Test bank for Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts
of Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie
L. Norris
,Porth’s Pathophysiology 11th Edition Norris Test Bank
1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout
sessions focused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the
following comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which statements
would be considered a good representation of the WHO definition? Select all that
apply.
A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book
reviews and word games during social time
B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care
facilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with
diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking
classes
D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their
hemodialysis sessions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children
ANSWER: A, B, C, E
Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental,
and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.”
Engaging in book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics
helps facilitate physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes
helps with facilitating physical well-being even though the person has a chronic
disease. Handwashing is vital in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.
2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the
large variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The
nurse is referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects
discussed, which would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the
focus of this report?
A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American
descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.
B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to
hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime.
2
,Porth’s Pathophysiology 11th Edition Norris Test Bank
C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care
benefits.
D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to
many health care facilities.
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using
alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and
promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and
promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good
access to health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high
cholesterol levels within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not
meet the “attaining lives free of preventable disease and premature death”
determinant.
3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a
large, university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the
differentiation between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and
diseases that cause disease. Which of the following patients most clearly
demonstrates the consequences of molecules that cause disease?
A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion
of packed red blood cells
B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting
from familial hypercholesterolemia
C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
therapy and chest physiotherapy
D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
(PCP) and is HIV positive.
ANSWER: D
Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease.
Sickle cell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all
examples of the effects of abnormal molecules.
3
, Porth’s Pathophysiology 11th Edition Norris Test Bank
4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and
pathogenesis of a number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context.
Which of the following aspects of clients' situations bNesUt
RchSaIraNctGerTizBe.s pCaOthMogenesis rather than etiology?
A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as
the increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and
traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent
placement has arrived to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first
session, a review of the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed.
Which statement by the patient verifies to the nurse that he has understood the
nurse's teachings about coronary artery disease?
A) “All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more
heartattacks.”
B) “My artery was clogged by fat, so I will need to stop eating fatty foods like
French fries every day.”
C) “Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my artery that made
it easy to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.”
D) “If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in the
veins causing a clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and I will have a heart
attack.”
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however,
the pathogenesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory
process from a fatty streak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with
coronary artery disease. Risk factors for CAD revolve around cigarette smoking,
diet high in fat, and lack of exercise.
4
of Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie
L. Norris
,Porth’s Pathophysiology 11th Edition Norris Test Bank
1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout
sessions focused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the
following comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which statements
would be considered a good representation of the WHO definition? Select all that
apply.
A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book
reviews and word games during social time
B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care
facilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with
diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking
classes
D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their
hemodialysis sessions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children
ANSWER: A, B, C, E
Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental,
and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.”
Engaging in book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics
helps facilitate physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes
helps with facilitating physical well-being even though the person has a chronic
disease. Handwashing is vital in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.
2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the
large variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The
nurse is referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects
discussed, which would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the
focus of this report?
A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American
descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.
B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to
hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime.
2
,Porth’s Pathophysiology 11th Edition Norris Test Bank
C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care
benefits.
D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to
many health care facilities.
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using
alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and
promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and
promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good
access to health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high
cholesterol levels within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not
meet the “attaining lives free of preventable disease and premature death”
determinant.
3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a
large, university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the
differentiation between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and
diseases that cause disease. Which of the following patients most clearly
demonstrates the consequences of molecules that cause disease?
A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion
of packed red blood cells
B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting
from familial hypercholesterolemia
C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
therapy and chest physiotherapy
D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
(PCP) and is HIV positive.
ANSWER: D
Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease.
Sickle cell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all
examples of the effects of abnormal molecules.
3
, Porth’s Pathophysiology 11th Edition Norris Test Bank
4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and
pathogenesis of a number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context.
Which of the following aspects of clients' situations bNesUt
RchSaIraNctGerTizBe.s pCaOthMogenesis rather than etiology?
A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as
the increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and
traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent
placement has arrived to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first
session, a review of the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed.
Which statement by the patient verifies to the nurse that he has understood the
nurse's teachings about coronary artery disease?
A) “All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more
heartattacks.”
B) “My artery was clogged by fat, so I will need to stop eating fatty foods like
French fries every day.”
C) “Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my artery that made
it easy to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.”
D) “If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in the
veins causing a clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and I will have a heart
attack.”
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however,
the pathogenesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory
process from a fatty streak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with
coronary artery disease. Risk factors for CAD revolve around cigarette smoking,
diet high in fat, and lack of exercise.
4
