NURS 3550 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
- ANTIHISTAMINES Correct Answer - Action Antagonizes
the effects of histamine at H1-receptor sites; does not bind to or
inactivate histamine. Significant CNS depressant and
anticholinergic properties. Therapeutic Effects: Decreased
symptoms of histamine excess (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal and
ocular pruritus, ocular tearing and redness, urticaria). Relief of
acute dystonic reactions. Prevention of motion sickness.
Suppression of cough.
- Evaluation/Desired Outcomes ● Prevention of, or decreased
urticaria in, anaphylaxis or other allergic reactions. ● Decreased
dyskinesia in parkinsonism and extrapyramidal reactions. ●
Sedation when used as a sedative/hypnotic. ● Prevention of or
decrease in nausea and vomiting caused by motion sickness. ●
Decrease in frequency and intensity of cough without
eliminating cough reflex.
. A pregnant patient asks the nurse if she can take antihistamines
for seasonal allergies during her pregnancy. What will the nurse
tell the patient?
a.
Antihistamines should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.
b.
Second-generation antihistamines are safer than first-generation
antihistamines.
c.
Antihistamines should not be taken during pregnancy but may
be taken when breast-feeding.
d.
,The margin of safety for antihistamines is clearly understood for
pregnant patients. Correct Answer ANS: A
Antihistamines are pregnancy Category C, with debate currently
occurring regarding degree of effects on the fetus. They should
be avoided unless absolutely necessary. All antihistamines have
adverse effects on the fetus. Antihistamines can be excreted in
breast milk. The margin of safety of antihistamines in pregnancy
is not clear, so these agents should be avoided unless a clear
benefit of treatment outweighs any risks.
. In the sympathetic nervous system ganglia are found? Select all
that apply:
A. Thoracic
B. Brain stem
C. Sacral
D. Lumbar Correct Answer The answers are A and D.
10. A patient is started on a norepinephrine drip. What side
effects can this medication cause? Select all that apply:
A. Tachycardia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Bronchoconstriction Correct Answer The answers are A
and C. This medication (also called Levophed) mimics the
sympathetic nervous system (hence it is an adrenergic agonist
also called sympathomimetic). It will increase the heart rate and
blood pressure.
13. What are some side effects of adrenergic antagonist drugs
(sympatholytic): select all that apply
A. Tachycardia
,B. Bradycardia
C. Bronchoconstriction
D. Bronchodilation Correct Answer b
c
4. Select the drugs below that are considered sympathomimetic
drugs:
A. Albuterol
B. Dopamine
C. Epinephrine
D. Propranolol Correct Answer The answers are A, B, and C.
All these drugs can mimic the sympathetic nervous system.
6. The postganglionic neuron releases what neurotransmitter in
the parasympathetic nervous system?
A. Arginine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Dopamine
D. Acetylcholine Correct Answer he answer is D.
7. Select all the signs and symptoms a patient can experience
with the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system: Select
all that apply:
A. Tachycardia
B. Hypotension
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Dilated pupils
E. Urinary incontinence
F. Bronchodilation
G. Cold and clammy
H. Excessive salivation
, I. Sweating Correct Answer The answers are A, C, D, F, and
I.
8. Select all the signs and symptoms a patient can experience
when the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system: Select
all that apply:
A. Bradycardia
B. Dilated pupils
C. Bronchoconstriction
D. Constrict pupils
E. Bladder contraction
F. Dry mouth
G. Slow digestion
H. Hypertension Correct Answer The answers are A, C, D,
and E.
9. A nurse is teaching a community education class on
contraceptives. The nurse tells the class that if spermicides
containing nonoxynol-9 are used, the patient should take special
precautions, because these spermicides have been linked to:
a.
human papillomavirus (HPV) infections.
b.
spontaneous abortions.
c.
endometrial cancer.
d.
increased transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV). Correct Answer ANS: D
Spermicides that contain nonoxynol-9 have been linked to the
increased transmission of HIV. Spermicides containing
- ANTIHISTAMINES Correct Answer - Action Antagonizes
the effects of histamine at H1-receptor sites; does not bind to or
inactivate histamine. Significant CNS depressant and
anticholinergic properties. Therapeutic Effects: Decreased
symptoms of histamine excess (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal and
ocular pruritus, ocular tearing and redness, urticaria). Relief of
acute dystonic reactions. Prevention of motion sickness.
