Test Bank # u
Astronomy Today # u
Eighth Edition #u
Eric Chaisson
#u
Harvard University#u
Steve McMillan
#u
Drexel University
#u
Boston # u Columbus # u Indianapolis # u New # u York # u San # u Francisco # u Upper
#uSaddle # u River #uAmsterdam # u Cape # u Town # u Dubai # u London # u Madrid # u Milan
# u Munich # u Paris # u Montréal # u Toronto #uDelhi # u Mexico # u City # u São # u Paulo
# u Sydney # u Hong # u Kong # u Seoul # u Singapore # u Taipei # u Tokyo
,Publisher: # u James # u Smith
# u Executive #uEditor: #uNancy
#u Whilton #uProject #uManager:
#u Tema #uGoodwin #uMarketing
#u Manager: # u Will # u Moore
Production # u and # u Composition: # u Tamarack # u Software, # u Inc.
Copyright # u © # u 2014, # u 2011, # u 2008, # u 2005 # u Pearson # u Education, # u Inc., # u 1301 # u Sansome
# u St., # u San # u Francisco, #uCA # u 94111. # u All # u rights # u reserved. # u Manufactured # u in # u the # u United
# u States # u of # u America. # u This # u publication # u is #uprotected # u by # u Copyright # u and # u permission
# u should # u be # u obtained # u from # u the # u publisher # u prior # u to # u any #uprohibited # u reproduction,
# u storage # u in # u a # u retrieval # u system, # u or # u transmission # u in # u any # u form # u or # u by # u any #umeans,
# u electronic, # u mechanical, # u photocopying, # u recording, # u or # u likewise. # u To # u obtain
# u permission(s) # u to #uuse # u material # u from # u this # u work, # u please # u submit # u a # u written # u request
# u to # u Pearson # u Education, # u Inc., #uPermissions # u Department, # u 1900 # u E. # u Lake # u Ave.,
# u Glenview, # u IL # u 60025. # u For # u information # u regarding #upermissions, #ucall #u(847) #u486-2635.
Many #uof #uthe #udesignations #uused #uby #umanufacturers #uand #usellers #uto #udistinguish #utheir
#uproducts #uare #uclaimed #uas #utrademarks. #uWhere #uthose #udesignations #uappear #uin #uthis #ubook,
#uand #uthe #upublisher #uwas #uaware # u of # u a # u trademark # u claim, # u the # u designations # u have
# u been # u printed # u in # u initial # u caps # u or # u all # u caps.
ISBN #u 10-digit: # u 0-321-91008-7; # u ISBN #u 13-digit: #u 978-0-321-91008-0
,Contents
#u
Chapter #u1 Charting #uthe #uHeavens: #uThe #uFoundations #uof #uAstronomy ......................................... 1
Chapter #u2 The #uCopernican #uRevolution: #uThe #uBirth #uof #uModern #uScience ................................. 18
Chapter #u3 Radiation: #uInformation #ufrom #uthe #uCosmos .................................................................. 36
Chapter #u4 Spectroscopy: #uThe #uInner #uWorkings #uof #uAtoms .......................................................... 56
Chapter #u5 Telescopes: #uThe #uTools #uof #uAstronomy ......................................................................... 73
Chapter #u6 The #uSolar #uSystem: #uComparative #uPlanetology #uand #uFormation #uModels ............... 92
Chapter #u7 Earth: #uOur #uHome #uin #uSpace......................................................................................... 118
Chapter #u8 The #uMoon #uand #uMercury: #uScorched #uand #uBattered #uWorlds .................................. 136
Chapter #u9 Venus: #uEarth’s #uSister #uPlanet ........................................................................................ 156
Chapter #u10 Mars: #uA #uNear #uMiss #ufor #uLife? .................................................................................... 173
Chapter #u11 Jupiter: #uGiant #uof #uthe #uSolar #uSystem ........................................................................... 191
Chapter #u12 Saturn: #uSpectacular #uRings #uand #uMysterious #uMoons................................................ 209
