BSC 546 Final Exam Review Material STU
vc vc vc vc vc vc
DY THIS
vc
NR546-FINALEXAM-PEARLS Q AND A
Firstvclinevctreatmentvcforvcdepressionvc-vcanswer--SSRIs
CommonvcsidevceffectvcofvcSSRIsvc-vcanswer--sexualvcdysfunction
rapidvccyclingvcbipolarvcdisordervc-vcanswer--Minimumvcofvc4vcepisodesvcavcyear
Goalvcofvcantidepressantvctherapyvc-vcanswer--completevcremissionvcofvcsymptoms
SerotoninvcGIvceffectsvc-vcanswer--Duevctovcthevcfactvcthatvc90%vcofvc5HTvcreceptorsvcarevclocatedvcinvcGIvctract
bestvctoleratedvcSSRIvc-vcanswer--Escitalopramvc(Lexapro)vcalsovchasvcfewestvcCYPvcinteractions
Lithiumvclevelsvc-vcanswer--CanvcbevcincreasedvcbyvcNSAIDSvcandvcACEvcinhibitors
Canvcbevcdecreasedvcbyvccaffeinevcandvcmania
Unaffectedvcbyvcamiloride,vcfurosemide,vcandvcsulindac
Lithiumvcpurposevc-vcanswer--
Effectivevctreatmentvcforvcmanicvcepisodes,vctovcpreventvcreoccurrencevcandvctovcavclowervcdegreevcisvceffectivevcinvcdep
ssivevcepisodes
Lamotriginevc-vcanswer--Wellvctoleratedvcexceptvcforvcthevcpropensityvctovccausevcavcrash
Monoaminesvc-vcanswer--dopamine,vcnorepinephrine,vcserotonin
Lamotriginevc-vcanswer--Isvcavcmoodvcstabilizer
Lithiumvc-vcanswer--Wellvcestablishedvctovcpreventvcsuicidevcinvcclientsvcwithvcmoodvcdisorders
Lithiumvc-vcanswer--Hasvcavcnarrowvctherapeuticvcwindowvcandvcrequiresvclawvcdraws
1stvclinevctreatmentvcforvcOCDvc-vcanswer--SSRIsvcarevcfirstvcline.vcBenzodiazepinesvcarevcnot!!!
PrimaryvcactionvcofvchallucinogenicvcdrugsvcsuchvcasvcLSD,mescaline,vcpsilocybin,vcandvcMDMAvc-vcanswer--
Agonismvcofvc5HT2Avcreceptors
Hallucinogensvcmayvchavevcadditionalvcactionsvcatvcothervcserotoninvcreceptorsvc(particularlyvc5HT1Avcandvc5HT2C)vca
vcatvcothervcneurotransmitter vcsystems,vcandvcMDMAvcinvcparticularvcalsovcblocksvcthevcserotoninvctransportervc(SERT)
Controlsvcappetitevc-vcanswer--
hypothalamusvcservesvcasvcthevcbrainvccentervcthatvccontrolsvcappetitevcbyvcutilizingvcavccomplexvcsetvcofvccircuitsvcandvcr
ulators.vcOnevcformulationvcofvchowvcthevchypothalamusvcdoesvcthisvcisvcthevcnotionvcthatvctherevcisvcavcmajorvcappetitevcs
mulatingvcpathwayvcwhosevcactionsvcarevcmediatedvcbyvctwovcpeptidesvc(neuropeptidevcYvcandvcagouti-relatedvcprotein
1vc/
vc9
, BSC 546 Final Exam Review Material STU
vc vc vc vc vc vc
DY THIS
vc
Phenterminevc-vcanswer--
Actsvclikevcamphetamine,vcblockingvcbothvcthevcdopaminevctransportervc(DAT)vcandvcthevcnorepinephrinevctransportervc
ET)vcand,vcatvchighvcdoses,vcthevcvesicularvcmonoaminevctransportervc(VMAT)
Buprenorphinevc-vcanswer--Isvcalsovcapprovedvcforvc<18vcyearvcolds
Disulfiramvccautionvc-vcanswer--Alcoholvcreactionvcmayvcoccurvcwithinvctwovcweeksvcofvcalcoholvcingestion
Methadonevc-vcanswer--Isvcavcfullvcmu-receptorvcagonistvcwithvcavclongvchalf-
life,vcwhichvccanvcpreventvcwithdrawalvcsymptomsvcforvc24vchoursvcandvcprovidevcsteadyvccontrolvcofvccravingsvcthrougho
vcthevcday.vcInvcadditionvctovcitsvcopioidvcreceptorvcactivity,vcitvcisvcalsovcanvcantagonistvcofvcthevcN-methyl-D-
aspartatevc(NMDA)vcreceptor.
