Emt Unit 6 Exam Questions With Correct Verified Answers | 100% Pass (A+ Certified)

1. Closed Chest Injury Answer Injury in which the skin is not broken - This type of injury is generally caused by blunt trauma 1.) A person strikes a steering wheel or an airbag in a motor vehicle crash 2.) Struck by a falling object 3.) Struck in the chest by some object during a fight These types of injuries often cause significant contusions in both the cardiac muscle (cardiac contusion) and the lung tissue (pulmonary contusion), thus impairing the function of those organs 2. Closed Chest Injury ~ Heart Damage Answer If the heart is damaged in this manner, it may not be able to refill with blood or blood may not be pumped with enough force out of the heart, creating a form of inadequate tissue oxygenation called cardiogenic shock - Any bruising of the lung tissue may result in the affected alveoli not functioning This impairment can cause a decrease in available oxygen (hypoxia) and an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood (hypercarbia) 3. Rib fractures Answer Create sharp broken bone ends that can lacerate lung tissue and cause further vessel damage with every movement of the chest wall - This type of bleeding can be hidden from external view and rapidly lead to hypovolemic shock 4. In Blunt Trauma, A Blow To The Chest Answer May fracture the ribs, the sternum, or whole areas of the chest wall, bruise the lungs and the heart, and even damage the aorta - Although the skin and chest wall are not penetrated in a closed injury, broken ribs may lacerate the contents of the chest Damage to the chest wall structures may impair patients' ability to ventilate on their own 5. Open Chest Injury Answer Generally caused by penetrating trauma - Some objects, such as a knife, a bullet, a piece of metal, or the broken end of a fractured rib, penetrate the chest wall itself The damage occurring from this type of trauma typically is instant - However, the symptoms of these injuries may take time to develop as the damaged vessels continue to bleed or the lung collapses from a puncture that results in an expanding pneumothorax 6. Impaled Object ~ Open Chest Injury Answer Occasionally, the object that penetrates and creates an open chest injury remains in place 7. When You Have A Patient With An Impaled Object Answer Do not attempt to move or remove the object because it may be occluding the hole in the vessel that has been punctured - Removing the object can lead to severe bleeding Another reason not to remove the impaled object from the chest is that the objects that cause tissue damage on entry will likely cause damage on removal, resulting in further injury - The removal is best left for the surgeon Any alteration from this standard should come directly from online medical control 8. The Signs Of Chest Injury Answer 1.) Pain at the site of injury 2.) Pain localized at the site of injury that is aggravated by or increased with breathing 3.) Bruising to the chest wall 4.) Crepitus (the sensation felt when broken bone ends grind together) with palpation of the chest 5.) Any penetrating injury to the chest 6.) Dyspnea (difficulty breathing, shortness of breath) 7.) Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) 8.) Failure of one or both sides of the chest to expand normally with inspiration 9.) Rapid, weak pulse and low blood pressure 10.) Cyanosis around the lips or fingernails 11.) Diminished breath sounds on one side 12.) Low oxygen saturation 9. Signs Of Chest Injury ~ Change In Normal Breathing Answer After a chest injury, any change in normal breathing is a particularly important sign - A healthy, uninjured adult usually breathes at a rate from 12 to 20 breaths/min without difficulty and without pain 10. Signs Of Chest Injury ~ Chest Rise & Fall Answer The chest should rise and fall in a symmetric pattern with each breath - Respirations of fewer than 10 breaths/min or of more than 20 breaths/min may indicate inadequate breathing 11. Signs Of Chest Injury ~ Tachypnea Answer