Chapter #u13 Uranus #uand #uNeptune: #uThe #uOuter #uWorlds #uof #uthe #uSolar #uSystem ...................... 228
Chapter #u14 Solar #uSystem #uDebris: #uKeys #uto #uOur #uOrigin ............................................................. 247
Chapter #u15 Exoplanets: #uPlanetary #uSystems #uBeyond #uOur #uOwn................................................. 267
Chapter #u16 The #uSun: #uOur #uParent #uStar........................................................................................... 280
Chapter #u17 The #uStars: #uGiants, #uDwarfs, #uand #uthe #uMain #uSequence ........................................... 301
Chapter #u18 The #uInterstellar #uMedium: #uGas #uand #uDust #uamong #uthe #uStars................................ 321
Chapter #u19 Star #uFormation: #uA #uTraumatic #uBirth ........................................................................... 339
Chapter #u20 Stellar #uEvolution: #uThe #uLife #uand #uDeath #uof #ua #uStar ................................................. 359
Chapter #u21 Stellar #uExplosions: #uNovae, #uSupernovae, #uand #uthe #uFormation #uof #uthe #uElements380
Chapter #u22 Neutron #uStars #uand #uBlack #uHoles: #uStrange #uStates #uof #uMatter ................................ 399
Chapter #u23 The #uMilky #uWay #uGalaxy: #uA #uSpiral #uin #uSpace .......................................................... 420
Chapter #u24 Galaxies: #uBuilding #uBlocks #uof #uthe #uUniverse ............................................................. 439
Chapter #u25 Galaxies #uand #uDark #uMatter: #uThe #uLarge-Scale #uStructure #uof #uthe #uCosmos .......... 459
Chapter #u26 Cosmology: #uThe #uBig #uBang #uand #uthe #uFate #uof #uthe #uUniverse ................................ 479
Chapter #u27 The #uEarly #uUniverse: #uToward #uthe #uBeginning #uof #uTime.......................................... 497
Chapter #u28 Life #uin #uthe #uUniverse: #uAre #uWe #uAlone? .................................................................... 516
, Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens:
#u #u #u
The Foundations of Astronomy
#u #u #u
1.1 True/False #uQuestions
1) The #udistances #uto #ubodies #uin #uthe #usolar #usystem #uare #ua #ufew #ulight #uminutes #uto
light #uhours. #uAnswer:
#u # u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u 1.1
2) A #ulight-year #uis #ua #umeasurement #uof
#utime. #uAnswer: # u FALSE
Diff: #u1
Section #uRef: #u 1.1
3) It #uwas #uAristotle #uwho #uused #uthe #uscientific #umethod #uto #ushow #uthe #uEarth
was #ua #usphere. #uAnswer:
#u #u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u 1.2
4) Constellations #uare #uclose #uclusters #uof #ustars, #uall #uat #uabout #uthe #usame #udistance
from #uthe #uSun. #uAnswer:
#u #u FALSE
Diff: #u1
Section #uRef: #u 1.3
5) From #uthe #uSouth #uPole, #uPolaris #uwould #uappear #udirectly
overhead. #uAnswer:
#u # u FALSE
Diff: #u1
Section #uRef: #u 1.3
6) Only #uat #uthe #uequator #uare #uall #uthe #ustars #uvisible #uover #uthe #ucourse
of #uthe #uyear. #uAnswer:
#u #u TRUE
Diff: #u1
Section #uRef: #u 1.3
7) Over #uthe #ucourse #uof #ua #unight, #uPolaris #umoves #uless #uthan #uany #uother #uvisible
star #uin #uthe #usky. #uAnswer:
#u # u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u 1.3
8) There #uare #u3,600 #uarc #useconds #uin #ua
degree. #uAnswer:
#u # u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u More #uPrecisely #u1-1
9) At #uapogee, #uthe #uMoon #uis #uat #uits #ufarthest #ufrom #uEarth #uand #uthus #uappears #usmaller
#uthan #unormal. #uBecause #uof #uthis #uit #ucan #uproduce #uonly #uannular #usolar #ueclipses, #ubut
#unot #utotal #usolar #ueclipses.