Hallucinogenicvcintoxicationvc-vcanswer--
pupillaryvcdilation,vctachycardia,vcsweating,vcpalpitations,vcblurredvcvision,vctremors,vcincoordination
Canvcbevcperceivedvcasvcavcpanicvcattackvcandvcoftenvccalledvcavcbadvctrip.vc
Canvcexperiencevcanvcacutevcstatevcofvcconfusionvc(delirium)vcwherevcthevcabuservcisvcdisorientedvcandvcagitated.
Disulfiramvc-vcanswer--
Irreversiblyvcinhibitsvcaldehydevcdehydrogenasevcresultingvcinvcbuildvcofvctoxicvclevelsvcofvcacetaldehyde
Acamprosatevcreducesvcglutamatevcreleasevcassociatedvcwithvcalcoholvcwithdrawal,vcnaltrexonevcblocksvcthevcenjoyme
vcofvcheavyvcdrinkingvcthroughvcitsvcactionvconvcrewardvccircuitry.
sedative-hypnoticsvc-vcanswer--ActvcatvcGABAvcAvcreceptorvcsitesvcinvcrewardvccircuits
ImpulsivevcDisordersvc-vcanswer--FocusedvconvcrewardvcandvcassociatedvcwithvcMesolimbicvcpathway
ThevcTuberomammillaryvcnucleusvc(TMN)vc-vcanswer--
containsvcthevconvcswitchvcwherevcasvcthevcoffvcswitchvcisvclocatedvcinvcthevcventrolateralvcpreopticvcnucleusvc(VLPO)
Guanfacinevc-vcanswer--Isvcanvcalphavc2vcagonist
Methylphenidatevc-vcanswer--Isvcavcdopaminevcnorepinephrinevcmultimodal
Amphataminesvc-vcanswer--Isvcavcdopaminevcnorepinephrinevcreuptakevcinhibitorvc(DN-RIRe),vcstimulant
Welbutrinvc(bupropion)vc-vcanswer--AntidepressantvcNDRI
Hyperactivityvcisvcmodulatedvcbyvc-vcanswer--Thevcprefrontalvccortec
Impulsivityvcisvcmodulatedvcbyvc-vcanswer--Thevcorbitofrontalvccortex
PresentationvcofvcADHDvcandvchyperactivityvc-vcanswer--
Hyperactivityvcisvcpresentvcinvcchildrenvcbutvcmarkedlyvcdeclinesvcwithvcage,vcbecomingvcmorevcsubjective,vclessvcappare
vcorvcobviousvctovcothers.vcAdultsvcarevcnotvcgenerallyvchyperactivevcbutvcdovcreportvcinternalvcrestlessnessvcandvcdifficult
sittingvcstill
ADHDvcsymptomsvc-vcanswer--inattention,vchyperactivity,vcimpulsivity
Melatoninvcandvcmelatoninvcreceptorvcagonistvc-vcanswer--Effectivevcforvcsleepvconsetvcbutvcnotvcforvcsleepvcmaintenanc
2vc/
vc9
vc vc vc vc vc vc
DY THIS
vc
NR546-FINALEXAM-PEARLS Q AND A
Firstvclinevctreatmentvcforvcdepressionvc-vcanswer--SSRIs
CommonvcsidevceffectvcofvcSSRIsvc-vcanswer--sexualvcdysfunction
rapidvccyclingvcbipolarvcdisordervc-vcanswer--Minimumvcofvc4vcepisodesvcavcyear
Goalvcofvcantidepressantvctherapyvc-vcanswer--completevcremissionvcofvcsymptoms
SerotoninvcGIvceffectsvc-vcanswer--Duevctovcthevcfactvcthatvc90%vcofvc5HTvcreceptorsvcarevclocatedvcinvcGIvctract
bestvctoleratedvcSSRIvc-vcanswer--Escitalopramvc(Lexapro)vcalsovchasvcfewestvcCYPvcinteractions
