BMS 300 Exam 1 (Colorado State University) Questions Answered Correctly Latest Version
2025-2026
Dipole Moment - Answers The difference in charge between atoms in a water molecule
Water Molecules Interact With Each Other Through _______ - Answers Hydrogen Bonds
Why is water liquid at room temperature? - Answers Because the hydrogen bonds within it are
constantly breaking and reforming on different molecules (moving around)
Shell of Hydration - Answers The oxygen atoms in water will orient themselves towards
positively charged ions in water, the hydrogen atoms will orient themselves towards negatively
charged ions in water
Osmosis - Answers The movement of water through aquaporins
Aquaporins - Answers Water-Selective Channels
How do plants and trees move water upwards from the ground? - Answers Water will move
across a barrier if one side has more ions than the other. If aquaporins allow water to move but
not ions, water will continuously flow towards the other side and drain from the other, causing
hydrostatic pressure to form and water to move upwards.
Triglycerides - Answers -animal fats or vegetable oils
-Hydrophobic, water insoluble
Ester Bond - Answers Happens when a fatty acid and a glycerol molecule bond
Are Phospholipids Amphipathic? - Answers Yes. They have hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic
regions
Micelle - Answers A sphere of phospholipids with hydrophobic tails on the inside and hydrophilic
heads on the outside. If any water enters a micelle, it will explode.
Liposome - Answers a sphere with a phospholipid bilayer. Hydrophobic tails face towards each
other inside the outer layer of hydrophilic heads. This is a more stable structure as water
entering it will not destroy it.
How do proteins move in and out of cells? - Answers Through hydrophilic protein channels
What are the components of an amino acid? - Answers -Amino Group
-Carboxcylic Acid
-Distinguishing R-group
What kind of bond forms within amino acids? - Answers Peptide Bonds
, What are the two ends of an amino acid? - Answers Aminoterminus and Carboxyterminus
What is Primary Protein Structure and what kind of bond is associated with it? - Answers Amino
Acid Chains, Peptide Bonds
What is Secondary Protein Structure and what kind of bond is associated with it? - Answers
Alpha Helix and Beta Pleated Sheets, Hydrogen Bonds
What does the "i+4" rule refer to? - Answers The positively charged part of the amine hydrogen
interacts with the negatively charged carbonyl oxygen *five up the line* in alpha helix structure
(through hydrogen bonding)
How do proteins form three dimensional shapes? - Answers Hydrophobic regions stretch
inwards and hydrophilic regions stretch outwards
Binding Pockets - Answers Formed when proteins form tertiary protein structures; R-groups
form a confined region of 3D shape
Chromosomes - Answers The structure that DNA is organized into in eukaryotes
Histomes - Answers Structure that DNA wraps around and around in order to form
chromosomes and fit inside the nucleus
Octomer - Answers The cubical formation that histomes form
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answers an intracellular bag with ribosomes attached, even with the
nuclear membrane
perinuclear space - Answers the empty space between the ER membrane and the nuclear
membrane
What type of proteins do free ribosomes produce? - Answers cytoplasmic proteins (stay within
the cell and perform their function within the cytoplasm)
What type of proteins do attached ribosomes produce? - Answers -Secreted Proteins
-Lysosomic Proteins
-Transmembrane Proteins
Lysosome - Answers garbage disposal of the cell (creates proteins which break things down;
proteases, lipases)
Glycosylation - Answers covalently linking sugars to proteins (take places when vesicles bind to
membranes)
Cis-Golgi - Answers the top piece of the golgi apparatus which receives incoming materials
2025-2026
Dipole Moment - Answers The difference in charge between atoms in a water molecule
Water Molecules Interact With Each Other Through _______ - Answers Hydrogen Bonds
Why is water liquid at room temperature? - Answers Because the hydrogen bonds within it are
constantly breaking and reforming on different molecules (moving around)
Shell of Hydration - Answers The oxygen atoms in water will orient themselves towards
positively charged ions in water, the hydrogen atoms will orient themselves towards negatively
charged ions in water
Osmosis - Answers The movement of water through aquaporins
Aquaporins - Answers Water-Selective Channels
How do plants and trees move water upwards from the ground? - Answers Water will move
across a barrier if one side has more ions than the other. If aquaporins allow water to move but
not ions, water will continuously flow towards the other side and drain from the other, causing
hydrostatic pressure to form and water to move upwards.
Triglycerides - Answers -animal fats or vegetable oils
-Hydrophobic, water insoluble
Ester Bond - Answers Happens when a fatty acid and a glycerol molecule bond
Are Phospholipids Amphipathic? - Answers Yes. They have hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic
regions
Micelle - Answers A sphere of phospholipids with hydrophobic tails on the inside and hydrophilic
heads on the outside. If any water enters a micelle, it will explode.
Liposome - Answers a sphere with a phospholipid bilayer. Hydrophobic tails face towards each
other inside the outer layer of hydrophilic heads. This is a more stable structure as water
entering it will not destroy it.
How do proteins move in and out of cells? - Answers Through hydrophilic protein channels
What are the components of an amino acid? - Answers -Amino Group
-Carboxcylic Acid
-Distinguishing R-group
What kind of bond forms within amino acids? - Answers Peptide Bonds
, What are the two ends of an amino acid? - Answers Aminoterminus and Carboxyterminus
What is Primary Protein Structure and what kind of bond is associated with it? - Answers Amino
Acid Chains, Peptide Bonds
What is Secondary Protein Structure and what kind of bond is associated with it? - Answers
Alpha Helix and Beta Pleated Sheets, Hydrogen Bonds
What does the "i+4" rule refer to? - Answers The positively charged part of the amine hydrogen
interacts with the negatively charged carbonyl oxygen *five up the line* in alpha helix structure
(through hydrogen bonding)
How do proteins form three dimensional shapes? - Answers Hydrophobic regions stretch
inwards and hydrophilic regions stretch outwards
Binding Pockets - Answers Formed when proteins form tertiary protein structures; R-groups
form a confined region of 3D shape
Chromosomes - Answers The structure that DNA is organized into in eukaryotes
Histomes - Answers Structure that DNA wraps around and around in order to form
chromosomes and fit inside the nucleus
Octomer - Answers The cubical formation that histomes form
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answers an intracellular bag with ribosomes attached, even with the
nuclear membrane
perinuclear space - Answers the empty space between the ER membrane and the nuclear
membrane
What type of proteins do free ribosomes produce? - Answers cytoplasmic proteins (stay within
the cell and perform their function within the cytoplasm)
What type of proteins do attached ribosomes produce? - Answers -Secreted Proteins
-Lysosomic Proteins
-Transmembrane Proteins
Lysosome - Answers garbage disposal of the cell (creates proteins which break things down;
proteases, lipases)
Glycosylation - Answers covalently linking sugars to proteins (take places when vesicles bind to
membranes)
Cis-Golgi - Answers the top piece of the golgi apparatus which receives incoming materials
