,Chapter 01: The Past, Present, and Future
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Leifer: Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MULTIPLE CHOICE ss
1. A patient chooses to have the certified nurse-midwife (CNM) provide care during
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
her pregnancy. What does the CNM‗s scope of practice include?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Practice independent from medical supervision ss ss ss ss
b. Comprehensive prenatal care ss s s
c. Attendance at all deliveries ss ss ss
d. Cesarean sections ss
ANS: B
The CNM provides comprehensive prenatal and postnatal care, attends uncomplicated
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
deliveries, and ensures that a backup physician is available in case of unforeseen
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
problems.
ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 ss ss ss s s
TOP: Advance Practice Nursing Roles KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ofDisease
ss
2. Which medical pioneer discovered the relationship between the incidence of puerperal
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
fever and unwashed hands?
ss ss ss ss
a. Karl Credé ss
b. Ignaz Semmelweis ss
c. Louis Pasteur ss
d. Joseph Lister ss
ANS: B
Ignaz Semmelweis deduced that puerperal fever was septic, contagious, and transmitted by
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
the unwashed hands of physicians and medical students.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: 1 ss ss ss s
TOP: The Past
ss KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
3. A pregnant woman who has recently immigrated to the United States comments to the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
nurse, ―I am afraid of childbirth. It is so dangerous. I am afraid I will die.‖ What is the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
best nursing response reflecting cultural sensitivity?
ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. ―Maternal mortalityin the United States is extremelylow.‖ ss s ss ss ss ss ss s
b. ―Anesthesia is available to relieve pain during labor and childbirth.‖ pp ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. ―Tellme whyyou are afraid ofchildbirth.‖ s ss ss ss ss s
d. ―Yourcondition will bemonitored duringlaborand delivery.‖ s pp ss s ss s s ss
ANS: C ss
Asking the patient about her concerns helps promote understanding and individualizes patient
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
care.
ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 6-8 OBJ: 8 ss ss ss s s
TOP: Cross-Cultural Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychological Adaptation
ss ss ss ss ss ss
,4. An urban area has been reported to have a high perinatal mortality rate. What
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
information does this provide?
ss ss ss ss
a. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births per year ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
b. Deaths of fetuses weighing more than 500 g per 10,000 births per year
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Deaths of infants up to 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
d. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
ANS: D ss
The perinatal mortality rate includes fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 13 |Box 1.6 ss ss ss ss ss s pp
OBJ: 9
ss TOP: The Present-Child Care ss ss ss
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
5. What is the focus of current maternitypractice?
ss ss ss ss ss ss s
a. Hospital births for the majority of women ss ss ss ss ss ss
b. The traditional familyunit ss ss
c. Separation of labor rooms from deliveryrooms ss ss ss ss ss s
d. A quality family experience for eachpatient
ss ss ss ss ss
ANS: D ss
Current maternity practice focuses on a high-quality family experience for all families,
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
traditional or otherwise.
ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 ss ss ss ss
TOP: The Present-Maternity Care
ss KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
ss ss ss ss ss ss
6. Who advocated the establishment of the Children‗s Bureau?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Lillian Wald ss
b. Florence Nightingale ss
c. Florence Kelly ss
d. Clara Barton ss
ANS: A ss
Lillian Wald is credited with suggesting the establishment of a federal Children‗s Bureau.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1 | 2 ss ss ss ss ss ss
TOP: The Past
ss KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
7. What was the result of research done in the 1930s by the Children‗s Bureau?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Children with heart problems are now cared for by pediatric cardiologists.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
b. The Child Abuse and Prevention Act was passed.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Hot lunch programs were established in manyschools.
ss ss ss ss ss ss s
d. Children‗s asylums were founded. ss ss ss
ANS: C ss
School hot lunch programs were developed as a result of research by the Children‗s Bureau
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
on the effects of economic depression on children.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge ss ss REF: p. 4 ss OBJ: 2 | 3 ss ss s s
, TOP: The Past KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss s s
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Coordinated Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
8. What government program was implemented to increase the educational exposure
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of preschool children?