Lithiumvclevelsvc-vcanswer--CanvcbevcincreasedvcbyvcNSAIDSvcandvcACEvcinhibitors
Canvcbevcdecreasedvcbyvccaffeinevcandvcmania
Unaffectedvcbyvcamiloride,vcfurosemide,vcandvcsulindac
Lithiumvcpurposevc-vcanswer--
Effectivevctreatmentvcforvcmanicvcepisodes,vctovcpreventvcreoccurrencevcandvctovcavclowervcdegreevcisvceffectivevcinvcdep
ssivevcepisodes
Lamotriginevc-vcanswer--Wellvctoleratedvcexceptvcforvcthevcpropensityvctovccausevcavcrash
Monoaminesvc-vcanswer--dopamine,vcnorepinephrine,vcserotonin
Lamotriginevc-vcanswer--Isvcavcmoodvcstabilizer
Lithiumvc-vcanswer--Wellvcestablishedvctovcpreventvcsuicidevcinvcclientsvcwithvcmoodvcdisorders
Lithiumvc-vcanswer--Hasvcavcnarrowvctherapeuticvcwindowvcandvcrequiresvclawvcdraws
1stvclinevctreatmentvcforvcOCDvc-vcanswer--SSRIsvcarevcfirstvcline.vcBenzodiazepinesvcarevcnot!!!
PrimaryvcactionvcofvchallucinogenicvcdrugsvcsuchvcasvcLSD,mescaline,vcpsilocybin,vcandvcMDMAvc-vcanswer--
Agonismvcofvc5HT2Avcreceptors
Hallucinogensvcmayvchavevcadditionalvcactionsvcatvcothervcserotoninvcreceptorsvc(particularlyvc5HT1Avcandvc5HT2C)vca
vcatvcothervcneurotransmitter vcsystems,vcandvcMDMAvcinvcparticularvcalsovcblocksvcthevcserotoninvctransportervc(SERT)
Controlsvcappetitevc-vcanswer--
hypothalamusvcservesvcasvcthevcbrainvccentervcthatvccontrolsvcappetitevcbyvcutilizingvcavccomplexvcsetvcofvccircuitsvcandvcr
ulators.vcOnevcformulationvcofvchowvcthevchypothalamusvcdoesvcthisvcisvcthevcnotionvcthatvctherevcisvcavcmajorvcappetitevcs
mulatingvcpathwayvcwhosevcactionsvcarevcmediatedvcbyvctwovcpeptidesvc(neuropeptidevcYvcandvcagouti-relatedvcprotein
1vc/
vc9
, BSC 546 Final Exam Review Material STU
vc vc vc vc vc vc
DY THIS
vc
Phenterminevc-vcanswer--
Actsvclikevcamphetamine,vcblockingvcbothvcthevcdopaminevctransportervc(DAT)vcandvcthevcnorepinephrinevctransportervc
ET)vcand,vcatvchighvcdoses,vcthevcvesicularvcmonoaminevctransportervc(VMAT)
Buprenorphinevc-vcanswer--Isvcalsovcapprovedvcforvc<18vcyearvcolds
Disulfiramvccautionvc-vcanswer--Alcoholvcreactionvcmayvcoccurvcwithinvctwovcweeksvcofvcalcoholvcingestion
Methadonevc-vcanswer--Isvcavcfullvcmu-receptorvcagonistvcwithvcavclongvchalf-
life,vcwhichvccanvcpreventvcwithdrawalvcsymptomsvcforvc24vchoursvcandvcprovidevcsteadyvccontrolvcofvccravingsvcthrougho
vcthevcday.vcInvcadditionvctovcitsvcopioidvcreceptorvcactivity,vcitvcisvcalsovcanvcantagonistvcofvcthevcN-methyl-D-
aspartatevc(NMDA)vcreceptor.
