Gintis - ANS-The correspondence principle = the education system mirrors
work structure
, AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY 7192/1 PAPER 1
EDUCATION WITH THEORY AND METHODS
E.g. obedience to teacher = obedience to boss, value of extrinsic rewards, acceptance of
inequality through the ISA
Bowles and Gintis - evaluation of role allocation - ANS-+ found that the most obedient
students got the highest grades
+ means that the education system rewards those who conform to the qualities
required of the future workplace
Bowles and Gintis - myth of meritocracy - ANS-+ Argue that in reality, success is
based on class background
+ By promising the untrue claim that rewards are based on ability, it helps workers to
accept inequality
Sugarman - w/c subculture - ANS-1) Present time orientation
2) Immediate gratification
3) Collectivism
4) Fatalism
Sugarman - m/c subculture - ANS-Deferred gratification - m/c taught to work for long
term rewards e.g more tend to go into higher education
EDUCATION WITH THEORY AND METHODS
AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY
7192/1 PAPER 1 EDUCATION
WITH THEORY AND METHODS
MARK SCHEME ACTUAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE. GRADED A+.
WITH QUESTIONS AND 100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS. LATEST
UPDATE
,AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY 7192/1 PAPER 1
EDUCATION WITH THEORY AND METHODS
Particularistic standards - ANS-Children are not judged by a clear measure of
achievement
Universalistic standards - ANS-Children are judged by a clear measure of achievement
and are compared to other children
Durkheim - ANS-1) Promotes social solidarity
2) Prepares young people
Parsons - ANS-1) Secondary socialisation = education teaches universalistic
standards and acts as a bridge between family and wider society
2) Meritocracy = a meritocratic society is built on 2 key values:
+Individual achievement
+Equal opportunity
,AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY 7192/1 PAPER 1
EDUCATION WITH THEORY AND METHODS
Davis and Moore - ANS-Role allocation = for society to function effectively, the most
talented individuals need to be allocated to the most important jobs
Evaluation of the functionalist view - ANS-+ Hargreaves argues that schools put more
of an emphasis on competition than social solidarity
+ Ascribed characteristics are more important in determining income later in life than
achievement in school
+ Education is not meritocratic because schools discriminate against some groups e.g.
w/c, black pupils
Althusser - ANS-+ ISA = control people's beliefs and ideas indirectly e.g. religion, the
mass media and education
+ RSA = physical force used by the state to repress the w/c
e.g. police, courts and the army
Bowles and Gintis - ANS-The correspondence principle = the education system mirrors
work structure
, AQA A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY 7192/1 PAPER 1
EDUCATION WITH THEORY AND METHODS
E.g. obedience to teacher = obedience to boss, value of extrinsic rewards, acceptance of
inequality through the ISA
Bowles and Gintis - evaluation of role allocation - ANS-+ found that the most obedient
students got the highest grades
+ means that the education system rewards those who conform to the qualities
required of the future workplace
Bowles and Gintis - myth of meritocracy - ANS-+ Argue that in reality, success is
based on class background
+ By promising the untrue claim that rewards are based on ability, it helps workers to
accept inequality
Sugarman - w/c subculture - ANS-1) Present time orientation
2) Immediate gratification
3) Collectivism
4) Fatalism
Sugarman - m/c subculture - ANS-Deferred gratification - m/c taught to work for long
term rewards e.g more tend to go into higher education