Answer: # u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u 1.5
Copyright # u © # u 2014 # u Pearson 1
# u Education, # u Inc.
Astronomy Today # u
Eighth Edition #u
Eric Chaisson
#u
Harvard University#u
Steve McMillan
#u
Drexel University
#u
Boston # u Columbus # u Indianapolis # u New # u York # u San # u Francisco # u Upper
#uSaddle # u River #uAmsterdam # u Cape # u Town # u Dubai # u London # u Madrid # u Milan
# u Munich # u Paris # u Montréal # u Toronto #uDelhi # u Mexico # u City # u São # u Paulo
# u Sydney # u Hong # u Kong # u Seoul # u Singapore # u Taipei # u Tokyo
,Publisher: # u James # u Smith
# u Executive #uEditor: #uNancy
#u Whilton #uProject #uManager:
#u Tema #uGoodwin #uMarketing
#u Manager: # u Will # u Moore
Production # u and # u Composition: # u Tamarack # u Software, # u Inc.
Copyright # u © # u 2014, # u 2011, # u 2008, # u 2005 # u Pearson # u Education, # u Inc., # u 1301 # u Sansome
# u St., # u San # u Francisco, #uCA # u 94111. # u All # u rights # u reserved. # u Manufactured # u in # u the # u United
# u States # u of # u America. # u This # u publication # u is #uprotected # u by # u Copyright # u and # u permission
# u should # u be # u obtained # u from # u the # u publisher # u prior # u to # u any #uprohibited # u reproduction,
# u storage # u in # u a # u retrieval # u system, # u or # u transmission # u in # u any # u form # u or # u by # u any #umeans,
# u electronic, # u mechanical, # u photocopying, # u recording, # u or # u likewise. # u To # u obtain
# u permission(s) # u to #uuse # u material # u from # u this # u work, # u please # u submit # u a # u written # u request
# u to # u Pearson # u Education, # u Inc., #uPermissions # u Department, # u 1900 # u E. # u Lake # u Ave.,
# u Glenview, # u IL # u 60025. # u For # u information # u regarding #upermissions, #ucall #u(847) #u486-2635.
Many #uof #uthe #udesignations #uused #uby #umanufacturers #uand #usellers #uto #udistinguish #utheir
#uproducts #uare #uclaimed #uas #utrademarks. #uWhere #uthose #udesignations #uappear #uin #uthis #ubook,
#uand #uthe #upublisher #uwas #uaware # u of # u a # u trademark # u claim, # u the # u designations # u have
# u been # u printed # u in # u initial # u caps # u or # u all # u caps.
ISBN #u 10-digit: # u 0-321-91008-7; # u ISBN #u 13-digit: #u 978-0-321-91008-0
,Contents
#u
Chapter #u1 Charting #uthe #uHeavens: #uThe #uFoundations #uof #uAstronomy ......................................... 1
Chapter #u2 The #uCopernican #uRevolution: #uThe #uBirth #uof #uModern #uScience ................................. 18
Chapter #u3 Radiation: #uInformation #ufrom #uthe #uCosmos .................................................................. 36
Chapter #u4 Spectroscopy: #uThe #uInner #uWorkings #uof #uAtoms .......................................................... 56
Chapter #u5 Telescopes: #uThe #uTools #uof #uAstronomy ......................................................................... 73
Chapter #u6 The #uSolar #uSystem: #uComparative #uPlanetology #uand #uFormation #uModels ............... 92
Chapter #u7 Earth: #uOur #uHome #uin #uSpace......................................................................................... 118
Chapter #u8 The #uMoon #uand #uMercury: #uScorched #uand #uBattered #uWorlds .................................. 136
Chapter #u9 Venus: #uEarth’s #uSister #uPlanet ........................................................................................ 156
Chapter #u10 Mars: #uA #uNear #uMiss #ufor #uLife? .................................................................................... 173
Chapter #u11 Jupiter: #uGiant #uof #uthe #uSolar #uSystem ........................................................................... 191
Chapter #u12 Saturn: #uSpectacular #uRings #uand #uMysterious #uMoons................................................ 209