ss ss ss
a. WIC
b. Title XIX of Medicaid ss ss ss
c. The Children‗s Charter ss ss
d. Head Start ss
ANS: D ss
Head Start programs were established to increase educational exposure of preschool children.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 OBJ: 3 ss ss ss s s
TOP: Government Influences in Maternity andPediatric Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss s ss s s ss s ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
9. What guidelines define multidisciplinarypatient care in terms of expected outcome
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ss and timeframe from different areas of care provision?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Clinical pathways ss
b. Nursing outcome criteria ss ss
c. Standards of care ss ss
d. Nursing care plan ss ss
ANS: A ss
Clinical pathways, also known as critical pathways or care maps, are collaborative guidelines
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
that define patient care across disciplines. Expected progress within a specified timeline is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
identified.
ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 13 OBJ: 10 ss ss ss ss
TOP: Health Care Delivery Systems
ss KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
10. A nursing student has reviewed a hospitalized pediatric patient chart, interviewed her
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
s mother, and collected admission data. What is the next step the student will
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
take to develop a nursing care plan for this child?
s s s s ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Identify measurable outcomes with atimeline. ss ss ss ss s
b. Choose specific nursing interventions for the child. ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Determine appropriate nursing diagnoses. ss ss ss
d. State nursing actions related to the child‗s medical diagnosis.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANS: C ss
The nurse uses assessment data to select appropriate nursing diagnoses. Outcomes and
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
interventions are then developed to address the relevant nursing diagnoses.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 12 OBJ: 7 ss ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing Diagnosis ss ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
11. A nursing student on an obstetric rotation questions the floor nurse about the definition of
ss ss ss ss s s ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
s s the LVN/LPN scope of practice. What resource can the nurse suggest to the student?
ss ss ss ss s s ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. American Nurses Association ss ss
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Leifer: Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 9th Edition
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MULTIPLE CHOICE ss
1. A patient chooses to have the certified nurse-midwife (CNM) provide care during
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
her pregnancy. What does the CNM‗s scope of practice include?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Practice independent from medical supervision ss ss ss ss
b. Comprehensive prenatal care ss s s
c. Attendance at all deliveries ss ss ss
d. Cesarean sections ss
ANS: B
The CNM provides comprehensive prenatal and postnatal care, attends uncomplicated
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
deliveries, and ensures that a backup physician is available in case of unforeseen
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
problems.
ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 ss ss ss s s
TOP: Advance Practice Nursing Roles KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ofDisease
ss
2. Which medical pioneer discovered the relationship between the incidence of puerperal
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
fever and unwashed hands?
ss ss ss ss
a. Karl Credé ss
b. Ignaz Semmelweis ss
c. Louis Pasteur ss
d. Joseph Lister ss
ANS: B
Ignaz Semmelweis deduced that puerperal fever was septic, contagious, and transmitted by
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
the unwashed hands of physicians and medical students.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: 1 ss ss ss s
TOP: The Past
ss KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
3. A pregnant woman who has recently immigrated to the United States comments to the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
nurse, ―I am afraid of childbirth. It is so dangerous. I am afraid I will die.‖ What is the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
best nursing response reflecting cultural sensitivity?
ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. ―Maternal mortalityin the United States is extremelylow.‖ ss s ss ss ss ss ss s
b. ―Anesthesia is available to relieve pain during labor and childbirth.‖ pp ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. ―Tellme whyyou are afraid ofchildbirth.‖ s ss ss ss ss s
d. ―Yourcondition will bemonitored duringlaborand delivery.‖ s pp ss s ss s s ss
ANS: C ss
Asking the patient about her concerns helps promote understanding and individualizes patient
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
care.
ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 6-8 OBJ: 8 ss ss ss s s
TOP: Cross-Cultural Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychological Adaptation
ss ss ss ss ss ss
,4. An urban area has been reported to have a high perinatal mortality rate. What
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
information does this provide?
ss ss ss ss
a. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births per year ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
b. Deaths of fetuses weighing more than 500 g per 10,000 births per year
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Deaths of infants up to 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
d. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
ANS: D ss
The perinatal mortality rate includes fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s s
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 13 |Box 1.6 ss ss ss ss ss s pp
OBJ: 9
ss TOP: The Present-Child Care ss ss ss
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
5. What is the focus of current maternitypractice?
ss ss ss ss ss ss s
a. Hospital births for the majority of women ss ss ss ss ss ss
b. The traditional familyunit ss ss
c. Separation of labor rooms from deliveryrooms ss ss ss ss ss s
d. A quality family experience for eachpatient
ss ss ss ss ss
ANS: D ss
Current maternity practice focuses on a high-quality family experience for all families,
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
traditional or otherwise.
ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5 ss ss ss ss
TOP: The Present-Maternity Care
ss KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
ss ss ss ss ss ss
6. Who advocated the establishment of the Children‗s Bureau?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Lillian Wald ss
b. Florence Nightingale ss
c. Florence Kelly ss
d. Clara Barton ss
ANS: A ss
Lillian Wald is credited with suggesting the establishment of a federal Children‗s Bureau.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1 | 2 ss ss ss ss ss ss
TOP: The Past
ss KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
7. What was the result of research done in the 1930s by the Children‗s Bureau?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Children with heart problems are now cared for by pediatric cardiologists.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
b. The Child Abuse and Prevention Act was passed.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Hot lunch programs were established in manyschools.
ss ss ss ss ss ss s
d. Children‗s asylums were founded. ss ss ss
ANS: C ss
School hot lunch programs were developed as a result of research by the Children‗s Bureau
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
on the effects of economic depression on children.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge ss ss REF: p. 4 ss OBJ: 2 | 3 ss ss s s
, TOP: The Past KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss s s
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Coordinated Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
8. What government program was implemented to increase the educational exposure
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
of preschool children?
ss ss ss
a. WIC
b. Title XIX of Medicaid ss ss ss
c. The Children‗s Charter ss ss
d. Head Start ss
ANS: D ss
Head Start programs were established to increase educational exposure of preschool children.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 OBJ: 3 ss ss ss s s
TOP: Government Influences in Maternity andPediatric Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss s ss s s ss s ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
9. What guidelines define multidisciplinarypatient care in terms of expected outcome
ss ss ss s ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss and timeframe from different areas of care provision?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Clinical pathways ss
b. Nursing outcome criteria ss ss
c. Standards of care ss ss
d. Nursing care plan ss ss
ANS: A ss
Clinical pathways, also known as critical pathways or care maps, are collaborative guidelines
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
that define patient care across disciplines. Expected progress within a specified timeline is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
identified.
ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 13 OBJ: 10 ss ss ss ss
TOP: Health Care Delivery Systems
ss KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
10. A nursing student has reviewed a hospitalized pediatric patient chart, interviewed her
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
s mother, and collected admission data. What is the next step the student will
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
take to develop a nursing care plan for this child?
s s s s ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Identify measurable outcomes with atimeline. ss ss ss ss s
b. Choose specific nursing interventions for the child. ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Determine appropriate nursing diagnoses. ss ss ss
d. State nursing actions related to the child‗s medical diagnosis.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANS: C ss
The nurse uses assessment data to select appropriate nursing diagnoses. Outcomes and
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
interventions are then developed to address the relevant nursing diagnoses.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 12 OBJ: 7 ss ss ss s s
TOP: Nursing Process KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing Diagnosis ss ss ss ss ss ss
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
11. A nursing student on an obstetric rotation questions the floor nurse about the definition of
ss ss ss ss s s ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
s s the LVN/LPN scope of practice. What resource can the nurse suggest to the student?
ss ss ss ss s s ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. American Nurses Association ss ss