Hallucinogenicvcintoxicationvc-vcanswer--
pupillaryvcdilation,vctachycardia,vcsweating,vcpalpitations,vcblurredvcvision,vctremors,vcincoordination
Canvcbevcperceivedvcasvcavcpanicvcattackvcandvcoftenvccalledvcavcbadvctrip.vc
Canvcexperiencevcanvcacutevcstatevcofvcconfusionvc(delirium)vcwherevcthevcabuservcisvcdisorientedvcandvcagitated.
Disulfiramvc-vcanswer--
Irreversiblyvcinhibitsvcaldehydevcdehydrogenasevcresultingvcinvcbuildvcofvctoxicvclevelsvcofvcacetaldehyde
Acamprosatevcreducesvcglutamatevcreleasevcassociatedvcwithvcalcoholvcwithdrawal,vcnaltrexonevcblocksvcthevcenjoyme
vcofvcheavyvcdrinkingvcthroughvcitsvcactionvconvcrewardvccircuitry.
sedative-hypnoticsvc-vcanswer--ActvcatvcGABAvcAvcreceptorvcsitesvcinvcrewardvccircuits
ImpulsivevcDisordersvc-vcanswer--FocusedvconvcrewardvcandvcassociatedvcwithvcMesolimbicvcpathway
ThevcTuberomammillaryvcnucleusvc(TMN)vc-vcanswer--
containsvcthevconvcswitchvcwherevcasvcthevcoffvcswitchvcisvclocatedvcinvcthevcventrolateralvcpreopticvcnucleusvc(VLPO)
Guanfacinevc-vcanswer--Isvcanvcalphavc2vcagonist
Methylphenidatevc-vcanswer--Isvcavcdopaminevcnorepinephrinevcmultimodal
Amphataminesvc-vcanswer--Isvcavcdopaminevcnorepinephrinevcreuptakevcinhibitorvc(DN-RIRe),vcstimulant
Welbutrinvc(bupropion)vc-vcanswer--AntidepressantvcNDRI
Hyperactivityvcisvcmodulatedvcbyvc-vcanswer--Thevcprefrontalvccortec
Impulsivityvcisvcmodulatedvcbyvc-vcanswer--Thevcorbitofrontalvccortex
PresentationvcofvcADHDvcandvchyperactivityvc-vcanswer--
Hyperactivityvcisvcpresentvcinvcchildrenvcbutvcmarkedlyvcdeclinesvcwithvcage,vcbecomingvcmorevcsubjective,vclessvcappare
vcorvcobviousvctovcothers.vcAdultsvcarevcnotvcgenerallyvchyperactivevcbutvcdovcreportvcinternalvcrestlessnessvcandvcdifficult
sittingvcstill
ADHDvcsymptomsvc-vcanswer--inattention,vchyperactivity,vcimpulsivity
Melatoninvcandvcmelatoninvcreceptorvcagonistvc-vcanswer--Effectivevcforvcsleepvconsetvcbutvcnotvcforvcsleepvcmaintenanc
2vc/
vc9
