TESTBANK p
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
p p p p
NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
p p p p
5th Edition
p
TESTBANK p
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
p p p p p p p p p p p
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
p p p p p p p p
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
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likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
p p p p p p p
A. Joseph Brennaman p
B. John Bowlby p
C. Marshal Klaus p
D. John Kennell p
Answer: B
p p
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
p p p p p p p p p
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
phigh infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pand John Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of
p p p p p p p p p p p p
pnewborns and parents. They established that early separation may have long-term effects
p p p p p p p p p p p
pon family relationships and that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pbirth and for a significant period after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pchildhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Remember
p p
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
p p p p
Reference: p. 4 p p
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pnurse accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
prate?
A. Having formal education. p p
B. Being unmarried. p
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care. p p p
Answer: D p
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
may play a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible.
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
Being unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
p p p p p p p p
Question format: Multiple Choice p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Understand
p p
,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
p p p p
Reference: p. 9 p p
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
p p p p p p p p
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
p p p p p p p p p p
Answer: D p
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
the number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births.
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
births. Question format: Multiple Choice
p p p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Remember
p p
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
p p p p
Reference: p. 9 p p
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the
p p p p p p p p p p p p
ppractice of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
p p p p p p p p p p p
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
p p p p p p p p p p
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory p p p p p p p p
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
p p p p p p p p p
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth
p p p p p p p p p p
attendants Answer: B
p p p
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The
p p p p p p p p p p p p
development of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
theory advanced the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
women. Pediatrics as a specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pdevelopment, and midwives are still in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and
p p p p p p p p p p p p
pbirthing centers are still under development. Forceps are not considered an advance in
p p p p p p p p p p p p
pmaternity care. p
Question format: Multiple Choice
p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Analyze
p p
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
, Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning p p
pReference: p. 3 p p
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
physician?
p
A. Louis Pasteur p
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis p p
C. Joseph Lister p
D. Alexander Gordon p
Answer: C
p p
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory
p p p p p p p p p p p
pof microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pduring surgery and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander Gordon proposed
p p p p p p p p p p p p
the theory of infection. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed
p p p p p p p p p p p p
phis theory.p
Question format: Multiple Choice p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Apply
p p
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated
p p p p p p p p p p
Process: Nursing Process
p p p
Reference: p. 4 p p
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
question the nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which procedure will
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
best provide this information to the couple?
p p p p p p p
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling p p
D. HGP
Answer: A p
Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will provide
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling provide the entire
p p p p p p p p p p p p
genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
information regarding gene mutations and variations.
p p p p p p
Question format: Multiple Choice p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
p p p p p p p p p p p
pCognitive Level: Apply p p
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
Integrated Process: Caring
p p p
Reference: p. 6 p p
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
p p p p
NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
p p p p
5th Edition
p
TESTBANK p
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
p p p p p p p p p p p
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
p p p p p p p p
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
p p p p p p p p p p
likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
p p p p p p p
A. Joseph Brennaman p
B. John Bowlby p
C. Marshal Klaus p
D. John Kennell p
Answer: B
p p
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
p p p p p p p p p
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
phigh infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pand John Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of
p p p p p p p p p p p p
pnewborns and parents. They established that early separation may have long-term effects
p p p p p p p p p p p
pon family relationships and that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pbirth and for a significant period after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pchildhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Remember
p p
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
p p p p
Reference: p. 4 p p
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pnurse accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
prate?
A. Having formal education. p p
B. Being unmarried. p
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care. p p p
Answer: D p
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
may play a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible.
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
Being unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
p p p p p p p p
Question format: Multiple Choice p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Understand
p p
,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
p p p p
Reference: p. 9 p p
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
p p p p p p p p
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
p p p p p p p p p p
Answer: D p
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
the number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births.
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
births. Question format: Multiple Choice
p p p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Remember
p p
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
p p p p
Reference: p. 9 p p
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the
p p p p p p p p p p p p
ppractice of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
p p p p p p p p p p p
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
p p p p p p p p p p
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory p p p p p p p p
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
p p p p p p p p p
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth
p p p p p p p p p p
attendants Answer: B
p p p
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The
p p p p p p p p p p p p
development of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
theory advanced the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
women. Pediatrics as a specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pdevelopment, and midwives are still in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and
p p p p p p p p p p p p
pbirthing centers are still under development. Forceps are not considered an advance in
p p p p p p p p p p p p
pmaternity care. p
Question format: Multiple Choice
p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Analyze
p p
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
, Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning p p
pReference: p. 3 p p
5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
physician?
p
A. Louis Pasteur p
B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis p p
C. Joseph Lister p
D. Alexander Gordon p
Answer: C
p p
Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory
p p p p p p p p p p p
pof microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic
p p p p p p p p p p p p p
pduring surgery and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander Gordon proposed
p p p p p p p p p p p p
the theory of infection. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed
p p p p p p p p p p p p
phis theory.p
Question format: Multiple Choice p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
p p p p p p p p p p p p
Level: Apply
p p
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated
p p p p p p p p p p
Process: Nursing Process
p p p
Reference: p. 4 p p
6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
question the nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which procedure will
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
best provide this information to the couple?
p p p p p p p
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling p p
D. HGP
Answer: A p
Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will provide
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling provide the entire
p p p p p p p p p p p p
genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide
p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p
information regarding gene mutations and variations.
p p p p p p
Question format: Multiple Choice p p p
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
p p p p p p p p p p p
pCognitive Level: Apply p p
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
p p p p p
Integrated Process: Caring
p p p
Reference: p. 6 p p
