1
ABFM KSA Care of Hospitalized Patients practice 280
questions with verified answers 2025/26 update
Day patients may be admitted for - Answer: routine de sexing, minor procedures, diagnostic procedures,
monitoring
Short stay patients (few days up to a week) may be admitted because - Answer: they require close
monitoring, recovering from an illness or surgical procedure
Extended stay patients (over a week) may stay because - Answer: they are critically ill
Exercise routines include - Answer: walking, outdoor runs and cages
hypothermia - Answer: <35
Temperatures of 32-35 are.. - Answer: detrimental
Temperatures of <28 are.. - Answer: life-threatening
Treatment of hypothermia includes - Answer: blankets, warm bottles, electric blanket, heating cage and
lamp
Why is it important to warm IV fluids of hypo-thermic animals? - Answer: Cold iv fluids may cause a
decrease in temperature when given rapidly
Why is important to administer shock fluids first before warming a hypo-thermic patient? - Answer:
Warming causes peripheral vasodilation and a further reduction in blood pressure
Hyperthermia - Answer: >40
,2
Why is a continuous increase in a patients body temperature harmful? - Answer: the enzyme systems of
the body function optimally at normal temperature
What drugs can be used to treat hyperthermia? - Answer: Cold iv fluids, NSAIDS
What methods are used to cool patients down >41? - Answer: Wetting the whole patient, using a fan,
wrapping in wet towels, cold surfaces
Where should Ice packs be placed when cooling? - Answer: inguinal, axillary and jugular area
Why are ice packs placed in certain areas? - Answer: cools core temperature and prevents peripheral
vasoconstriction
How often should a recumbent patient be turned? - Answer: 2-4 hours
Why are recumbent patients turned? - Answer: to promote pulmonary drainage and to prevent
pulmonary hypostasis
Why perform tracheal compression in recumbent patients? - Answer: coughing stimulates maximal lung
expansion
How is pulmonary physiotherapy performed? - Answer: chest percussion/mechanical vibration
Why is pulmonary physiotherapy performed? - Answer: to dislodge secretions
Formal hospital rounds include - Answer: presenting problem, treatment, progress/response, treatment
Atelectasis - Answer: collapse of part of the lung
What is the best position for a recumbent patient? - Answer: Sternal
,3
Hypo-static pneumonia is caused by the? - Answer: pooling of fluid in the lung and the decrease in
viability
Hypostatic pneumonia often occurs in.. - Answer: older patients in lateral for a long time
Signs of hypostatic pneumonia - Answer: increased respiratory effort, rapid/shallow breathing, moist
noises
What is thoracic coupage? - Answer: gentle percussive therapy using cupped hands over the chest
What are the benefits of thoracic coupage? - Answer: promotes clearance of secretions
Why should patients be monitored during coupage? - Answer: released secretions may obstruct the
airway and cause dyspnoea
What part of the lung should thoracic coupage be performed? - Answer: the affected part
Risk factors for developing pressure sores? - Answer: large breed dogs, hard surfaces, urine/faeces or
skin infections
Why should the urination reflex be assessed? - Answer: to ensure the animal can pee by themselves
What happens when there is no voluntary control to urinate? - Answer: the bladder empties due to
reflex, only when very full
A large quantity of urine indicates? - Answer: complete emptying of the bladder, palpate to confirm
A small quantity of urine indicates? - Answer: incomplete emptying or urine overflow from full bladder
, 4
If the patient is not urinating voluntarily, what is performed? - Answer: bladder expression
What position is the bladder expressed in? - Answer: Lateral or standing
What can happen to patients that are recumbant for prolonged periods of time? - Answer: develop
muscle atrophy, joint stiffness and poor circulation
What position is physiotherapy performed in? - Answer: lateral or standing in sling
What are the common techniques for physiotherapy? - Answer: massage and passive range of motion,
flexion and extension of the joints
Correct nutrition is a major factor in.. - Answer: recovery from illness, maintenance in health and
management of diseases
What are water and minerals required for? - Answer: all functions apart from the supply of energy
What nutrtional components are used for energy? - Answer: Carbs, fats and proteins
What are vitamins primary involved in? - Answer: metabolic functions
benefits of adequate nutrition - Answer: prevents weight loss, normal gi motility, improved wound
healing
anorexia - Answer: complete lack of appetite with no desire to eat
inappetence - Answer: reduced appetite, associated with metabolic disorders
Illness factor - Answer: nausea or disease processes cause disinterest in food
