Fluid And Electrolyte Case Studies – Questions With
Thorough Solutions
Usually, magnesium and calcium have a direct relationship. They work
together to perform many fxns, i.e. heartbeat regulation and muscle
contraction. When does their relationship become inverse? Accurate
Answer:- These two compete for the same activation sites. If one or the
other becomes Hyper, there is not enough activation sites for the non-Hyper
electrolyte to bind to, causing it to be excessively secreted -> thus making it
Hypo
A man presents with phosphate deleption or hypophosphatemia.
1. What 2 electrolytes do you expect to increase in this man's urine?
2. Why does this occur? Accurate Answer:- 1.
Hyper[magnesia/calcemia]
2. Phosphorus is regulated by the renals, leading to change in Mg and Ca levels
Drinking water:
1. Where is it absorbed?
2. What happens to the blood?
3. Other than the renals, 2 organs activate? Accurate Answer:- 1. Colon
2. Osmolality decreases
3 Hypothalamus + Adrenals
When blood volume drops:
1. What does aldosterone activate?
2. What are the 2 things that enter the blood? Accurate Answer:- 1.
Active transport of tubule Na
2. Water + Na
23yo = fractures in legs + pelvis.
BP: 86/40
, HR: 120
RR: 30
Skin: Cool, pale
Peripheral pulses: Weak, thready
1. What is the blood solution?
2. What IV fluids are needed? Accurate Answer:- 1. Isotonic
2. NS + Lactated ringers
16yo= bicycle accident, no helmet
No cerebral bleeding, responsive to painful stimuli only
1. What IV fluid type would be dangerous?
2. What could happen if given this fluid? Accurate Answer:- 1.
Hypotonic
2. Cerebral edema
Populations most at risk for FVD:
A. Infants
B. Adolescents
C. Patients w/SIADHs
D. Young adults Accurate Answer:- A. Correct
B + D. Healthy persons have normally functioning kidneys
C. Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone secretion = at risk for
FVE
Checking orthostatic hypotension allows nurse to detect early signs of:
A. Hypovolemia
B. Low serum osmolality
C. High serum osmolality
D. Hypervolemia Accurate Answer:- A. Correct
First step after assessing patient with hypovolemic shock:
A. Assess for dehydration
Thorough Solutions
Usually, magnesium and calcium have a direct relationship. They work
together to perform many fxns, i.e. heartbeat regulation and muscle
contraction. When does their relationship become inverse? Accurate
Answer:- These two compete for the same activation sites. If one or the
other becomes Hyper, there is not enough activation sites for the non-Hyper
electrolyte to bind to, causing it to be excessively secreted -> thus making it
Hypo
A man presents with phosphate deleption or hypophosphatemia.
1. What 2 electrolytes do you expect to increase in this man's urine?
2. Why does this occur? Accurate Answer:- 1.
Hyper[magnesia/calcemia]
2. Phosphorus is regulated by the renals, leading to change in Mg and Ca levels
Drinking water:
1. Where is it absorbed?
2. What happens to the blood?
3. Other than the renals, 2 organs activate? Accurate Answer:- 1. Colon
2. Osmolality decreases
3 Hypothalamus + Adrenals
When blood volume drops:
1. What does aldosterone activate?
2. What are the 2 things that enter the blood? Accurate Answer:- 1.
Active transport of tubule Na
2. Water + Na
23yo = fractures in legs + pelvis.
BP: 86/40
, HR: 120
RR: 30
Skin: Cool, pale
Peripheral pulses: Weak, thready
1. What is the blood solution?
2. What IV fluids are needed? Accurate Answer:- 1. Isotonic
2. NS + Lactated ringers
16yo= bicycle accident, no helmet
No cerebral bleeding, responsive to painful stimuli only
1. What IV fluid type would be dangerous?
2. What could happen if given this fluid? Accurate Answer:- 1.
Hypotonic
2. Cerebral edema
Populations most at risk for FVD:
A. Infants
B. Adolescents
C. Patients w/SIADHs
D. Young adults Accurate Answer:- A. Correct
B + D. Healthy persons have normally functioning kidneys
C. Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone secretion = at risk for
FVE
Checking orthostatic hypotension allows nurse to detect early signs of:
A. Hypovolemia
B. Low serum osmolality
C. High serum osmolality
D. Hypervolemia Accurate Answer:- A. Correct
First step after assessing patient with hypovolemic shock:
A. Assess for dehydration
