ATI Pharm exam #3 Questions and Correct Answers
2025 2026 Rated A+
What are the clinical indications for Penicillin?
- Treats gram-positive infections (Strep, Staph, Enterococcus)
- used for skin, respiratory, and urinary infections
- used prophylactically in certain surgical cases.
What is the MOA for Penicillin
Bactericidal - Disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to lysis and death
Penicillin expected effects
Decreased fever, WBC count, inflammation, pain, drainage—resolution of infection
signs.
Penicillin common adverse effects
- urticaria
- pruritus
- angioedema
- Rash, itching, GI upset, oral thrush
Penicillin severe adverse effects
Anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, eosinophilia.
Nursing management for penecillin
- Check for allergies (esp. PCN)
- Monitor electrolytes (potassium)
,- Monitor for signs of superinfection
- Give with food if GI upset occurs
Patient education for penicillin
- Take full course of therapy
- Use backup birth control
- Report rash or difficulty breathing
ampicillin class
- amniopenicillin: penicillin subclass
Patient education for ampicillin
- Take entire course
- Use backup birth control
- Report signs of allergy or persistent diarrhea
what class of drugs is erythromycin
macrolide
Indications for erythromycin
- Respiratory tract infections (strep, H. influenzae)
- skin infections, STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea)
- mycoplasma infections
- for those allergic to PCN.
Erythromycin MOA
- Bacteriostatic (can be bactericidal in high doses). - Inhibits protein synthesis by
binding to bacterial ribosomes.
Erythromycin expected effects
- symptom relief
- normal wbc
Erythromycin
- GI upset (N/V/D) – most common
- Hepatotoxicity
- Tinnitus, hearing loss (high doses)
- flatulence
- jaundice
, - anorexia
Erythromycin nursing management
- Monitor for liver function
- Give on an empty stomach if possible
- Assess for hearing changes
Erythromycin patient education
- Report yellowing skin/eyes, dark urine, hearing changes
Vancomycin clinical indications
- SERIOUS gram-positive infections
- MRSA
- IV form bone/joint infections
Vancomycin MOA
Bactericidal
Vancomycin expected outcomes
- reduced fever, wbc, improved infection status
Vancomycin adverse effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- "Red man syndrome" (flushing/hypotension if infused too fast)
- an antihistamine may be ordered to reduce effects
Vancomycin nursing management
- Infuse slowly over at least 60 minutes
- Monitor IV site for infiltration
- Monitor renal and hearing function
- ensure adequate hydration ( 2L/fluids/ 24hr)
Vancomycin patient education
- Report hearing loss, tinnitus
- Watch for allergic reactions
Vancomycin lab values
2025 2026 Rated A+
What are the clinical indications for Penicillin?
- Treats gram-positive infections (Strep, Staph, Enterococcus)
- used for skin, respiratory, and urinary infections
- used prophylactically in certain surgical cases.
What is the MOA for Penicillin
Bactericidal - Disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to lysis and death
Penicillin expected effects
Decreased fever, WBC count, inflammation, pain, drainage—resolution of infection
signs.
Penicillin common adverse effects
- urticaria
- pruritus
- angioedema
- Rash, itching, GI upset, oral thrush
Penicillin severe adverse effects
Anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, eosinophilia.
Nursing management for penecillin
- Check for allergies (esp. PCN)
- Monitor electrolytes (potassium)
,- Monitor for signs of superinfection
- Give with food if GI upset occurs
Patient education for penicillin
- Take full course of therapy
- Use backup birth control
- Report rash or difficulty breathing
ampicillin class
- amniopenicillin: penicillin subclass
Patient education for ampicillin
- Take entire course
- Use backup birth control
- Report signs of allergy or persistent diarrhea
what class of drugs is erythromycin
macrolide
Indications for erythromycin
- Respiratory tract infections (strep, H. influenzae)
- skin infections, STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea)
- mycoplasma infections
- for those allergic to PCN.
Erythromycin MOA
- Bacteriostatic (can be bactericidal in high doses). - Inhibits protein synthesis by
binding to bacterial ribosomes.
Erythromycin expected effects
- symptom relief
- normal wbc
Erythromycin
- GI upset (N/V/D) – most common
- Hepatotoxicity
- Tinnitus, hearing loss (high doses)
- flatulence
- jaundice
, - anorexia
Erythromycin nursing management
- Monitor for liver function
- Give on an empty stomach if possible
- Assess for hearing changes
Erythromycin patient education
- Report yellowing skin/eyes, dark urine, hearing changes
Vancomycin clinical indications
- SERIOUS gram-positive infections
- MRSA
- IV form bone/joint infections
Vancomycin MOA
Bactericidal
Vancomycin expected outcomes
- reduced fever, wbc, improved infection status
Vancomycin adverse effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- "Red man syndrome" (flushing/hypotension if infused too fast)
- an antihistamine may be ordered to reduce effects
Vancomycin nursing management
- Infuse slowly over at least 60 minutes
- Monitor IV site for infiltration
- Monitor renal and hearing function
- ensure adequate hydration ( 2L/fluids/ 24hr)
Vancomycin patient education
- Report hearing loss, tinnitus
- Watch for allergic reactions
Vancomycin lab values
