San Jacinto Community College NURSING 1429: Patho Module Eight Assignment Pulmonary System Disorders | Answered Correctly | updated Fall 2025/26.

Patho Module Eight Assignment Pulmonary System Disorders 1. A patient in the hospital is recovering from hip surgery. She begins to complain of chest pain and dyspnea. Her RR (respiratory rate) is 30. A lung scan is performed and the V/Q ratio is reported to the nurse as “high.” This patient has most likely suffered a(n) a. MI. b. pulmonary embolus. c. atelectasis. d. episode of pulmonary edema. 2. A patient diagnosed with a V/Q restrictive disorder has S&S (signs and symptoms) of increased work of breathing. In the categorization of a restrictive disorder, the pathophysiology student should identify that the patient likely has problems related to and . a. inhalation and hypoxemia b. inhalation and hypercapnia c. exhalation and hypoxemia d. exhalation and hypercapnia 3. Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are drawn on a patient in the ED (emergency department). The results are: pH: 7.50; PO2: 100; PCO2: 29; HCO3: 26. This acid base imbalance is called a. respiratory acidosis. b. metabolic acidosis. c. respiratory alkalosis. d. metabolic alkalosis. 4. Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are drawn on a patient in the ED (emergency department). The results are: pH: 7.50; PO2: 100; PCO2: 29; HCO3: 26. What mechanism is likely causing this disturbance? a. Hypoventilation b. Hyperventilation c. Hemoptysis d. Orthopnea 5. Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are drawn on a patient in the ED (emergency department). The results are: pH: 7.50; PO2: 100; PCO2: 29; HCO3: 26. What compensatory mechanism occurs with this acid base imbalance? a. The respiratory rate will increase. b. The respiratory rate will decrease. c. The kidney will make less HCO3. d. The kidney will make more HCO3. 6. A child with laryngotracheobronchitis is likely to a. have stridor from trying to exhale air from inflamed alveoli. b. develop a walled-off area of viral infection in the laryngeal area. c. have stridor from trying to inhale air through inflamed bronchi. d. have wheezing from trying to exhale through broncho constricted airways. 7. A child is diagnosed with laryngotracheobronchitis. The RN (registered nurse) should provide the parents with instructions related to the . a. administration of antibiotics b. use of a cool mist humidifier c. insertion of a chest tube drainage system d. use of a peak flow meter 8. A victim of a stab wound to the chest develops a pneumothorax. Which type of pneumothorax is most likely seen in this case? a. Consolidative. b. Spontaneous c. Traumatic Nonpenetrating d. Traumatic Penetrating 9. A common denominator of a bed-ridden nursing home patient and an unconscious alcoholic is their high risk for a. aspiration pneumonia. b. bronchogenic carcinoma. c. nosocomial pneumonia. d. strictures in the pulmonary vessels. 10. A patient is diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Which S&S would the nurse expect to assess in the patient? a. Hypercapnia and malaise. b. Fever, chills and cough. c. Frothy sputum and edema. d. Bradypnea and jugular vein distension. 11. An RN (registered nurse) suspects that her patient has respiratory distress. Which assessment findings support the nurse’s suspicion? a. Clubbing of the fingers and a respiratory rate of 18 breaths/minute. b. A PaO2 of 88 with a cough that produces tan sputum. c. A barrel-shaped chest and a pH of 7.45. d. Complaints of dyspnea and a respiratory rate of 32 breaths/minute. 12. The nurse taking care of a pulmonary patient notes that he is very thin and barrel-chested, has a respiratory rate of 28, and uses accessory muscles to breathe. These S&S are likely due to a. chronic bronchitis. b. an elevated VQ ratio. c. emphysema. d. Kussmaul respirations. 13. The nurse taking care of a pulmonary patient notes that he is very thin and barrel-chested, has a respiratory rate of 28, and uses accessory muscles to breathe. An arterial blood gas report shows a pH = 7.50, PCO2 = 32, SO2= 95% HCO3 = 26. These values indicate the patient a. is in metabolic alkalosis. b. has hypercapnia, which is his normal state of compensation. c. is probably in respiratory failure. d. is probably in his normal state of compensatory hyperventilation. 14. A patient complains of a one-week history of fever, cough, and purulent sputum. The nurse listening to the patient’s lungs notes greatly diminished breath sounds in one area of the left lung and concludes that it is probably an area of consolidation. Which statement reflects an accurate interpretation of this situation? a. The patient probably has TB, since he is coughing up blood. b. The diagnosis is probably lobar pneumonia, which is consistent with having a consolidated area of lung tissue. c. The nurse will prepare to help the physician insert a chest tube to reinflate the left lung, as the patient probably has a pneumothorax. d. It is likely that the patient has chronic bronchitis and has developed cor pulmonale. 15. A patient with a medical history of heart failure presents to her health care provider complaining of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND), 2-pillow orthopnea, dyspnea and hemoptysis. She most likely has a. primary pulmonary hypertension. b. noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. c. cardiogenic pulmonary edema. d. pleural effusion. 16. A patient diagnosed with either cardiogenic or non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema will likely have hemoptysis, dyspnea and hypoxemia. Which pathophysiologic process is the cause of these signs and symptoms (S&S)? a. Pulmonary edema occurs when forceful exhalation shifts water into the alveoli. b. Pleural edema has disrupted the negative intrathoracic pressure causing hypoxemia. c. Atelectasis and poor gas exchange occur when alveolar edema disrupts surfactant production. d. Inflammatory debris will produce infiltrates and cause the collapse of portions of lung tissue. 17. A patient has overdosed on heroin. He is unconscious and his RR is 8. Which acid base imbalance is most likely, given this information alone? a. respiratory acidosis b. metabolic acidosis c. respiratory alkalosis. d. metabolic alkalosis 18. A patient has overdosed on heroin. He is unconscious and his RR is 8. Which set of blood gases is most likely, given this information alone? a. pH= 7.25; PO2= 70; PCO2 = 50; HCO3= 24. b. pH= 7.49; PO2= 90; PCO2= 25; HCO3 = 25. c. pH = 7.20; PO2 = 80; PCO2 = 38; HCO3 = 18. d. pH = 7.37; PO2 = 85; PCO2 = 36; HCO3 = 26. 19. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess in a patient diagnosed with chronic bronchitis? a. Clubbing of the fingers with chronic sputum production. b. Pink, warm skin with a respiratory rate of 26 breaths per minute. c. Malaise, chest pain on inhalation and crackles. d. Dry cough and infrequent respiratory infections. 20. A patient arrives in the emergency department with a complaint of dyspnea after being stung by a bee. On assessment, the nurse identifies a respiratory rate of 24 breaths/minute and hears wheezing during exhalation. Which additional assessment should the nurse perform? a. Obtain a peak flow measurement. b. Measure the amount of air the patient can inhale. c. Assess the patient for clubbing of the fingers. d. Assess the HCO3 level on the patient’s ABG report.