Suppression of cough.
- Evaluation/Desired Outcomes ● Prevention of, or decreased
urticaria in, anaphylaxis or other allergic reactions. ● Decreased
dyskinesia in parkinsonism and extrapyramidal reactions. ●
Sedation when used as a sedative/hypnotic. ● Prevention of or
decrease in nausea and vomiting caused by motion sickness. ●
Decrease in frequency and intensity of cough without
eliminating cough reflex.
. A pregnant patient asks the nurse if she can take antihistamines
for seasonal allergies during her pregnancy. What will the nurse
tell the patient?
a.
Antihistamines should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.
b.
Second-generation antihistamines are safer than first-generation
antihistamines.
c.
Antihistamines should not be taken during pregnancy but may
be taken when breast-feeding.
d.
,The margin of safety for antihistamines is clearly understood for
pregnant patients. Correct Answer ANS: A
Antihistamines are pregnancy Category C, with debate currently
occurring regarding degree of effects on the fetus. They should
be avoided unless absolutely necessary. All antihistamines have
adverse effects on the fetus. Antihistamines can be excreted in
breast milk. The margin of safety of antihistamines in pregnancy
is not clear, so these agents should be avoided unless a clear
benefit of treatment outweighs any risks.
. In the sympathetic nervous system ganglia are found? Select all
that apply:
A. Thoracic
B. Brain stem
C. Sacral
D. Lumbar Correct Answer The answers are A and D.
10. A patient is started on a norepinephrine drip. What side
effects can this medication cause? Select all that apply:
A. Tachycardia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Bronchoconstriction Correct Answer The answers are A
and C. This medication (also called Levophed) mimics the
sympathetic nervous system (hence it is an adrenergic agonist
also called sympathomimetic). It will increase the heart rate and
blood pressure.
13. What are some side effects of adrenergic antagonist drugs
(sympatholytic): select all that apply
A. Tachycardia
,B. Bradycardia
C. Bronchoconstriction
D. Bronchodilation Correct Answer b
c
4. Select the drugs below that are considered sympathomimetic
drugs:
A. Albuterol
B. Dopamine
C. Epinephrine
D. Propranolol Correct Answer The answers are A, B, and C.
All these drugs can mimic the sympathetic nervous system.
6. The postganglionic neuron releases what neurotransmitter in
the parasympathetic nervous system?
A. Arginine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Dopamine
D. Acetylcholine Correct Answer he answer is D.
7. Select all the signs and symptoms a patient can experience
with the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system: Select
all that apply:
A. Tachycardia
B. Hypotension
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Dilated pupils
E. Urinary incontinence
F. Bronchodilation
G. Cold and clammy
H. Excessive salivation
, I. Sweating Correct Answer The answers are A, C, D, F, and
I.
8. Select all the signs and symptoms a patient can experience
when the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system: Select
all that apply:
A. Bradycardia
B. Dilated pupils
C. Bronchoconstriction
D. Constrict pupils
E. Bladder contraction
F. Dry mouth
G. Slow digestion
H. Hypertension Correct Answer The answers are A, C, D,
and E.
9. A nurse is teaching a community education class on
contraceptives. The nurse tells the class that if spermicides
containing nonoxynol-9 are used, the patient should take special
precautions, because these spermicides have been linked to:
a.
human papillomavirus (HPV) infections.
b.
spontaneous abortions.
c.
endometrial cancer.
d.
increased transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV). Correct Answer ANS: D
Spermicides that contain nonoxynol-9 have been linked to the
increased transmission of HIV. Spermicides containing
