Psych 121 Exam 2 questions with
verified answers passed
Extinction - ANS ✔When a selected behavior is no longer reinforced, it becomes weaker and
eventually fades away
Partial Reinforcement Effect - ANS ✔Behavior that is maintained by little reinforcement is very
resistant to extinction
Reacquisition - ANS ✔learning a behavior again after extinction (Behavior is relearned faster
than when learned or the first time)
Primary Eliciting Reinforcement - ANS ✔Inexperienced learners(newborns) respond only to
eliciting stimuli selected evolutionary: loud noise, touch, air blown in eye.
Serial Compound Conditioning - ANS ✔S2 is followed by S1 which is then followed by the US. Ex
S1:bell, S2: Tone, US: Sugar
Self-Control - ANS ✔Forgoing behavior that results in immediate reinforcement and instead
engaging in behavior that has delayed but better reinforcers.
Behavior Chains - ANS ✔Sequence of behaviors, each of which is prompted by an Sd and
followed by an acquired reinforcer which is the Sd for the next step in the sequence. the end of
the chain produces a primary elicitor. Ex. Morning routine, school routine
CRF - ANS ✔Each R is reinforced: Rapid acquisition and rapid extinction
, Intermittent Schedule - ANS ✔Some R is reinforced; the effects of particular schedules vary
Cumulative Recorder - ANS ✔no R = flat line; R = ^line
Extinction and partial reinforcement - ANS ✔The more unpredictable the initial schedule, the
more resistant the behavior is to extinction.
Two-Key Studies - ANS ✔A basic way to study choice is to have two option for an animal, each
with a different schedule of reinforcement.
Two ratio schedule - ANS ✔One in each key or disk, animal almost always hits the key that has
the best payoff
Two Fixed Interval schedules - ANS ✔The animal engages in steady, respective alterations of
behavior (it maximizes payoff for effort)
Herrnstein's Matching Law - ANS ✔B1/B1+B2=R1/R1+R2
Molar - ANS ✔A focus on behavior in context and over the long haul. Descriptions of long-term
selection and behavior patterns
Molecular - ANS ✔A focus on behavior in small increments. Description of basic mechanisms.
Aversive elicitors - ANS ✔can induce escape or avoidant responses (Negative Reinforcement).
They can also stop responses that bring them about (punishment).
Shaping - ANS ✔The current init of behavior no longer works well, it varies, a new variation
works better and is selected
verified answers passed
Extinction - ANS ✔When a selected behavior is no longer reinforced, it becomes weaker and
eventually fades away
Partial Reinforcement Effect - ANS ✔Behavior that is maintained by little reinforcement is very
resistant to extinction
Reacquisition - ANS ✔learning a behavior again after extinction (Behavior is relearned faster
than when learned or the first time)
Primary Eliciting Reinforcement - ANS ✔Inexperienced learners(newborns) respond only to
eliciting stimuli selected evolutionary: loud noise, touch, air blown in eye.
Serial Compound Conditioning - ANS ✔S2 is followed by S1 which is then followed by the US. Ex
S1:bell, S2: Tone, US: Sugar
Self-Control - ANS ✔Forgoing behavior that results in immediate reinforcement and instead
engaging in behavior that has delayed but better reinforcers.
Behavior Chains - ANS ✔Sequence of behaviors, each of which is prompted by an Sd and
followed by an acquired reinforcer which is the Sd for the next step in the sequence. the end of
the chain produces a primary elicitor. Ex. Morning routine, school routine
CRF - ANS ✔Each R is reinforced: Rapid acquisition and rapid extinction
, Intermittent Schedule - ANS ✔Some R is reinforced; the effects of particular schedules vary
Cumulative Recorder - ANS ✔no R = flat line; R = ^line
Extinction and partial reinforcement - ANS ✔The more unpredictable the initial schedule, the
more resistant the behavior is to extinction.
Two-Key Studies - ANS ✔A basic way to study choice is to have two option for an animal, each
with a different schedule of reinforcement.
Two ratio schedule - ANS ✔One in each key or disk, animal almost always hits the key that has
the best payoff
Two Fixed Interval schedules - ANS ✔The animal engages in steady, respective alterations of
behavior (it maximizes payoff for effort)
Herrnstein's Matching Law - ANS ✔B1/B1+B2=R1/R1+R2
Molar - ANS ✔A focus on behavior in context and over the long haul. Descriptions of long-term
selection and behavior patterns
Molecular - ANS ✔A focus on behavior in small increments. Description of basic mechanisms.
Aversive elicitors - ANS ✔can induce escape or avoidant responses (Negative Reinforcement).
They can also stop responses that bring them about (punishment).
Shaping - ANS ✔The current init of behavior no longer works well, it varies, a new variation
works better and is selected