Chapter #u13 Uranus #uand #uNeptune: #uThe #uOuter #uWorlds #uof #uthe #uSolar #uSystem ...................... 228
Chapter #u14 Solar #uSystem #uDebris: #uKeys #uto #uOur #uOrigin ............................................................. 247
Chapter #u15 Exoplanets: #uPlanetary #uSystems #uBeyond #uOur #uOwn................................................. 267
Chapter #u16 The #uSun: #uOur #uParent #uStar........................................................................................... 280
Chapter #u17 The #uStars: #uGiants, #uDwarfs, #uand #uthe #uMain #uSequence ........................................... 301
Chapter #u18 The #uInterstellar #uMedium: #uGas #uand #uDust #uamong #uthe #uStars................................ 321
Chapter #u19 Star #uFormation: #uA #uTraumatic #uBirth ........................................................................... 339
Chapter #u20 Stellar #uEvolution: #uThe #uLife #uand #uDeath #uof #ua #uStar ................................................. 359
Chapter #u21 Stellar #uExplosions: #uNovae, #uSupernovae, #uand #uthe #uFormation #uof #uthe #uElements380
Chapter #u22 Neutron #uStars #uand #uBlack #uHoles: #uStrange #uStates #uof #uMatter ................................ 399
Chapter #u23 The #uMilky #uWay #uGalaxy: #uA #uSpiral #uin #uSpace .......................................................... 420
Chapter #u24 Galaxies: #uBuilding #uBlocks #uof #uthe #uUniverse ............................................................. 439
Chapter #u25 Galaxies #uand #uDark #uMatter: #uThe #uLarge-Scale #uStructure #uof #uthe #uCosmos .......... 459
Chapter #u26 Cosmology: #uThe #uBig #uBang #uand #uthe #uFate #uof #uthe #uUniverse ................................ 479
Chapter #u27 The #uEarly #uUniverse: #uToward #uthe #uBeginning #uof #uTime.......................................... 497
Chapter #u28 Life #uin #uthe #uUniverse: #uAre #uWe #uAlone? .................................................................... 516
, Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens:
#u #u #u
The Foundations of Astronomy
#u #u #u
1.1 True/False #uQuestions
1) The #udistances #uto #ubodies #uin #uthe #usolar #usystem #uare #ua #ufew #ulight #uminutes #uto
light #uhours. #uAnswer:
#u # u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u 1.1
2) A #ulight-year #uis #ua #umeasurement #uof
#utime. #uAnswer: # u FALSE
Diff: #u1
Section #uRef: #u 1.1
3) It #uwas #uAristotle #uwho #uused #uthe #uscientific #umethod #uto #ushow #uthe #uEarth
was #ua #usphere. #uAnswer:
#u #u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u 1.2
4) Constellations #uare #uclose #uclusters #uof #ustars, #uall #uat #uabout #uthe #usame #udistance
from #uthe #uSun. #uAnswer:
#u #u FALSE
Diff: #u1
Section #uRef: #u 1.3
5) From #uthe #uSouth #uPole, #uPolaris #uwould #uappear #udirectly
overhead. #uAnswer:
#u # u FALSE
Diff: #u1
Section #uRef: #u 1.3
6) Only #uat #uthe #uequator #uare #uall #uthe #ustars #uvisible #uover #uthe #ucourse
of #uthe #uyear. #uAnswer:
#u #u TRUE
Diff: #u1
Section #uRef: #u 1.3
7) Over #uthe #ucourse #uof #ua #unight, #uPolaris #umoves #uless #uthan #uany #uother #uvisible
star #uin #uthe #usky. #uAnswer:
#u # u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u 1.3
8) There #uare #u3,600 #uarc #useconds #uin #ua
degree. #uAnswer:
#u # u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u More #uPrecisely #u1-1
9) At #uapogee, #uthe #uMoon #uis #uat #uits #ufarthest #ufrom #uEarth #uand #uthus #uappears #usmaller
#uthan #unormal. #uBecause #uof #uthis #uit #ucan #uproduce #uonly #uannular #usolar #ueclipses, #ubut
#unot #utotal #usolar #ueclipses.
Answer: # u TRUE
Diff: #u2
Section #uRef: #u 1.5
Copyright # u © # u 2014 # u Pearson 1
# u Education, # u Inc.
