TEST BANK Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition By Huether, McCance & Brashers ,All Chapters

,Chapter 1. Cellular Biology l l l




MULTIPLE CHOICE l




1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled
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l DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the
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l student?

a. A single circular chromosome
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b. A nucleus l




c. Free-floating nuclear material l l




d. No organelles l




ANS: B l




The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within
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l its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed.
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A single circular chromosome is characteristic of prokaryotic cells, which do not have histones.
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Free-floating nuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct
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l nucleus.

Eukaryotic cells have membrane bounded cellular components called organelles. No organelles
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l describes a prokaryotic cell. l l l




2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the
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nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform
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nutrients to energy?
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a. Metabolic absorption l




b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration

,ANS: D l




The ability of the cell to absorb oxygen refers to the cells function of respiration.
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The ability of the cell to function within a society of cells refers to its function of
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communication.
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The ability of the cell to take in nutrients refers to the cells function of metabolic absorption.
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The ability of the cell to synthesize new substances and secrete these elsewhere refers to
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l the cells function of secretion.
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3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would
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most of the genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus


ANS: C l




The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of
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ribonucleic acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus.
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The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration.
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The ribosomes are involved in manufacturing of proteins within the cell.
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The nucleus contains the nucleolus, and it is the nucleolus that contains genetic material.
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4. The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior.
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l According to this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates in the
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l fluid lipid bilayer?
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a. Peripheral membrane proteins l l




b. Integral membrane proteins l l

, c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules l l




ANS: B l




Integral membrane proteins float freely in the fluid lipid bilayer.
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Peripheral membrane proteins are not embedded in the layer, but reside at the surface.
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Glycoproteins act as cell surface markers.
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Cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane and allow cells to hook together.
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5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids l




d. Ligands


ANS: D l




Ligands are specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
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Oxygen moves by diffusion; it does not bind to receptors.
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Ribosomes make proteins and are not involved in
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binding. Amphipathic lipids are a portion of the
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l cell membrane.
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6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What finding
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l would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? Alterations in extracellular matrix
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l that include:
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a. Decreased fibronectin l




b. Increased collagen l




c. Decreased elastin l