ABFM KSA Care of Hospitalized Patients practice 280
questions with verified answers 2025/26 update
Day patients may be admitted for - Answer: routine de sexing, minor procedures, diagnostic procedures,
monitoring
Short stay patients (few days up to a week) may be admitted because - Answer: they require close
monitoring, recovering from an illness or surgical procedure
Extended stay patients (over a week) may stay because - Answer: they are critically ill
Exercise routines include - Answer: walking, outdoor runs and cages
hypothermia - Answer: <35
Temperatures of 32-35 are.. - Answer: detrimental
Temperatures of <28 are.. - Answer: life-threatening
Treatment of hypothermia includes - Answer: blankets, warm bottles, electric blanket, heating cage and
lamp
Why is it important to warm IV fluids of hypo-thermic animals? - Answer: Cold iv fluids may cause a
decrease in temperature when given rapidly
Why is important to administer shock fluids first before warming a hypo-thermic patient? - Answer:
Warming causes peripheral vasodilation and a further reduction in blood pressure
Hyperthermia - Answer: >40
,2
Why is a continuous increase in a patients body temperature harmful? - Answer: the enzyme systems of
the body function optimally at normal temperature
What drugs can be used to treat hyperthermia? - Answer: Cold iv fluids, NSAIDS
What methods are used to cool patients down >41? - Answer: Wetting the whole patient, using a fan,
wrapping in wet towels, cold surfaces
Where should Ice packs be placed when cooling? - Answer: inguinal, axillary and jugular area
Why are ice packs placed in certain areas? - Answer: cools core temperature and prevents peripheral
vasoconstriction
How often should a recumbent patient be turned? - Answer: 2-4 hours
Why are recumbent patients turned? - Answer: to promote pulmonary drainage and to prevent
pulmonary hypostasis
Why perform tracheal compression in recumbent patients? - Answer: coughing stimulates maximal lung
expansion
How is pulmonary physiotherapy performed? - Answer: chest percussion/mechanical vibration
Why is pulmonary physiotherapy performed? - Answer: to dislodge secretions
Formal hospital rounds include - Answer: presenting problem, treatment, progress/response, treatment
Atelectasis - Answer: collapse of part of the lung
What is the best position for a recumbent patient? - Answer: Sternal
,3
Hypo-static pneumonia is caused by the? - Answer: pooling of fluid in the lung and the decrease in
viability
Hypostatic pneumonia often occurs in.. - Answer: older patients in lateral for a long time
Signs of hypostatic pneumonia - Answer: increased respiratory effort, rapid/shallow breathing, moist
noises
What is thoracic coupage? - Answer: gentle percussive therapy using cupped hands over the chest
What are the benefits of thoracic coupage? - Answer: promotes clearance of secretions
Why should patients be monitored during coupage? - Answer: released secretions may obstruct the
airway and cause dyspnoea
What part of the lung should thoracic coupage be performed? - Answer: the affected part
Risk factors for developing pressure sores? - Answer: large breed dogs, hard surfaces, urine/faeces or
skin infections
Why should the urination reflex be assessed? - Answer: to ensure the animal can pee by themselves
What happens when there is no voluntary control to urinate? - Answer: the bladder empties due to
reflex, only when very full
A large quantity of urine indicates? - Answer: complete emptying of the bladder, palpate to confirm
A small quantity of urine indicates? - Answer: incomplete emptying or urine overflow from full bladder
, 4
If the patient is not urinating voluntarily, what is performed? - Answer: bladder expression
What position is the bladder expressed in? - Answer: Lateral or standing
What can happen to patients that are recumbant for prolonged periods of time? - Answer: develop
muscle atrophy, joint stiffness and poor circulation
What position is physiotherapy performed in? - Answer: lateral or standing in sling
What are the common techniques for physiotherapy? - Answer: massage and passive range of motion,
flexion and extension of the joints
Correct nutrition is a major factor in.. - Answer: recovery from illness, maintenance in health and
management of diseases
What are water and minerals required for? - Answer: all functions apart from the supply of energy
What nutrtional components are used for energy? - Answer: Carbs, fats and proteins
What are vitamins primary involved in? - Answer: metabolic functions
benefits of adequate nutrition - Answer: prevents weight loss, normal gi motility, improved wound
healing
anorexia - Answer: complete lack of appetite with no desire to eat
inappetence - Answer: reduced appetite, associated with metabolic disorders
Illness factor - Answer: nausea or disease processes cause disinterest in food
