WGU D312 Anatomy & Physiology I | OA |
Objective Assessment | 150 Actual Questions
and Answers Latest Updated (Graded A+)
1. What is the correct order of organization levels, from largest to smallest?
A. Chemical, cellular, organ, tissue, organ system, organism
B. Organism, organ, tissue, organ system, cellular, chemical
C. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
D. Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
Correct Answer: C. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Rationale: Biological organization begins at the smallest level (chemical) and
increases in complexity. Molecules form cells, cells organize into tissues, tissues
form organs, organs work together in organ systems, and the sum of all systems is
the organism.
2. What are the two systems that maintain blood pressure homeostasis?
A. Nervous and urinary systems
B. Cardiovascular and immune systems
C. Endocrine and urinary systems
D. Cardiovascular and urinary systems
Correct Answer: A. Nervous and urinary systems
Rationale: The nervous system regulates blood pressure acutely via baroreceptor
reflexes, while the urinary (renal) system regulates long-term control by adjusting
blood volume through fluid balance.
,3. Which body system is responsible for structural support?
A. Endocrine system
B. Cardiovascular system
C. Skeletal system
D. Muscular system
Correct Answer: C. Skeletal system
Rationale: The skeletal system provides structural support, protects internal
organs, stores minerals, and serves as an attachment point for muscles to enable
movement.
4. What is the smallest independently functioning biological unit of an
organism?
A. Molecule
B. Tissue
C. Organ
D. Cell
Correct Answer: D. Cell
Rationale: Cells are the fundamental structural and functional units of life. They
carry out essential processes independently, unlike tissues and organs that rely on
cellular organization.
5. What is true about the cell membrane?
A. Cell permeability is based on size only.
B. Substances enter the cell membrane but do not exit.
C. All transport through the membrane requires energy.
D. It is selectively permeable.
Correct Answer: D. It is selectively permeable
Rationale: The plasma membrane regulates exchange by allowing certain
,molecules in or out, maintaining homeostasis. It uses passive and active transport
mechanisms.
6. What is the function of lysosomes?
A. Transport proteins in and out of the cell
B. Breakdown of large cell components and old cells
C. Synthesize protein
D. Make ATP
Correct Answer: B. Breakdown of large cell components and old cells
Rationale: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest worn-out organelles,
cellular debris, and macromolecules, aiding cellular recycling.
7. What happens during osmosis?
A. Solutes move from more water to less water.
B. Water molecules move from low concentrated solutes to high concentrated
solutes.
C. Solutes move to balance the concentration.
D. Water molecules move across the membrane from high concentrated solutes to
low concentrated solutes.
Correct Answer: B. Water molecules move from low concentrated solutes to
high concentrated solutes
Rationale: Osmosis is the passive diffusion of water across a semipermeable
membrane, moving toward the area of higher solute concentration to balance
osmotic pressure.
8. Which organelle is found on rough endoplasmic reticulum and in cytoplasm?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
, C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: D. Ribosome
Rationale: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and are found either
free in the cytoplasm or attached to rough ER, forming the rough surface.
9. What are the four types of tissue?
A. Epithelia, connective, muscular, skeletal
B. Epithelial, connective, skeletal, nervous
C. Epithelial, muscular, skeletal, nervous
D. Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
Correct Answer: D. Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
Rationale: The four primary tissue types in animals are epithelial (covering/lining),
connective (support), muscle (movement), and nervous (communication).
10. What is true about epithelial tissue? Choose 2 answers.
A. It is found on the exterior surface of the body.
B. It lines the internal cavities.
C. It no longer goes through mitosis.
D. It is vascular.
Correct Answers: A. It is found on the exterior surface of the body & B. It lines
the internal cavities
Rationale: Epithelial tissue forms protective coverings both externally and
internally. It is avascular (lacking blood vessels) but capable of mitosis to
regenerate damaged cells.
Objective Assessment | 150 Actual Questions
and Answers Latest Updated (Graded A+)
1. What is the correct order of organization levels, from largest to smallest?
A. Chemical, cellular, organ, tissue, organ system, organism
B. Organism, organ, tissue, organ system, cellular, chemical
C. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
D. Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
Correct Answer: C. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Rationale: Biological organization begins at the smallest level (chemical) and
increases in complexity. Molecules form cells, cells organize into tissues, tissues
form organs, organs work together in organ systems, and the sum of all systems is
the organism.
2. What are the two systems that maintain blood pressure homeostasis?
A. Nervous and urinary systems
B. Cardiovascular and immune systems
C. Endocrine and urinary systems
D. Cardiovascular and urinary systems
Correct Answer: A. Nervous and urinary systems
Rationale: The nervous system regulates blood pressure acutely via baroreceptor
reflexes, while the urinary (renal) system regulates long-term control by adjusting
blood volume through fluid balance.
,3. Which body system is responsible for structural support?
A. Endocrine system
B. Cardiovascular system
C. Skeletal system
D. Muscular system
Correct Answer: C. Skeletal system
Rationale: The skeletal system provides structural support, protects internal
organs, stores minerals, and serves as an attachment point for muscles to enable
movement.
4. What is the smallest independently functioning biological unit of an
organism?
A. Molecule
B. Tissue
C. Organ
D. Cell
Correct Answer: D. Cell
Rationale: Cells are the fundamental structural and functional units of life. They
carry out essential processes independently, unlike tissues and organs that rely on
cellular organization.
5. What is true about the cell membrane?
A. Cell permeability is based on size only.
B. Substances enter the cell membrane but do not exit.
C. All transport through the membrane requires energy.
D. It is selectively permeable.
Correct Answer: D. It is selectively permeable
Rationale: The plasma membrane regulates exchange by allowing certain
,molecules in or out, maintaining homeostasis. It uses passive and active transport
mechanisms.
6. What is the function of lysosomes?
A. Transport proteins in and out of the cell
B. Breakdown of large cell components and old cells
C. Synthesize protein
D. Make ATP
Correct Answer: B. Breakdown of large cell components and old cells
Rationale: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest worn-out organelles,
cellular debris, and macromolecules, aiding cellular recycling.
7. What happens during osmosis?
A. Solutes move from more water to less water.
B. Water molecules move from low concentrated solutes to high concentrated
solutes.
C. Solutes move to balance the concentration.
D. Water molecules move across the membrane from high concentrated solutes to
low concentrated solutes.
Correct Answer: B. Water molecules move from low concentrated solutes to
high concentrated solutes
Rationale: Osmosis is the passive diffusion of water across a semipermeable
membrane, moving toward the area of higher solute concentration to balance
osmotic pressure.
8. Which organelle is found on rough endoplasmic reticulum and in cytoplasm?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
, C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: D. Ribosome
Rationale: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and are found either
free in the cytoplasm or attached to rough ER, forming the rough surface.
9. What are the four types of tissue?
A. Epithelia, connective, muscular, skeletal
B. Epithelial, connective, skeletal, nervous
C. Epithelial, muscular, skeletal, nervous
D. Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
Correct Answer: D. Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
Rationale: The four primary tissue types in animals are epithelial (covering/lining),
connective (support), muscle (movement), and nervous (communication).
10. What is true about epithelial tissue? Choose 2 answers.
A. It is found on the exterior surface of the body.
B. It lines the internal cavities.
C. It no longer goes through mitosis.
D. It is vascular.
Correct Answers: A. It is found on the exterior surface of the body & B. It lines
the internal cavities
Rationale: Epithelial tissue forms protective coverings both externally and
internally. It is avascular (lacking blood vessels) but capable of mitosis to
regenerate damaged cells.
